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BIO 1406-S31 > 11/10 EXAM > Flashcards

11/10 EXAM Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is NOT a stage of cellular respiration?

A

Fermentation

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2
Q

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?

A

glycolysis–> Krebs cycle–> electron transport

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3
Q

Which of the following is released during cellular respiration?

A

Energy

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4
Q

Cellular respiration uses one molecule of glucose to produce___

A

36 ATP molecules

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5
Q

What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?

A

6O2+ C6H12O6–> 6CO2+6H20+ Energy

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6
Q

Cellular respiration releases energy by breaking down

A

food molecules

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7
Q

What are the reactants in the equation for cellular respiration?

A

glucose and oxygen

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8
Q

Which of these is a product of cellular respiration?

A

water

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9
Q

Which of these processes takes place in the cytoplasm of a cell?

A

glycolysis

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10
Q

Glycolysis provides a cell with a net gain of

A

2 ATP molecules

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11
Q

The starting molecule for glycolysis is

A

glucose

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12
Q

Glycolysis requires

A

an energy input

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13
Q

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

A

Glucose

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14
Q

Which of the following acts as an electron carrier in cellular respiration?

A

NAD+

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15
Q

Lactic Acid fermentation occurs in

A

muscle cells

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16
Q

The two main types of fermentation are called

A

alcoholic and lactic acid

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17
Q

One cause of muscle soreness is

A

lactic acid fermentation

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18
Q

Which process is used to produce beer and wine?

A

alcoholic fermentation

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19
Q

Milk is converted to yogurt under certain conditions when the microorganisms in the milk produce acid. Which of these processes would you expect to be key in production of yogurt?

A

lactic acid fermentation

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20
Q

During lactic acid fermentation, ____

A

NAD+ is regenerated, allowing glycolysis to continue

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21
Q

The conversion of pyruvic acid into lactic acid requires

A

NADH

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22
Q

In the presence of oxygen, glycolysis is followed by

A

the Krebs cycle

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23
Q

Cellular respiration is called an aerobic process because it requires

A

Oxygen

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24
Q

Which organism is NOT likely to carry out cellular respiration?

A

anaerobic bacterium

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25
The starting molecules for the Krebs cycle is
Pyruvic acid
26
The Krebs cycle does not occur if
fermentation occurs
27
The Krebs cycle produces
electron carriers
28
The Krebs cycle starts with
pyruvic acid and yields carbon dioxide
29
The electron transport chain can be found in
all of the above Prokaryotes, Animals, Plants
30
In eukaryotes, electron transport occurs in the
mitochondria
31
Which of the following passes high-energy electrons into the electron transport chain?
NADH and FADH2
32
Each pair of high-energy electrons that moves down the electron transport chain provides enough energy to
convert 3 ADP molecules into 3 ATP molecules
33
The energy of electrons passing along the electron transport chain is used to make
ATP
34
Breathing heavily after running a race is your body's way of
repaying an oxygen debt
35
When the body needs to exercise for longer than 90 seconds, it generates ATP by carrying out
cellular respiration
36
If you want to control your weight, how long should you exercise aerobically each time that you exercise?
more than 20 minutes
37
The energy needed to win a 2-minute footrace is produced mostly by.
lactic acid fermentation
38
Which statement mainly explains why even well-conditioned athletes have to pace themselves for athletic events that last several hours?
cellular respiration releases energy more slowly than fermentation does.
39
All of the following are sources of energy during exercise EXCEPT
alcoholic fermentation
40
Which process does NOT release energy from glucose
photosynthesis
41
How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis almost opposite processes?
Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and cellular respiration puts it back.
42
Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to
mitochondria
43
Unlike photosynthesis, cellular respiration occurs in
all eukaryotic cells
44
Plants cannot release energy from glucose using
photosynthesis
45
The products of photosynthesis are the
reactants of cellular respiration
46
An oxidation-reduction reaction involves the transfer of a(n)
electron
47
Which of the following is NOT a way that a molecule releases energy gained by absorption of a photon?
nuclear decay
48
Oxygen is highly corrosive; therefore, which of the following would provide definitive evidence of large amounts of O2 in the atmosphere?
rust
49
What are grana?
stacks of membranous sacs
50
What is responsible for the yellow-orange coloration of leaves in the fall?
carotenoids
51
The shorter the wavelength of visible light, the
greater the energy
52
In photosynthesis, a H+ ion gradient forms across the
thylakoid membrane
53
The products of the light reactions of photosynthesis is(are)
ATP and NADPH
54
How many times must the Calvin cycle turn for the plant cell to be able to produce one molecule of glucose?
Six
55
How do CAM plants conserve water?
by growing very deep roots
56
Which reaction of cellular respiration is analogous to the light reaction of photosynthesis?
electron transport chain
57
______ is to photosynthesis as ______ is to cellular respiration.
NADP+ . . . NAD+
58
The ultimate source of (nearly) all energy in food produced on Earth is
sunlight
59
What name is given to a discrete packet of light?
photon
60
What is the primary mechanism by which CO2 contributes to global warming
by preventing the radiation of heat from Earth to space
61
The energy of wavelengths that appear _____ are LEAST useful to photosynthesis
green
62
_____ cells in leaves are specialized for photosynthesis
mesophyll
63
Which of the following is the source of electrons for the light reactions?
H2O
64
Where are the photosystems located?
thylakoid membrane
65
How many molecules of glucose is (are) produced by each cycle of the light reaction?
zero
66
Under arid conditions, C4 plants fix carbon dioxide more efficiently than C3 plants because C4 plants_________.
use ATP to fix carbon dioxide
67
What is the function of stomata?
gas exchange
68
Which of the following is NOT an autotroph?
mushroom
69
The first cells to split water ______.
were prokaryotes
70
The light reactions of photosynthesis convert ____ energy into _____ energy.
solar... chemical
71
What name is given to the membranous sacs found within a chloroplast?
thylakoids
72
Cutting down trees _____.
increases the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere.
73
The last stage of one complete turn of the Calvin cycle involves______.
regeneration of RuBP
74
Through what structure do plants obtain most of their water?
roots
75
How do C4 plants conserve water?
keeping their stomata closed for most of the time.
76
A concentration gradient is a form of
potential energy
77
In which organelle does photosynthesis take place?
chloroplast
78
Plant cells that contain the organelle responsible for photosynthesis are concentrated in cells of the
mesophyll
79
______ is the source of the oxygen gas released by a photosystem.
H2O
80
When a molecule absorbs a photon, one of its electrons is raised to the _____ state.
exited
81
One of the compounds that is a direct output of the Calvin cycle is ____.
G3P
82
In photosynthesis, what is the immediate source of energy used to produce a proton gradient?
energy released as electrons are transferred from one carrier to another
83
In photosynthesis, redox reactions ultimately transfer electrons from ____ to ______.
H2O....CO2
84
The first step of the Calvin cycle is the incorporation of _____ into _____.
CO2.... RuBP
85
Which of the following equations best summarizes photosynthesis?
6 CO2 + 6 H2O --> C6 H12 O6 + 6 CO2
86
The first cells to release oxygen gas into the atmosphere were _____.
cyanobacteria
87
What compound is found at the reaction center of a photosystem?
chlorophyll a
88
Which of these colors contributes the LEAST amount of energy to photosynthesis?
green
89
the light reactions of photosynthesis take place ____.
in the thylakoid membrane
90
The Calvin cycle makes direct use of ____ to make _____.
CO2, ATP, and NADPH..... sugar

BIO 1406-S31 (2 decks)

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