104 Flashcards
In a forensic scene, what does persistence refer to
The length of time biological material can be detected following a crime
Elimination samples refer to samples taken from people who are not under investigation for the offence but may come into leg image contact with crime scene
True
Can impressions be left by…
Drops of saliva and semen
Tools used as lever
A finger or palm print
Sole of shoe
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
DNA is known to deteriorate under which of the following conditions
Packaging creates conditions that cause degrade
Exposed to extreme weather conditions
Handing without gloves
Exited body for up to two hours
True
True
False
False
Evidence maybe affected when…
Many people enter and leave scene
Offender taken back to scene for interview
Movement exhibits not recorded
Doused in continuous rainfall
Contamination
Transfer
Evidential integrity
Deterioration
Classify can’t main types of evidence
Blood
Paint flakes
Semen
Glass fragments
Biological
Physical
Biological
Physical
Chains of evidence refers to
Official record of exhibit collection, security and movement
Evidence contamination may occur…
Lacks clear boundaries and pathways
Same gloves uplift different exhibits
Biological material inadvertently added to exhibit
Material cannot be linked to investigation
True
True
True
False
Tangible item that could be evidential material
A locked iPhone
Intangible evidential material example
Facebook account
Entomology is the science of studying
Insects
The relevance of forensic evidence is reliant upon what people say or do
False
Scenario eg of secondary transfer between
Woman and male B
Evidence is only relevant to an investigation if it has a tendency to prove anything that is of consequence to the case
False
Material can be contaminated when
Exhibits repeatably handled
Searcher leave traces on an exhibit
Scene equipment not cleaned
People and animals enter scene
All true
The golden hour concept refers to the time when
Evidential material is more readily available at a crime scene
Situation describe transfer between victim and offender may occur
Offender is present in scene prior to incident
Professional medical assistance given to victim
One vehicle used to transport victim and offender
When victim and offender not separated for initial interview
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Elimination samples are
Taken from people who had legitimate contact with scene or exhibit
Trace evidence
Maybe biological of physical nature
Usually found in fragments or small pieces
Cannot be seen with human eye
May only be seen by specialist forensic personnel
True
True
False
False
Contamination may occur when
Forensic material added to exhibit post incident
Exposed to rain or sunshine
Not correctly packaged or secured
Equipment used not properly cleaned
True
False
True
True
Preventing transfer forensic material by
Victim and suspect not transported in the same vehicle
Scene guards appointed to take car of witness and suspect
Victim and suspect separated at scene and kept apart
Interviews conducted different rooms
True
False
True
True
S29 offence and victim going to hospital
Officer should accompany the victim to ensure
Clothing is collected and preserved for exhibit collection
Initial reconnaissance by first on scene officers at serious crime is to
Survey the scene to establish the action required at the scene
Initial action team must formulate a plan for scene entry that
Avoids known suspect path from the scene
Delegates responsibilities between them
Priorities locating suspect above all else
Consider factors that may affect scene preservation
True
True
False
True
Preliminary interview with suspicious male near scene of serious crime
Make notebook entry of this details and his demeanour
I car first on scene to serious crash. Constables first duties is to
Ensure the crash scene is safe as possible
Purpose prelim interview with witness at a scene is
Ascertain legal reason to be at scene
Gather information for your handover briefing
Ascertain who needs to be separated and kept apart
Obtain identifying particulars and contact details
False
True
False
True
OC initial action could decide to uplift an item from a scene of serious crime when the item
Cannot be protected from the elements and will deteriorate
Blood and Bodily Fluid
Cover abrasions on hands and use double gloves
Package exhibits securely and label biohazard warning
Discard gloves in biohazard container
Package wet materials holding blood of bodily fluids promply
True
True
True
False
Reformatting a digital camera ____ remove images
Deleted images in a digital camera _____ remove the images
Delete images ____ be retrieved from the memory card
Digital images taken at a crime scene ____ be taken on approved camera
Won’t or similar
Won’t
Can
Should
Because deleted images can very easily be recovered from digital camera the guidelines direct
Digital camera are assigned to a named position or employee
Exhibit packaged and forwarded for analysis
May hold several items of evidence
Must be sealed by collected at the time of collection
Must be labelled to prevent contamination
Must be accompanied by completed POL143
False
True
False
True
When packaging an exhibit in windowed paper bag or kleensak you must
Fold over the top of the bag 2-3 times and deal with tape
An exhibit that is wet should be prompley packaged sealed and labelled to avoid further deterioration
False
Digital images produced as exhibit
Be secured in a master copy read only format
Have been downloaded to police computer
Be validated by image numbering and the taker
Have been taken by trained person
True
True
True
False
Identify correct sequence for exhibits
Record the exhibit in situ
Make a notebook record
Use disposable gloves to uplift package
Seal, label and secure
Exhibit should be uplifted, packaged and examined only by people wearing gloves and protective clothing
True
Sketches, notebooks, drawings must be completed prior to searching and uplifting material
True
What can establish MO at a crime scene
Fingerprints provide positive ID
How offender entered scene
What property removed or damaged
When and where offence occurred
False
True
True
True
What maybe subject to forensic scrutiny in serious crime.
Vehicle used as getaway car
Suspect located soon after incident
Shopkeeper who is victim of serious assault
Police interview
True
True
True
False
Managing hot zone
Display instructions about protective clothing
Establish transaction area from hot zone protection
Place guards to monitor hot zone entry and exit
Brief examiners on search strategy
True
True
False
True
OC exhibits responsibilities include
Checking an exhibit ____ is sealed and signed
Maintain a ____ of exhibit movement
Checking the _____ on each exhibit is complete
Checking the _____ is safety secured
Package
Log
Label
Collection
Adopt a search pattern assets to
Examine the end in a thorough and controlled manner
A reconstruction is a theory about what took place in a given area over a relevant period of time and how it is likely to have happened
True
Persons working in serious crime scene
Are directly briefed about zonal requirements
Use gloves to remove and package exhibits
Package exhibits in clean and dry containers
Work with haste to package and remove exhibits
True
True
True
False
What isn’t responsibly of OC exhibits
Establish the relevance of the exhibit to the enquires
Full protective clothing must be worn by anyone…
Examining exhibit found in the hot zone
Processing and exhibit collection in warm zone
Transitioning from warm to hot zone
Extending hot zone by way of stepping plates
True
False
True
True
What situation would most likely lead to cross contamination
When scene equipment is reused without cleaning
A common approach path to and from the crime scene is established to
Control access to the scene to prevent contamination
An exhibit schedule produced for court contains records
All material gathered for forensic analysis
Identification number allocated to each exhibit
Photographs and video
Only those exhibits collected at the crime scene
False
True
True
False
