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Paul Mitchell Sherman Oaks > 102.B9 102.B10 > Flashcards

102.B9 102.B10 Flashcards

1
Q

Electricity

A

a form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles (such as electrons or protons), either statically as an accumulation of charge or dynamically as a current.

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2
Q

Electricity Current

A

the time rate of flow of electric charge, in the direction that a positive moving charge would take and having magnitude equal to the quantity of charge per unit time: measured in amperes.

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3
Q

Load

A

is an electrically powered appliance.

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4
Q

Conductor

A

• Materials that best transport electricity to a load
• Silver and copper are best
• Other metals, graphite, carbon, water-containing ions and
human body

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5
Q

Insulator

A

• Protect user from current
• Does not allow current to pass through them
• Silk, wood, plastic, rubber, glass, paper, brick, cloth, alcohol,
oil and pure distilled water

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6
Q

Amp

A
  • Unit of electric strength
  • Amp rating indicates number of electrons flowing on line
  • Power box to home supplies amps
  • Circuits will have 10, 20, 30 or greater amp ratings
  • 1 ampere = 1,000 milliamperes
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7
Q

Volt

A
  • Unit of electric pressure
  • Measures how hard electrons are pushed by source
  • 120V or 240V
  • 120/small appliances
  • 240/large motors
  • 240 plugs have v-shaped end
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8
Q

Ohm

A

• Unit of electric resistance
• Measures how difficult it is to push electrons through
conductor
• Size, material and temperature determine amount of
resistance in conductor

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9
Q

Watt

A
  • Measure of how much electrical energy (power) is being used per second
  • 1 watt = small amount of energy
  • Blow dryer = 1,000 watts per second
  • 1,000 watts = 1 kilowatt
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10
Q

Kilowatt

A

• 1,000 watts = 1 kilowatt

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11
Q

Galvanic current

A
  • Chemical effect caused by passing the current through particular acidic or alkaline solutions and/or by passing the current through body tissues and fluids
  • Oldest form of electrotherapy
  • Needs a special appliance to convert AC to DC
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12
Q

Microcurrent

A

Sends weak electrical signals into the body

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13
Q

High Frequency

A 
• High frequency current or “violet ray”
• Alternating current
• Oscillates at a high rate to produce heat and germicidal
reaction
• Can offer stimulation or relaxation
• Improved blood circulation
• Increased rate of metabolism
• Increased sebaceous gland activity
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14
Q

Phoresis

A

• Process of forcing an acid or alkali into the skin by applying
current to the chemical
• Most typical application of galvanic current

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15
Q

Anaphoresis

A
  • Negative pole
  • Produces alkaline reaction
  • Increases blood flow
  • Softens tissues
  • Stimulates nerves
  • Used for desincrustation
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16
Q

Cataphoresis

A
  • Positive pole

* Produces acidic reaction

17
Q

General Precautions

A
  • Always read manufacturer’s directions

* Electrodes should never touch each other

18
Q

Galvanic Precautions

A

• Usually highest intensity recommended for oily skin
• Low intensity for sensitive skin
• Make sure current is off before breaking contact with client
• Limit galvanic treatment to 4-7 minutes and 3-5 for sensitive
skin

19
Q

Micro-Current

A

• Treatment generally lasts no more than 30 minutes
• Use the timer to ensure equal time is given to both halves of
the face

20
Q

Laser

A

• An acronym for light amplification stimulation emission of
radiation
• Can be used to remove blood vessels, tattoos or wrinkles

21
Q

LED (Light-emitting diode)

A

• Used to reduce acne (blue light), increase circulation (red
light), reduce inflammation (yellow light) or reduce hyperpigmentation (green light)

22
Q

IPL (Intense pulse Light)

A

• Used to treat spider veins and rosacea

23
Q

Visible Light

A

The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum humans can see
• Red = Longest waves
• Violet = Shortest waves
• Fluorescent = Economical
o Problem for certain hair colors, such as blue or cool
tones
• Incandescent = Light bulb
o Closest sub for natural sunlight
• LED lamps – Longer life span and efficiency

24
Q

Invisible Light

A

• Over half of sunlight is composed of invisible rays beyond
red, which are called infrared
• A small percentage of natural sunlight is composed of
invisible light beyond violet, which is called ultraviolet

25
Q

Infrared Light

A

• Produces heat
• Exposure time ranges from 5-15 minutes
• Light must be placed at least 30” (76.2 cm) from the client’s
face
• Protective eyewear is required for the professional and
client

26
Q

Ultraviolet Light

A

• Can be more damaging than infrared light
• Short penetrating light in the spectrum, also known as
actinic light
• Produces both positive and negative effects on the skin,
depending on the exposure time
• Small dose of UV light can tan the skin and may help the
body produce vitamin D
• UV light is germicidal and can kill bacteria that cause skin
infections
Wear protective eyewear during UV light treatments.

27
Q

Light Therapy

A

Production of beneficial effects such as reducing acne through treatments using light rays or waves

28
Q

Electro therapy Precautions

A

• Begin with mild current, increasing slowly
• Keep client out of contact with metal during treatment
• Limit treatment duration to approximately 5 minutes for
direct application and 8-15 minutes for indirect
• If you use cream, it cannot contain alcohol
• Turn current on after client is holding electrode, and turn off
before removing electrode

29
Q

Heat Energy

A

Heat always moves from a hotter body to a cooler body and can be transferred from one object to another in one of three ways:
1. Conduction 2. Convection 3. Radiation
Mild heat: Relaxes
Intense heat: Destroys cells and tissues

30
Q

3 Methods for Using High Frequency

A
  1. Direct Application
    • Electrode applied directly to client’s scalp or face
    • Used for mild acne and/or blackhead treatment; scalp
    treatment
  2. Indirect Application
    • Glass electrode handed to client before activating
    current
    • Client holds electrode
    • Professional stimulates area manually
    • Used for dry skin facial treatment; dry scalp
  3. General Electrification
    • Electrode handed to client before activating current
    • Client experiences generalized tingling or vibration

Paul Mitchell Sherman Oaks (1 decks)

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