10.3 Flashcards
motivation
factors that energize, direct, or sustain behavior
need
a state of biological or social deficiency
need hiearchy
Maslow’s arrangement of needs, in which basic survival needs must be met before people can satisfy higher needs.
self- actualization
a state that is achieved when one’s personal dreams and aspirations have been attained
drive
A psychological state that, by creating arousal, motivates an organism to satisfy a need.
homeostasis
The tendency for bodily functions to maintain equilibrium
habit
when a behavior constantly reduces a drive
incentives
External objects or external goals, rather than internal drives, that motivate behaviors.
Yerkes-Dodson law
The psychological principle that performance increases with arousal up to an optimal point, after which it decreases with increasing arousal.
pleasure principle
Sigmund Freud’s principle which drives people to seek pleasure and avoid pain
extrinsic motivation
Motivation to perform an activity because of the external goals toward which that activity is directed
*work to earn a paycheck
intrinsic motivation
motivation to perform an activity because of the value or pleasure associated with it
- learning just to learn and become knowledgeable
self-determination theory
people are motivated to satisfy needs for competence, relatedness to others, and autonomy, which is a sense of personal control
self-perception theory
people are seldom aware of their specific motives
*you believed you were thirsty because you drank the whole glass of water
self-regulation
people change their behavior to attain personal goals
