Nutritional requirements for bacteria Flashcards

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1
Q

What are macronutrients(for bacteria)?

A

For bacteria:
Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorous
Form membranes, proteins, nucleic acid, other structures of the cell

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2
Q

What are micronutrients(for bacteria)?

A

For bacteria:
B vitamins, trace elements, growth factors
Enable enzymes to catalyze biochemical reactions

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3
Q

What are autotrophs and heterotrophs?

A

Autotrophs:
They produce their own food
Carbon source: Use inorganic substances to form organic substances

Heterotrophs:
They cannot produce food on their own
Carbon source: Use organic substances

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4
Q

What are phototrophs and chemotrophs?

A

Phototrophs:
Use energy from the sunlight to make food

Chemotrophs:
Use energy from chemical reactions to make food

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5
Q

What are hyperthermophiles?

A

Bacteria which can thrive in an environment of 80°C and upwards

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6
Q

What are mesophiles?

A

Bacteria which can thrive in an environment of 20°C - 40°C

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7
Q

What are thermophiles?

A

Bacteria which can thrive in an environment of 45°C - 80°C

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8
Q

What are cryophiles?

A

Bacteria which can thrive in an environment of -5°C/0°C - 15°C

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9
Q

What are psychrophiles?

A

Bacteria which can thrive in an environment of 0°C/7°C - 20°C/30°C

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10
Q

What are obligate aerobes?

A

Bacterial growth only occurs where a high concentration of oxygen is present
Bacterial growth is concentrated at the top of thioglycollate broth
Only can grow in the presence of oxygen

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11
Q

What are facultative anaerobes?

A

Bacteria grows best where the most oxygen is present but can also grow in the absence of it
Bacterial growth is observed throughout the thioglycollate broth but is more concentrated at the top
Can grow in both the presence and absence of oxygen

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12
Q

What are aerotolerant anaerobes?

A

Oxygen has no effect on bacterial growth

Bacterial growth is observed throughout the thioglycollate broth

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12
Q

What are obligate anaerobes?

A

Bacteria grow only where there is no oxygen
Bacterial growth is concentrated at the bottom of the thioglycollate broth
Can only grow in the absence of oxygen

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13
Q

What are microaerophiles?

A

Bacteria grow only where a low concentration of oxygen is present
Bacterial growth is observed only at the position near the top of the thioglycollate broth

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