10Music, Health & Wellbeing Flashcards
According to Hargreaves & North (1999), what changes the experience of music in people’s lives?
Technology
The purposeful listening of music is rarely non-meaningful. What does sociologist DeNora suggest about this?
That our music choice is based on our needs (external & internal)
List the different areas that define wellbeing
Physical, economic, social, development, emotional, psychological, life satisfaction, domain specific, engaging activities/work
MacDonal, Kreutz & Mitchell pose the question “why music”. What’s their answer?
Music is: emotional, pervasive, engaging, distracting, physical, ambiguous, social, communicative & affects behaviour, identity & health
Describe how music can affect us cognitively, psychosocially & psychopathologically
Music can influence social & cognitive processes; regulates emotions & coping; can be therapeutic
In a study by Papinczak et al., they identified four ways music is used to enhance well-being. What were they?
Relationships; modifying cognitions; modifying emotions; immersing in emotions
Looking at music & identity, Schafer & Sedlmeier (2010) conducted a social litmus test with college students, & Hayes & Minichiello (2005) did the same with older adults. What was found regardless of age?;
What was found with older adults in regards to group affiliation?
Music was an important tool for the communication, representation & expression of the self to others;
They showed a more positive response when told they shared a type of music with a group (preference based on others)
Music is one of the most common strategies utilised for mood regulation. Which gender are more likely to use it for this purpose?
Women
Saarikallio & Erkkila (2007) identified two overarching themes for how music is used for regulation. What are they?;
What does repetition of use provide?
Used for controlling our mood & improving our mood;
Temporal & qualitative structure of the emotion (if we use the same piece repeatedly, as soon as we hear it, it takes affect - calms mind, reduces heart rate, etc)
Describe the ISO principle
Meeting & matching the current mood state & then inducing a gradual shift in mood through a varied use of music; can target the emotional & physical self
The ISO principle is technically a music therapy intervention technique, but why would it be important in relation to music & well-being?
It’s non-pharmacological; person-controlled (anytime/place); empowering; holistic; & free
Preference is one of the key ingredients for music to affect us. What does research by Sloboda & O’Neill (2009) show about self selected music?
That it helps to increase energy & positivity
Sad lyrics can be confronting when a person finds aspects of their identity & experience in the story. Describe the evidence by Goldstein (2009) in regards to this
Higher levels of sadness & anxiety was found when stories mirrored personal experience
What did Bodner (2007) & Hunter (2011) find about sad music?;
So, what’s important when applying the ISO principle with depressed patients?
People with depression may have heightened responses & identification with it (find it hard to differentiate between the music’s story & their own);
Finding a balance between mirroring & moving to the opposite mood state so they don’t get stuck in the negative space
Define Music Therapy according to AMTA
Music therapy is a research-based practice & profession in which music is used to actively support people as they strive to improve their health, functioning & wellbeing
