101 Bioenergetcis Flashcards
What is entropy?
a measure of disorder, it is energy that cannot be reused and it is the dispersal/diffusion of energy
-the ACTUAL meaning is that energy tends to be dispersed, i.e., any spontaneous process will result in an increase in entropy of the whole universe
Metabolic pathways that are energy producing are called? (
catabolic pathways or catabolism. this degrades molecules to produce energy
Pathways that use energy to build complex structures are called?
Anabolic pathways or anabolism. They use energy to build
What is a metabolic pathway?
a series of reactions that can be either catabolic or anabolic in function
In a living system, what is the main source of energy used to reverse the trend of entropy?
the sun/sunlight
For living systems, that have no access to sunlight, what is the main source of energy used to reverse entropy?
thermal energy
What does thermodynamics describe?
describes the behavior of matter as well as the transformation between different forms of energy ( The flow of matter and energy through systems)
What is a system?
a definite region of space w/in a real or imaginary boundary e..g., cell, an organelle, the contents of a breaker
what is meant by surroundings?
everything else outside the system
What is meant by universe
the system + surroundings
are biological systems open, closed, or isolated?
can be all three but biological systems that are not open would be thermodynamically dead
How does energy and matter move in an isolated system?
there is no movement of energy or matter w/its surroundings
How does energy and matter move in a closed system?
there is no exchange of matter but there is exchange of energy with system surrounds
How does energy and matter move in an open system?
can exchange both matter and energy w/surroundings
What is deltaH?
the change in enthalpy, which measures the amount of heat. It also measures the difference in number of bonds and strength of those bonds between the substrate and products
What is the basic equation n bioenergetics of deltaG?
DeltaG=DeltaH-T(DeltaS)