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Unit 1 World History > 1.1 > Flashcards

1.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Confucianism

A

philosophical belief system that emphasized: Patriarchy, Filial Piety, education

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2
Q

Patriarchy

A

male leadership and respect

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3
Q

Filial Piety

A

respect for elders

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4
Q

Imperial Bureaucracy

A

appointed officials enforced/carried out the policies of the empire

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5
Q

Civil service exam

A

Confucian style government exam required to pass to gain offiice

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6
Q

Champa rice

A

fast ripening, drought resistant rice from vietnam that grew the population (change)

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7
Q

Grand Canal

A

man-made water system that connected parts of China (Continuity)

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8
Q

Silk Road

A

Eurasian trade routes active from the second century BCE until the mid-15th century.

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9
Q

Zen Buddhism

A

Buddhism that adapted a doaist principle: meditation

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10
Q

Neo-Confucianism

A

combinatioon of buddhism and confucianism

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11
Q

Foot binding

A

upper class women did to show submission and wealth

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12
Q

China’s impact on Korea

A

Korea paid tribute to chinese emporer
traded luxery items with china
Decreased womens rights by practicing confucianism

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13
Q

China’s impact on Japan

A

Japan chose what was borrowed from china due to sea of Japan
Japanese aristocrat made missions to china to learn culture
encouraged confuciaism and buddhism
adopted chinese court, calender, taxes, law, and gov mimistries
women escaped confuscian principles had freedoms

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14
Q

China’s impact on Vietnam

A

culture borrow from china
adopted confucianism, doaism, exam system, and art styles
women in vietnam had more rights
femaile dieties
had theur own writing sytstem and language

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15
Q

Abbasid Caliphate

A

Muslim empire that stretched from Egypt to border of India

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16
Q

Seljuk Empire

A

Seljuks: nomadic muslims from central asia who conqured arabian penisula from abbasid

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17
Q

Mamluk Empire

A

Mamluks: enslaved soilders who were buerocrats and violently overthrew the Abbasid caliphate
grew strong by trading cotton between ilsamic world and europe

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18
Q

Sharia law

A

a code for living that all Muslims should adhere to, including prayers, fasting and donations to the poor.

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19
Q

Madrassas

A

islamic universities

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20
Q

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi

A

Muslim scholar who pioneered trigonometry and charted panetary movement

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21
Q

House of Wisdom

A

center of Muslim learning in Baghdad

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22
Q

Islam and the rights of women

A

in spirtual life men and women were eqaul but in social life women were seen as inferior and subordinate
Female infanticide was forbidden
could control property and doweries, and inheritance rights
divorce was possible
could not have multiple husbands
sufi practices gave greater roles for women

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23
Q

hadiths

A

traditions based on the sayings of mohammad

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24
Q

Al-Andalus

A

muslim controlled spain(warefare)

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25
Q

what caused the spread of islam across Africa and the MIddle East

A

warefare, trade, and sufis

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26
Q

Muslim, Indian, and Chinese knowledge spread through…

A

Al-Andalus

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27
Q

Therevada buddhism

A

strict personal adherence to the eight fold path to enter nirvana

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28
Q

Mahayana Buddhism

A

Focuses less on personal works and more on the grace of bodhisattvas, spiritual guides, help believer reach nirvana

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29
Q

Bhakti Movement (Hinduism)

A

emphasized the importance of emotion rather than studying hindu texts, devotion to an indivisual diety, did not discriminate against women or people in a low caste

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30
Q

Hinduism

A

worships Brahama, pratices Dharma: religios duties, gets Karma in reward, samsura is the re-birth cycle that requires a certain amount of karma to escape, mokasha is the end goal to escape cycle of rebirth and become one with Brahama

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31
Q

Caste system

A

four-leveled rigid social structure of hinduism based on level of karma, professionor tradw with little ability for social movement

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32
Q

Qutub Minar

A

an elaborate mosque on top of a hindu temple that represent a blend of hindu and muslim architechture

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33
Q

Vijayanagara Empire

A

“victorious city” that relied on hinudism and indian ocean trade to maintain power

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34
Q

Rajput KIngdoms

A

Small hindu kingdoms that often wared with one another, no centalized power, leaving them exposed for muslim attack

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35
Q

Delhi Sultanate

A

Muslim kingdom the conqured most of Northern India, imposed Jizya (tax) on non-muslims

36
Q

Islam entered india by…

A

military conflict

37
Q

what lead many hindus and buddhist to convert to islam

A

low caste hindus coverted due to the equality they would have, buddhist coverted due to corruption in their leaders

38
Q

Southeast asian kingdoms were influenced by…

A

indian cultural traditions

39
Q

Srivijaya empire

A

hindu kingdom that had a strong navy and charged taxes on passing ships

40
Q

Majapahit Kingdom

A

Buddhist kingdom based on Java(king/budda worship) that earned money by controlling sea trade

41
Q

Angkor wat

A

a hindu and buddhist temple in the Khmer kingdom that showed off power

42
Q

mississippian culture

A

agriculture based society that built giant earth mounds

43
Q

mississippian social structure

A
  1. chief called “Great Sun” ruled each town

2. priests, nobels, and peasants

44
Q

matrilineal society

A

social standing was based on the mother

45
Q

decline of mississipian culture

A

flooding or weather extremes that caused crop failure or disease

46
Q

chaco canyon

A

(innovation) people built large houses using only stone and clay

47
Q

Mesa Verda

A

(Innovation) built multi story homes into the sides of clifs for protection using sandstone bricks

48
Q

decline of Chaco canyon and Mesa Verde…

A

maybe do to drought of dry climate

49
Q

Maya city states

A

(southern mexico) divided into city states and ruled by a king operating independantly, fought against eachother, paid taxes in the form of crops, kings claimed to be decendants of the gods

50
Q

mayan religion and innovation

A

worship sun, rain, and corn dieties by offering human sacrafices
human sacrafices also showed power of gov

51
Q

Mayan calender

A

accurate calender based on stars and use zero in their number system

52
Q

mayan decline

A

environmental degradation or shifting trade routes

53
Q

Aztec empire (central mexico)

A

tenochtitlan was the capital located in the center of lake texcoco for protection

54
Q

theocracy

A

ruled by a religios leader who was the emporer and religious leader

55
Q

Aztec empire had semi central control and city state were grouped into…

A

provinces

56
Q

Aztec religion

A

polytheistic: conquered people were sacraficed to gods

57
Q

Aztec women

A

women could be priestesses. midwives, and healers

58
Q

Chinampas

A

floating gardens built to increase farmland

59
Q

aztec decline

A

lack of tech made farming difficult

human sacrafices create resentment which turned into rebellion

60
Q

Inca empire

A

mountainous empire located in peru

61
Q

inca gov

A

pachacuti: tribal leader who conqured other tribes
centralized gov split into four imperial provinces each with a govener
conqured tribes had mandatory public servive or mit’a system
state owned all land and resources

62
Q

quipos

A

knotted cords to keep written records

63
Q

carpa nan

A

25,000 mile road and bridge system that ran through the empire and helped maintain control

64
Q

terraced farming

A

allowed farming to occur of mountain sides

65
Q

inca religion

A

worshipped the sun god Inti and created elaborate temples

66
Q

gender parallelism

A

women and men operated in separate but equal spheres (male and female priests and dieties)
But men occupied top gov and religious positions

67
Q

inca decline

A

defeated by the spanish conquistador franscisco pizarro

68
Q

Sub-Saharan Africa

A

heavily shaped by the migration of Bantu people

69
Q

Sub-Saharan African gov

A

Decentralized power structure based on kinship ties, where families govern themselves
Chiefs, commonly males, governed groups of families
as population grew kinship was replaced by larger kingdoms

70
Q

Hausa Kingdoms

A

loose collection of states based on kinship ties
stregthened by trading good native to their region
benefitted from trans-Saharan trade routes

71
Q

Ghana gov

A

muslim rulers traded gold and ivory to muslim traders for salt
king ruled centalized gov w help ofnobels and army who had iron weapons

72
Q

Ghana decline

A

wars with neighboring states weakend ghana

73
Q

Mali

A

developed in ghanas territory

74
Q

Mali gov

A

muslim king Sundiata grew strong through gold trade

kingdom was closly tied with islam

75
Q

Mali decline

A

trade routes shifted away from mali

76
Q

Zimbabwe gov and economy

A

chiefs built zimbabwes/dwellings out of stone to show power
grew strong with gold feilds and taxing trade
traded with indian ocean and coastal cities

77
Q

zimbabwe language

A

created new language called swahili which is a blend of arabic and bantu

78
Q

Zimbabwe decline

A

overgrazing caused crop failure making people move

79
Q

Ethiopia

A

Christian kingdom of Africa

80
Q

Ethiopia gov and econ

A

rulers showed power by building 11 giant churches made of rock
saparated from rome and mde a unique form of christianity
participated twards east african slave trade
home of coffee bean

81
Q

Indian ocean slave trade

A

prisoners of war, debtors and criminals sent to india and arabia from africa, slave ownership was a status symbol, slaves worked shipyards or sugar plantations in the middle east

82
Q

Griots

A

storytellers who preserve history

83
Q

impacts of the crusades

A

popes power grows
demand for asian luxeery goods simulated trade
muslim scholarship and greek learning enter europe
rift between eastern orthodox and roman catholic church

84
Q

black death

A

killed 1/3 of europe

low supply of peasants allowed them to negotiate for more money and greater rights

85
Q

little ice age

A

less food slowed growth and trade

86
Q

rise of states like england and france

A

black death and little ice ags weakend feudal lords

Unit 1 World History (1 decks)

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