102.1: SIGNIFICANT EVENTS Flashcards
1
Q
When was the Marine Corps created?
A
November 10th, 1775
2
Q
1775
A
- USMC was created on 10 November 1775
- In Tun Tavern, Philadelphia, PA
- By resolution of the Continental Congress, “Raised 2 Battalions of Marines”
- Capt Samual Nicholas; Commander; traditionally considered 1st Commandant of the Marine Corps
1834 - USMC came under the DON
Nat. Security Act or 1947; amended in 1952; states the present structure
3
Q
1834
A
USMC came under the Dept of the Navy
4
Q
What year was the National Security Act amended?
A
1952; states the present structure
5
Q
1776
A
- 1st USMC landing
- Revolutionary War
- Invaded New Providance Island, Bahamas
- Seized guns and supplies
- “Leatherneck” nickname est. from UOD after stiff leather stock worn around neck
6
Q
1805
A
- Stormed the Barbary Pirates
7
Q
1847
A
- Mexican War
- Marines occupied “Halls of Montezuma”
- Battle of Chapultepec, Mexico City
- Royal Palace fell; among the 1st US troops to enter capital
- Marines also helped take California
8
Q
1859
A
- Under command of Col. Robert E Lee, US Army
- Marines stormed US arsenal at Harper’s Ferry
- put down attempted slave revolt
- lead by Abolitionist John Brown
9
Q
1868
A
- USMC adopted emblem EGA
- Brig. Gen. Jacob Zeilin, 7th Commandant; modified British Royal Marine emblem
- Depict Marines as American & Maritime
- Globe = worldwide service
- Anchor = sea traditions
- Spread Eagle = symbol of Nation itself
10
Q
1883
A
- Offifical motto of MC adopted
- “Semper Fidelis”
- Latin for “Always Faithful”
11
Q
1900
A
- Marines defended American Legation
- Peking, China
- Boxer Rebellion
12
Q
1913
A
- USMC est. aviation unit
- Maj. Alfred A Cunningham; 1st pilot
13
Q
1917
A
- Landed as part of American force in France
- Participated in 8 distinct operations
- Distinguished themselves
- Awarded # of decorations; French Fourragere
- Still worn by 5th & 6th Marines
14
Q
1933
A
- Reorganized into Fleet Marine Force
- formally est. “command & administrative relations” btwn Fleet & MC
- Marine Corps Equipment Board
- Est. In Quantico, VA
- Devoted long hours to testing/developing materials for landing ops & expeditionary service
15
Q
1965
A
- Landed in South Vietnam
- Committed MC to longest war in history
- Conducted numerous large-scale offensive ops
- Participated in Pacification Program designed to win over local populace
- Responded to attempted coup of local gov in Dominican Republic
- Evacuate/protect US citizens
- Formed core of multinational force that quickly restored peace
16
Q
1982
A
- Lebanon
- Part of a multinational peacekeeping force
- To restore peace & order to war-torn country
- Displayed Marine concept “Force in Readiness”
- 23 October 1983; suicide truck bomber attack on HQ bldg
- Killed 241 Americans
- wounded 70 others
- Last unit withdrew July 1984
17
Q
1991
A
- Operation Desert Storm
- Launched after Iraqi Gov. refused to comply with UN resolutions
- MC aviation heavily used; January 1991
- Massive bombing failed to dislodge Iraqi forces
- MC ground forces swept into Kuwait
- Liberated the country
- Caused severe damage to Iraqi military capacity
18
Q
2001
A
- Operation Enduring Freedom
- Official name used by US Gov for War in Afghanistan
- With 3 smaller military actions under umbrella of the GWOT
- 7 October 2001; early combat included mixed strikes signaling the start of OEF
- land-based B-1 Lancer, B-2 Spirit, B-52 Stratofortress bombers
- Carrier-based F-14 Tomcat, F/A-18 Hornet
- Tomahawk Cruise Missiles launched from US/British Ships & Subs
19
Q
2003
A
- 2003 Invasion of Iraq
- Mar 20th to May 1st
- led by the US
- Alongside the Kingdom
- Smaller contingents from Australia & Poland
20
Q
2004
1st Battle of Fallujah
A
- Operation Vigilant Resolve
- Unsuccessful attempt by US
