101- FIRSTAID/SAFETY FUNDAMENTALS Flashcards
What is the concept of ORM?
Operational Risk Management - Decision making tool used by personnel at all levels to minimize risk to acceptable levels.
Name the 5 steps of ORM.
(I AM IS)
Identify Hazards, Assess Hazards, Make Risk Decisions, Implement Controls, and Supervise.
State the instruction that governs safety and mishap reporting.
OPNAVINST 5102.1D
Define Hazard Severity and the 4 categories of Hazard Severity.
An assessment of the potential consequence that can occur due to exposure to a hazard.
1-May cause death, loss of assets or cause grave damage to national interests.
2-May cause severe injury, illness, property damage or damage to national interests.
3-May cause minor injury, illness, property damage or damage to national interests.
4-Minimal threat to personnel safety, property and national interests.
Define mishap probability and 4 subcategories of mishap probability.
Assessment of the likelihood that a consequence may occur due to a hazard.
1-Likely to occur immediately or in a short period of time.
2-Probably will occur in time.
3-May occur in time.
4-Unlikely to occur, but not impossible.
Define RAC and list its categories.
RAC - Risk Assessment Code
1-Critical, 2-Serious, 3-Moderate, 4-Minor, 5-Negligible
Discuss the timeliness and means for filing mishap investigations reports.
Reports involving Class A mishaps and any mishaps that result in the hospitalization of 3 or more personnel must be submitted within 8 hours. All other reports must be submitted within 30 days.
Name the 4 required mishap reportable items.
- Government property damage mishaps.
- Civilian and military on/off-duty mishaps.
- Any work-related illness or injury
- Incidents of interest for mishap prevention purposes
State the purpose of a HAZREP message.
Submitted when the elimination and control of a given hazard has community-wide implication in reducing mishaps.
What are the 3 objectives of First Aid?
1-Save Lives
2-Prevent further injury
3-Prevent infection
What are the 3 methods of controlling bleeding?
1-Direct pressure
2-Pressure points
3-Constricting Bands
Identify 11 pressure points.
1-Temple, 2-Jaw, 3-Neck, 4-Shoulder (Collar Bone), 5-Above the Elbow, 6-Wrist, 7-Hand, 8-Groin, 9-Thigh, 10-Knee, 11-Ankle
Describe the symptoms and treatment for shock.
Symptoms: Cold skin, weak and rapid pulse, loss of consciousness.
Treatment: Keep person lying down and warm, head below feet to help blood flow to the brain.
What is the difference between Open and Closed fracture?
Open - bone is protruding through skin.
Closed - bone is cracked, but did not break the skin.
Describe the procedures necessary for personnel rescue as applied to electrical shock.
Do not touch victim’s body or anything conducting electricity. Try to turn off the source of electricity or use non-conducting object to separate the victim from the power source.
Describe the procedures necessary for treatment as applied to electrical shock.
Check Airway, Breathing, Circulation (ABC). If there is no pulse, administer CPR or artificial ventilation immediately.
Describe the methods of clearing an obstructed airway.
1-Standing Abdominal Thrust, 2-Reclining Abdominal Thrust, 3-Standing Chest Thrust, 4-Reclining Chest Thrust
Describe the effects and treatment of the following temperature related injuries:
a. Hypothermia
a. When the body reaches subnormal levels below 95 degrees. Treat by minimizing heat loss from the body.
Describe the effects and treatment of the following temperature related injuries:
b. Frostbite
b. Affected parts of the body turn stiff, pale, or freezes due to cold. Treat by re-warming the tissue.
Describe the effects and treatment of the following temperature related injuries:
c. Heat Stress
c. Increase in body temperature due to exposure to extreme heat or hot environments. The body is unable to cool itself by sweating. Heat stress can lead to Heat Exhaustion and Heat Stroke. Treat by removing individual from the environment.
Describe the effects and treatment of the following temperature related injuries:
d. Heat Exhaustion
d. Body temperature is 101.5 degrees and above. Skin looks gray, cold, moist and clammy. Treat victims as if they were in shock.
Describe the effects and treatment of the following temperature related injuries:
e. Heat Stroke
e. Body temperature is extremely high (105 degrees or higher), sweating mechanism breaks down. Treat by reducing body heat immediately.
Define HERO, HERP, and HERF.
HERO - Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance.
HERP - Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel.
HERF - Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Fuel.
Define HAZMAT.
Materials that have been deemed hazardous in or out of its normal state that can cause injury or death if inhaled, eaten, or exposed to skin.
