101 First Aid/Safety Fundamentals

Question 1

Discuss the concept of ORM

Answer 1

Operational Risk Management - decision making too used to make informed risk decisions and increase operational readiness by anticipating hazards.

Question 2

5 Steps of ORM

Answer 2

Identify hazards 
Assessing Hazards
Making Risk Decisions
Implement controls
Supervising

Question 3

Instruction that governs safety and mishap reporting

Answer 3

5102.1D

Question 4

4 Categories of Hazard severity are:

Answer 4

Category I - Hazard may cause death, loss of facility/asset or result in grave damage to national interests.

Category II - The hazard may cause severe injury, illness, property damage , damage to national or service interests or degradation to efficient use of assets.

Category III - The hazard may cause minor injury, illness, property damage, damage to national service or command interests or degradation to efficient use of assets.

Category IV The hazard presents a minimal threat to personnel safety or health property, national, service or command interests or efficient use of assets.

Question 5

Define Mishap Probability

Answer 5

An assessment of the likelihood that, given exposure to a hazard, an accident will result.

Question 6

4 Sub Categories of Mishap Probability

Answer 6

Sub-category A - Likely to occur immediately or within a short period of time.

Sub-category B - Probably will occur in time.

Sub-category C - May occur in time.

Sub-category D - Unlikely to occur

Question 7

Define RAC

Answer 7

Risk Assessment Code - risk associated with a hazard that combines the hazard severity and mishap probability

Question 8

5 RAC’s

Answer 8

1. Critical Risk
2. Serious Risk
3. Moderate Risk
4. Minor Risk
5. Negligible Risk

Question 9

All mishap reports must be submitted within how many days?

Answer 9

30 days of mishap occurrence

Question 10

State the three objectives of first aid

Answer 10

1. Save Lives
2. Prevent Further Injury
3. Prevent Infection

Question 11

State the three methods of controlling bleeding

Answer 11

1. Direct Pressure
2. Pressure Points
3. Tourniquet

Question 12

Identify the 11 pressure points

Answer 12

1. ankle
2. Pelvic area
3. Wrist
4. Below bicep
5. Base of neck x 2 one on the common carotid, one inside the collar bone
6. jaw line
7. In front of the top of the ear
8. inside of elbow
9. Inner thigh
10. Behind knee

Question 13

Describe the differences of open and closed fractures

Answer 13

Open is when the bone protrudes from the skin

Closed fracture is one in which the skin remains intact

Question 14

Describe the symptoms and treatment for shock

Answer 14

Shock is disruption of the circulatory system. poor supply of oxygen to the brain.
Symptoms:
-vacant or lackluster eyes
-shallow or irregular breathing
-cold pale skin
-nausea
-a weak or absent pulse

Treatment:
Lay victim down with feet elevated 6-12 inches. Cover them to maintain body heat. Reassure and calm the victim, if conscious.

Question 15

Describe methods for clearing an onstucted airway.

Answer 15

1. Standing abdominal thrust
2. Reclining abdominal thrust
3. Standing chest thrust
4. Reclining chest thrust

Question 16

What is Hypothermia

Answer 16

A general cooling of the whole body caused by rapid falling temperature, or cold moisture.
Symptoms:
May appear pale and unconscious
breathing is slow and shallow
faint pulse or even undetectable

Question 17

What is frostbite? (2 types)

Answer 17

Superficial - Ice cristals forming in the upper skin layers after exposure to a temperature of 32 degrees or lower.
Deep Frostbite - Ice Cristals forming in the deeper tissues after exposure to 32 < degrees.

Question 18

What is Heat Stress?

Answer 18

When body is unable to cool itself by sweating

Question 19

Heat Exhaustion

Answer 19

(heat prostration or heat collapse) Produces a serious disruption of blood flow to the brain, heart, and lungs.

Symptoms:
Victim will appearl ashen gray
skin is cold, moist and clammy
dialated pupils
may have weak pulse w/rapid and shallow breathing.
body temp below normal

Treatment:
Loosen clothing
apply cool, wet cloths
move victim to cool area
DO NOT allow person to become chilled
if victim is conscious, administer a solution of 1 teaspoon of salt dissolved in a quart of cool water.

Question 20

Heat Stroke

Answer 20

More serious than heat exhaustion
20% mortality rate
extremely high body temperature (105_F)

Symptoms:
Headache
nausea
dizziness
weakness
rapid breathing
flushed, very dry and very hot
constricted pupils

Treatment:
Douse body in cold water or apply wet cold towels on whole body
move to coolest possible place and maintain open airways
cold packs under arms

Question 21

HERP

Answer 21

Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel

Question 22

HERF

Answer 22

Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Fuel

Question 23

HAZMAT

Answer 23

Hazardous material is any item or agent w/potential to cause harm to humans animals or environment.

Question 24

Information a MSDS provides

Answer 24

Identity
Hazardous ingredients
Physical and chemical characteristics
Physical Hazards
Reactivity
Health Hazards 
Precautions for safe handling and use
Control measures
routes of entry into the body
Emergency and first-aid procedures or exposure

Question 25

Information an MSDS provides

Answer 25

Identity
Hazardous ingredients
Physical and chemical characteristics
Physical Hazards
Reactivity
Health Hazards 
Precautions for safe handling and use
Control measures
routes of entry into the body
Emergency and first-aid procedures or exposure