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History > 1066 and William's Reign > Flashcards

1066 and William's Reign Flashcards

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1
Q

Which king died in January 1066

A

Edward the Confessor

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2
Q

Who were the contenders for the british throne?

A

William of Normandy, Harold Goodwinson and Harald Hardrada

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3
Q

What was William of Normandy’s position

A

Duke of Normandy

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4
Q

Did William have any links to King Edward?

A

Yes, Edward lived in Normandy between 1016-1042

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5
Q

What was Harold Godwinson’s position?

A

Earl of Wessex

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6
Q

Did Harold Godwinson have any links to the late king?

A

Yes, he was Edward’s brother in law

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7
Q

What was harold’s support for his claim?

A

He claims that Edward promised Harold the throne

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8
Q

What was Harald Hardrada’s position

A

King of Norway

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9
Q

Did Harald have any links to Edward?

A

No

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10
Q

What was Hardrada’s claim to the throne?

A

He had Tostig - Harold Godwinson’s brother - supporting his claim

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11
Q

What Iconic battle happened in September 1066?

A

The battle of Stamford bridge

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12
Q

Were the vikings well equipped for the attack?

A

No, many had left their armour miles away

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13
Q

Who was on the british throne for 9 months

A

King Harold

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14
Q

About how many soldiers fell to a single viking on stamford bridge?

A

40

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15
Q

How does the brave viking die?

A

He is stabbed by an cunning soldier that was beneath the bridge

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16
Q

By midday, what happened?

A

Harald Hardrada had been killed

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17
Q

Who won the battle of stamford bridge?

A

After the king if Norway died, King Harold was the clear winner

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18
Q

How many long boats did the Vikings bring to england?

A

300

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19
Q

How many ships did they return with?

A

Only 24

20
Q

What battle happened immediately after the battle of stamford bridge

A

The battle hastings

21
Q

How far did Harold’s army march?

A

250 miles

22
Q

What day did the battle of hastings commence?

A

14th of october

23
Q

Who gave william the flag he carried into battle?

A

The pope

24
Q

What was william’s first move?

A

To command his archers to rain a storm of arrows onto the british

25
Q

What did the english start chanting after the normans stopped firing arrows?

A

Out! Out! Out!

26
Q

What advantage did Harold have?

A

He thought it would be over quickly because he had the high ground.

27
Q

Which ruler was rumoured to be dead?

A

William of Normandy

28
Q

Well, was William dead?

A

No, he lifted his helmet above his head and yelled “LOOK AT ME! LOOK AT ME! I AM ALIVE AND, WITH GOD’S HELP, WILL BE THE VICTOR!”

29
Q

When did the battle restart?

A

About 12:30 pm

30
Q

What cunning move did William play?

A

He pretended to retreat so the english would charge down the hill which allowed the normans to kill many english knights. The english kept falling for the same trick and eventually King Harold had died and the Normans had won!

31
Q

Did the english like William?

A

No, they saw King William as a foreigner and wanted him dead!

32
Q

By 1086 how many castles had the barons built?

A

Over 100

33
Q

What were most of the castles called?

A

Motte and Bailey castles

34
Q

What were Motte and Bailey castles used for?

A

To guard important roads, ports, river crossings and towns.

35
Q

When did people start creating stone castles?

A

1070

36
Q

What was the keep?

A

The safest and highest part if the castle

37
Q

What was the motte?

A

15 meter high fence protecting the keep

38
Q

Wooden bridge

A

This lead from the bailey to the motte

39
Q

Bailey

A

Large yard with storerooms, kitchens, stables and guardrooms

40
Q

Palisade

A

Large fence protecting the bailey

41
Q

Ditch

A

Under drawbridge, when filled withn water it is called a moat

42
Q

Gateway and drawbridge

A

The entrance to the bailey, guarded by the baron’s soldiers

43
Q

What was the feudal system?

A

William lended land to his barons, who lent land to the knight, who lent land to the villeins. The villeins paid fir the land in work and food, the knights pay for the land and fight for barons if needed, the barons pay for the land from the king, and provide land if needed

44
Q

What was the harrying of the north?

A

The harrying of the north was the mass genocide of nirthern english people who rebelled

45
Q

Why did the harrying if the north happen?

A

Because people of Northumberland killed 900 of his men and a dear friend of his.

History (4 decks)

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