1.01 History And Development of Forensic Medicine

Question 1

Charles Greene Custom

Answer 1

“We can never be fully in possession of a science until we know the history of its development”

Question 2

Imhotep

Answer 2

• Chief justice and physician to King Zoser of Egypt
• First ever medico-legal expert
• First who recorded a report of murder trial written on a clay tablet

Question 3

Hammurabi

Answer 3

• Oldest code of law; included legistlation in adultery, rape, divorce, incest, abortion, and violence

Question 4

Dharmasastra

Answer 4

• Code of Manu - medico-legal principles
• 1st legal code of India
• Damaging medicinal plants = punishable
• Drunk, insane, hungry/thristy, fatigued, w/ defective sense organs = not allowed to be witnesses in court
• Children, old men, diseased persons, weak-minded = not considered reliable

Question 5

Aristotle

Answer 5

• Fixed animation of fetus at 40 days after conception
• Advocated abortion use
• Proposed a law preventing men over 70 and women over 5p to rear children to avoid babies with deformities

Question 6

Hippocrates

Answer 6

• Discussed lethality of wounds
• Separated medicine from religion
• (______) oath - includes promise not to administer poisons or to perform abortions

Question 7

Archimedes

Answer 7

• 1st forensic scientist
• Hiero II King of Syracuse wanted to check if his crown was legit gold; asked this person to detect adulteration without destroying the crown

Question 8

Antitius

Answer 8

• Examined Julius Caesar’s body

- Found 23 stab wounds with only 1 fatal wound (between 1st and 2nd ribs)

Question 9

Pliny the Elder

Answer 9

• Wrote on suspended animation, sudden natural death, and suicide
• Male corpses float face up, females face down

Question 10

Galen

Answer 10

• Described lung tissue before and after birth

Question 11

Sonnenkalb

Answer 11

• Introduced hydrostatic test for live birth

Question 12

Ambrose Pare

Answer 12

• Wrote a book on medico-legal reports, lightning strike dearhs, ante vs postmortem injuries, CO poisoning, and corrosives

Question 13

Severin Pineau

Answer 13

• Wrote on defloration, virginity, and the hymen

Question 14

Paulus Zacchias

Answer 14

• Major 7 book series “Questiones medico-legales”
• Father of Legal Medicine
• Physician to Pope Innocentius X and Pope Alexander VII

Question 15

Giovanni Battista Morgagni

Answer 15

• Dissected cadavers and compared pathological alterations
• Wrote a book on 640 post-mortem dissections
• Father of Modern Anatomical Pathology
• “Tacca colloquia effugiat risus. Hic locus est ubi mors gaudet succurrere vitae” = Let conversation cease, let laughter flee. This is the place where death delights to help the living

Question 16

Mathieu Joseph Bonaventure Orfila

Answer 16

• Traite des poisons
• Father of Toxicology
• Marie Lafarge murder case - killed husband with Arsenic, was found in his food but not on the body, figured out marsh test was performed incorrectly and found the arsenic on the body
• Microscopic analysis of blood and semen stains

Question 17

Johann Casper

Answer 17

• Published Forensic Dissection and Practical Manual of Forensic Medicine
• Published a handbook: _______’s Dictum of Putrefaction
• ______’s Lithograohic Plates

Question 18

Ambroise Auguste Tardieu

Answer 18

• Published Etudes - a monograph if forensic medicine

- ______’s spots in asphyxia deaths

Question 19

Alphonse Bertillon

Answer 19

• Police officer and biometric researcher
• 1st system of anthropometric identification
• Father of Criminal Detection
• Father of Forensic Medicine
• Created personal identification of body measurements

Question 20

Francoise Galton

Answer 20

• English Anthropometrist

- Introduced fingerprint identification

Question 21

Leone Lattes

Answer 21

• Blood typing of dried blood stains for suspect identification

Question 22

Edmond Locard

Answer 22

• Sherlock Holmes of France
• Exchange Principle - exchange of materials when 2 things come in contact; was used the local exchange principle for cyber security

Question 23

Calvin Goddard

Answer 23

• Used a comparison microscope to determine if a bullet was fired from a specific gun
• Father of Ballistics

Question 24

Thomas Noguchi

Answer 24

• Coroner of the Stars
• Examined Marilyn Monroe’s body and determined COD: phenobarbitone poisoning
• Recognized today as Dr. Henry Lee
• Forensic scientist in OJ Simpson trial
• Reinvestigation of JFK assassination

Question 25

Alec Jeffrey

Answer 25

- DNA Fingerprinting

Question 26

Lawrence Farwell

Answer 26

- Brain fingerprinting

Question 27

Forensic

Answer 27

- Anything belong to the court of law | - Any matter that is "pertaining to the law"

Question 28

Legal Medicine

Answer 28

- Application of medicine to legal cases

Question 29

Forensic Medicine

Answer 29

- Concerns with the application of medical science to elucidate legal problems

Question 30

Medical Jurisprudence

Answer 30

- Denotes knowledge of law in relation to the practice if medicine - Concerns with rights, duties, and obligations of a medical practioner with partical reference to those arising from PDRs

Question 31

Forensic Pathology

Answer 31

- Application of Patholgy to aid in the administraton of justice (in relation to the courts of law) - Refers to investigation of sudden, unnatural, unexplained or violent deaths - Branch of medicine that applies to principles and knowledge of medical sciences in the field of forensics - Investigates and determines cause and manner of death

Question 32

Pathology

Answer 32

- Study of the essential nature if disease(includes trauma) | - Examines and analyzes tissue samples to identify irregularities and diseases