Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Microbiology and Parasitology > 1.02 Bacterial Morphology > Flashcards

1.02 Bacterial Morphology Flashcards

(83 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Observe LIVE microorganism without the use of stain

A

Phase contrast microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Microscopy where lighting system reaches the specimen from the SIDES only

A

Dark-field microscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Polysaccharide-containing material outside the cell that plays a role in resistance to dessication due to its ability to bind a significant amt of water

A

Glycocalyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bacteria that adheres tightly to tooth enamel

A

Streptococcus mutans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Well-defined layer that surrounds cells that excludes particles such as India ink

A

Capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Denotes VIRULENCE;

Main function is to EVADE PHAGOCYTES

A

Capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T/F. Klebsiella pneumoniae has a THICK capsule

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

T/F. Streptococcus pneumoniae has a THIN capsule

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

T/F. Haemophilus influenzae has a THIN capsule

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

T/F. Cryptococcus neoformans has a THIN capsule

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T/F. Some strains of E. coli have a THIN capsule

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Loosely attached glycocalyx that does not exclude particles and adheres to surfaces or to each other

A

Slime layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Causative agent of endocarditis

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cell wall of bacteria is made up of

A

Peptidoglycan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sites of major antigenic determinants of cell surface and determines bacterial shape

A

Cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Final color of a Gram + bacteria

A

Purple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Final color of a Gram (-) bacteria

A

Red/pink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe the peptidoglycan structure

A

NAG and NAM connected B(1–>4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Special components of Gram (+) cell wall

A

Teichoic acid & Polysaccharides (glucuronic, mannuronic acid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Component of Gram (+) cell wall responsible for negative charge of the cell surface

A

Teichoic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Type of teichoic acid that is covalently liked to PDG

A

Wall teichoic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Type of teichoic acid covalently linked to the membrane glycolipid

A

Membrane teichoic acid (Lipoteichoic acid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Constitute the major surface antigen of Gram (+) cell walls

A

Teichoic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Antigen of Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Forssmann antigen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Antigen of Streptococcus pyogenes
M protein
26
Special components of Gram (-) bacteria
Outer membrane (bilayer) Lipopolysaccharide Lipoprotein Periplasmic space
27
Special proteins in the outer membrane of Gram (-) bacteria that permit passive diffusion of low MW hydrophilic compounds
Porin proteins
28
Gives Gram (-) bacteria its high resistance to antibiotics
Outer membrane (bec. it slows down penetration of antibiotics)
29
Where endotoxin is found
Outer membrane
30
Protein that participates in achoring outer membrane to PDG layer
OmpA protein
31
3 regions of LPS of Gram (-) bacteria
``` Lipid A Polysaccharide Core Repeating unit (O-Ag polysaccharide) ```
32
The toxic component of LPS
Lipid A
33
Fatty acid comprising Lipid A
B-hydroxymyristic acid
34
This defines the antigenicity of the Gram (-) bacteria
Repeating units
35
Difference of septicemia and bacteremia
Septicemia - release of TOXIN | Bacteremia - presence of BACTERIA
36
Difference of EXOTOXIN and ENDOTOXIN
Endotoxin - non-specific effects | Exotoxin - more specific effects
37
Crosslinks outer memrbane and PDG layer in Gram (-)
Lipoprotein
38
Space between the inner and outer membrane that contains penicillinase and B=lactamase
Periplasmic space
39
T/F. Acid fast cell wall is characteristic of Mycobacteria and Nocardia
True
40
AFB contain large amounts of waxes, complex branched hydrocarbons known as
Mycolic acids
41
Some cell walls of archaea contain a rigid cell wall composed of polysaccharides or PDG called
Pseudomurein
42
Involves transport of sugar and movement towards carbon source
Group translocation
43
Gram (+)/(-). THICK PDG layer
+
44
Gram (+)/(-). Periplasm
-
45
Gram (+)/(-). LPS
-
46
Gram (+)/(-). Sensitivity to penicillin
+
47
Inclusion body produced when source of N, S, or P is limited
Poly-B-hydroxybutyric acid
48
Inclusion body that is formed when there is excess C
Glycogen
49
Inclusion body formed when oxidizing reduced S compounds such as H2S
Elemental sulfur
50
Inclusion body that is the accumulation of inorganic phosphates in the form of granules
Metachromatic granules
51
Characteristic granule of Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Babes-Ernst granules
52
Inclusion body that are intracellular crystal particles of iron mineral magnetite
Magnetosomes
53
Inclusion body that provide buoyancy
Gas vesicles
54
Bacteria with linear chromosome instead of circular (2)
Borrelia burgdorferi | Streptomyces coelicolor
55
Where bacterial genetic material is located
Nucleoid
56
Function of flagella
Motility
57
Antigenic portion of flagella that is usually the target of the immune response
H-antigen
58
Main function of pili
Adhesion
59
There are 2 classes of pili, namely:
Somatic - virulence factor | Sex pili - for bacterial conjugation
60
Main organ of locomotion of spriochetes
Axial filaments
61
Characteristic surface motility of pili
Twitching
62
Most common AEROBIC endospore-forming bacteria
Bacillus
63
Most common ANAEROBIC endospore-forming bacteria
Clostridium
64
Thickest layer of the spore envelope & is extremely sensitive to lysozyme
Cortex
65
Responsible for the relative resistance of spores to antibacterial chemical agents
Coat
66
Presence of this compound in the core layer of spores contributes to heat resistance
Calcium dipicolinate
67
Stain used for bacteria with high lipid content
Acid fast stain
68
Primary stain in acid fast stain
Carbol fuschin
69
Staining used to demonstrate capsules
Negative staining
70
T/F. Cryptococcus neoformans is India ink (+)
True
71
T/F. Klebsiella pneumonia is India ink (+)
True
72
Nucleoid stain makes use of
Feulgen stain
73
Single circular duplex DNA similar to bacterial genome that carry genes for the production of virulence factor
Plasmid
74
T/F. Transposons may contain toxin production or antibiiotic resistance
True
75
Movement of tranposons can cause what type of mutation
Insertion mutation
76
Genetically engineered plasmid
Recombinant plasmid
77
Transfer of DNA from one organism to another
Horizontal gene transfer
78
Inheritance of parental genes is called
Vertical inheritance
79
T/F. Low frequency HGT has been responsible for common mechanism of antibiotic resistance
True
80
Donor bacterium attaches to the bacterim recipient cell to transfer only one strand of DNA through sex pili
Conjufation
81
Phage-mediated genetic recombination in bacteria
Transduction
82
Major force in microbial evolution
Transformation
83
Direct uptake of DNA fragments or plasmid
Transformation

Microbiology and Parasitology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions