101 a 200

Question 1

On performing a risk assessment, you need to determine the potential impacts when some of the critical business process of the company interrupt its service. What is the name of the process by which you can determine those critical business?

Answer 1

Business Impact Analysis (BIA)

Question 2

Assume a business-crucial web-site of some company that is used to sell handsets to the customers worldwide. All the developed components are reviewed by the security team on a monthly basis. In order to drive business further, the web-site developers decided to add some 3rd party marketing tools on it. The tools are written in JavaScript and can track the customer’s activity on the site. These tools are located on the servers of the marketing company. What is the main security risk associated with this scenario?

Answer 2

External script contents could be maliciously modified without the security team knowledge

Question 3

What type of analysis is performed when an attacker has partial knowledge of inner-workings of the application?

Answer 3

Grey-box

Question 4

Bob finished a C programming course and created a small C application to monitor the network traffic and produce alerts when any origin sends “many” IP packets, based on the average number of packets sent by all origins and using some thresholds. In concept, the solution developed by Bob is actually:

Answer 4

Just a network monitoring tool

Question 5

Which of the following is a low-tech way of gaining unauthorized access to systems?

Answer 5

Social engineering

Question 6

When tuning security alerts, what is the best approach?

Answer 6

Tune to avoid false positives and false negatives

Question 7

In an internal security audit, the white hat hacker gains control over a user account and attempts to acquire access to another account’s confidential files and information. How can he achieve this?

Answer 7

Privilege escalation

Question 8

Which regulation defines security and privacy controls for Federal information systems and organizations?

Answer 8

NIST-800-53

Question 9

Your company performs penetration tests and security assessments for small and medium-sized business in the local area. During a routine security assessment, you discover information that suggests your client is involved with human trafficking. What should you do?

Answer 9

Inmediately stop work and contact the proper legal authorities

Question 10

You are a security officer of a company. You had an alert from IDS that indicates that one PC on your Intranet is connected to a blacklisted IP address (C2 Server) on the Internet. The IP address was blacklisted just before the alert. You are staring an investigation to roughly analyze the severity of the situation. Which of the following is appropriate to analyze?

Answer 10

Internet Firewall/proxy log

Question 11

Identify the UDP port that Network Time Protocol (NTP) uses as its primary means of communication?

Answer 11

123

Question 12

It has been reported to you that someone has caused an information spillage on their computer. You go to the computer, disconnect it from the network, remove the keyboard and mouse, and power it down. What step in incident handling did you just complete?

Answer 12

Containment

Question 13

Which of the following cryptography attack is an understatement for the extraction of cryptographic secrets (e.g. the password to an encrypted file) from a person by a coercion or torture?

Answer 13

Rubber Hose Attack

Question 14

In cryptanalysis and computer security, ‘pass the hash’ is a hacking technique that allows an attacker to authenticate to a remote server/service by using the underlying NTLM and/or LanMan hash of a user’s password, instead of requiring the associated plaintext password as is normally the case. Metasploit Framework has a module for this technique: psexec. The psexec module is often used by penetration testers to obtain access to a given system whose credentials are known. It was written by sysinternals and has been integrated within the framework. The penetration testers successfully gain access to a system through some exploit, use meterpreter to grab the passwords or other methods like fgdump, pwdump, or cachedump and then utilize rainbowtables to crack those hash values. Which of the following is true hash type and sort order that is used in the psexec module’s ‘smbpass’ option?

Answer 14

LM:NT

Question 15

You are looking for SQL injection vulnerability by sending a special character to web applications. Which of the following is the most useful for quick validation?

Answer 15

Single quotation

Question 16

A virus that attempts to install itself inside the file it is infecting is called?

Answer 16

Cavity virus

Question 17

Bob, a system administrator at TPNQM SA, concluded one day that a DMZ is not needed if he properly configures the firewall to allow access just to servers/ports, which can have direct internet access, and block the access to workstations. Bob also concluded that DMZ makes sense just when a stateful firewall is available, which is not the case of TPNQM SA. In this context, what can you say?

Answer 17

Bob is totally wrong. DMZ is always relevant when the company has internet servers and workstations

Question 18

Sam is working as a pen-tester in an organization in Houston. He performs penetration testing on IDS in order to find the different ways an attacker uses to evade the IDS. Sam sends a large amount of packets to the target IDS that generates alerts, which enable Sam to hide the real traffic. What type of method is Sam using to evade IDS?

Answer 18

False positive generation

Question 19

Cross-site request forgery involves:

Answer 19

A browser making a request to a server without the user’s knowledge

Question 20

Ping -* 6 192.168.0.101
output
Pinging 192.168.0.101 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.0.101: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.101: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.101: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.101: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.101: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Reply from 192.168.0.101: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=128
Ping statistics for 192.168.0.101:
Packets: Sent=6, Received=6; Lost=0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum=0ms, Maximum=0ms, Average=0ms

What does the option * indicate?

Answer 20

n

Question 21

An Internet Service Provider (ISP) has a need to authenticate users connecting via analog modems, Digital Subscriber Lines (DSL), wireless data services, and Virtual Private Networks (VPN) over a Frame Relay network. Which AAA protocol is the most likely able to handle this requirement?

Answer 21

RADIUS

Question 22

What network security concept requires multiple layers of security controls to be placed throughout an IT infrastructure, which improves the security posture of an organization to defend against malicious attacks or potential vulnerabilities? What kind of Web application vulnerability likely exists in their software?

Answer 22

Defense in depth

Question 23

During the process of encryption and decryption, what keys are shared?

Answer 23

Public keys

Question 24

How does the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) work?

Answer 24

It sends a request packet to all the network elements, asking for the MAC address from a specific IP

Question 25

Which mode of IPSec should you use to assure security and confidentiality of data within the same LAN?

Answer 25

ESP transport mode

Question 26

What type of analysis is performed when an attacker has partial knowledge of inner-workings of the application?

Answer 26

Grey-box

Question 27

A regional bank hires your company to perform a security assessment on their network after a recent data breach. The attacker was able to steal financial data from the bank by compromising only a single server. Based on this information, what should be one of your key recommendations to the bank?

Answer 27

Place a front-end web server in a demilitarized zone that only handles external web traffic

Question 28

You want to do an ICMP scan on a remote computer using hping2. What is the proper syntax?

Answer 28

hping2 -1 host.domain.com

Question 29

If executives are found liable for not properly protecting their company’s assets and information systems, what type of law would apply in this situation?

Answer 29

Civil

Question 30

The company ABC recently contract a new accountant. The accountant will be working with the financial statements. Those financial statements need to be approved by the CFO and then they will be sent to the accountant but the CFO is worried because he wants to be sure that the information sent to the accountant was not modified once he approved it. What is the following options can be useful to ensure the integrity of the data?

Answer 30

The CFO can use a hash algorithm in the document once he approved the financial statements

Question 31

What is the way to decide how a packet will move from an untrusted outside host to a protected inside that is behind a firewall, which permits the hacker to determine which ports are open and if the packets can pass through the packet-filtering of the firewall?

Answer 31

Firewalking

Question 32

What type of OS fingerprinting technique sends specially crafted packets to the remote OS and analyzes the received response?

Answer 32

Active

Question 33

Firewalk has just completed the second phase (the scanning phase) and a technician receives the output shown below. What conclusions can be drown based on these scan results? TCP port 21 – no response TCP port 22 – no response TCP port 23 – Time-to-live exceeded

Answer 33

The scan on port 23 passed through the filtering device. This indicates that port 23 was not blocked at the firewall

Question 34

A computer science student needs to fill some information into a secured Adobe PDF job application that was received from a prospective employer. Instead of requesting a new document that allowed the forms to be completed, the student decides to write a script that pulls passwords from a list of commonly used passwords to try against the secured PDF until the correct password is found or the list is exhausted. Which cryptography attack is the student attempting?

Answer 34

Dictionary-attack

Question 35

``` A penetration tester is conducting a port scan on a specific host. The tester found several ports opened that were confusing in concluding the Operating System (OS) version installed. Considering that NMAP result below, which of the following is likely to be installed on the target machine by the OS? Starting NMAP 5.21 at 2011-03-15 11:06 NMAP scan report for 172.16.40.65 Host is up (1.00s latency). Not shown: 993 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE 21/tcp open ftp 23/tcp open telnet 80/tcp open http 139/tcp open netbios-ssn 515/tcp open 631/tcp open ipp 9100/tcp open MAC Address: 00:00:48:0D:EE:8 ```

Answer 35

The host is likely a printer

Question 36

Bob received this text message on his mobile phone: “Hello, this is Scott Smelby from the Yahoo Bank. Kindly contact me for a vital transaction on: scottsmelby@yahoo.com”. Which statement below is true?

Answer 36

This is a scam as everybody can get a @yahoo address, not the Yahoo customer service employees

Question 37

When purchasing a biometric system, one of the considerations that should be reviewed is the processing speed. Which of the following best describes what it is meant by processing?

Answer 37

The amount of time it takes to be either accepted or rejected from when an individual provides identification and authentication information

Question 38

An attacker changes the profile information of a particular user (victim) on the target website. The attacker uses this string to update the victim’s profile to a text file and then submit the data to the attacker’s database. What is this type of attack (that can use either HTTP GET or HTTP POST) called?

Answer 38

Cross-site Request Forgery

Question 39

An attacker with access to the inside network of a small company launches a successful STP manipulation attack. What will he do next?

Answer 39

He will create a SPAN entry on the spoofed root bridge and redirect traffic to his computer

Question 40

Which access control mechanism allows for multiple systems to use a central authentication server (CAS) that permits users to authenticate once and gain access to multiple systems?

Answer 40

Single sign-on

Question 41

To reach a bank web site, the traffic from workstations must pass through a firewall. You have been asked to review the firewall configuration to ensure that workstations in network 10.10.10.0/24 can only reach the bank web site 10.20.20.1 using https. Which of the following firewall rules meets this requirement?

Answer 41

If (source matches 10.10.10.0/24 and destination matches 10.20.20.1 and port matches 443) then permit

Question 42

If there is an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) in intranet, which port scanning technique cannot be used?

Answer 42

TCP SYN

Question 43

There are several ways to gain insight on how a cryptosystem works with the goal of reverse engineering the process. A term describes when two pieces of data result in the value is?

Answer 43

Collision

Question 44

A security Engineer at a medium-sized accounting firm has been tasked with discovering how much information can be obtained from the firm's public facing web servers. The engineer decides to start by using netcat to port 80. The engineer receives this output: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Server: Microsoft-IIS/6 Expires: Tue, 17 Jan 2011 01:41:33 GMT Date: Mon, 16 Jan 2011 01:41:33 GMT Content-Type: text/html Accept-Ranges: bytes Last-Modified: Wed, 28 Dec 2010 15:32:21 GMT ETag: "b0aac0542e25c31:89d" Content-Length: 7369 Which of the following is an example of what the engineer performed?

Answer 44

Banner grabbing

Question 45

A large company intends to use Blackberry for corporate mobile phones and a security analyst is assigned to evaluate the possible threats. The analyst will use the Blackjacking attack method to demonstrate how an attacker could circumvent perimeter defenses and gain access to the Prometric Online Testing – Reports https://ibt1.prometric.com/users/custom/report_queue/rq_str... corporate network. What tool should the analyst use to perform a Blackjacking attack?

Answer 45

BBProxy

Question 46

What attack is used to crack passwords by using a precomputed table of hashed passwords?

Answer 46

Rainbow table attack

Question 47

The configuration allows a wired or wireless network interface controller to pass all traffic it receives to the Central Processing Unit (CPU), rather than passing only the frames that the controller is intended to receive. Which of the following is being described?

Answer 47

Promiscuous mode

Question 48

A network administrator discovers several unknown files in the root directory of his Linux FTP server. One of the files is a tarball, two are shell script files, and the third is a binary file is named "nc." The FTP server's access logs show that the anonymous user account logged in to the server, uploaded the files, and extracted the contents of the tarball and ran the script using a function provided by the FTP server's software. The "ps" command shows that the "nc" file is running as process, and the netstat command shows the "nc" process is listening on a network port. What kind of vulnerability must be present to make this remote attack possible?

Answer 48

File system permissions

Question 49

When you are testing a web application, it is very useful to employ a proxy tool to save every request and response. You can manually test every request and analyze the response to find vulnerabilities. You can test parameter and headers manually to get more precise results than if using web vulnerability scanners. What proxy tool will help you find web vulnerabilities?

Answer 49

Burpsuite

Question 50

By using a smart card and pin, you are using a two-factor authentication that satisfies

Answer 50

Something you have and something you know

Question 51

Cryptography is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties (called adversaries). More generally, it is about constructing and analyzing protocols that overcome the influence of adversaries and that are related to various aspects in information security such as data confidentially, data integrity, authentication, and non repudiation. Modern cryptography intersects the disciplines of mathematics, computer science, and electrical engineering. Applications of cryptography include ATM cards, computer passwords, and electronic commerce. Basic example to understand how cryptography works is given below: SECURE (plain text) +1 (+1 next letter.for example , the letter''''T'''' is used for "S" to encrypt.) TFDVSF (encrypted text) +=logic=>Algorithm 1=Factor=>Key Which of the following choices true about cryptography?

Answer 51

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) use asymmetric encryption both (public/private key pair) to deliver the shared session key and to achieve a communication way

Question 52

What is the difference between the AES and RSA algorithms?

Answer 52

RSA is asymmetric, which is used to create a public/private key pair; AES is symmetric, which is used to encrypt data

Question 53

In 2007, this wireless security algorithm was rendered useless by capturing packets and discovering the passkey in a matter of seconds. This security flaw led to a network invasion of TJ Maxx and data theft through a technique known as wardriving. Which Algorithm is this referring to?

Answer 53

Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)

Question 54

You are an Ethical Hacker who is auditing the ABC company. When you verify the NOC one of the machines has 2 connections, one wired and the other wireless. When you verify the configuration of this Windows system you find two static routes. route add 10.0.0.0 mask 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.1 route add 0.0.0.0 mask 255.0.0.0 199.168.0.1 What is the main purpose of those static routes?

Answer 54

The first static route indicates that the internal addresses are using the internal gateway and the second static route indicates that all the traffic that is not internal must go to an external gateway.

Question 55

An incident investigator asks to receive a copy of the event logs from all firewalls, proxy servers, and Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) on the network of an organization that has experienced a possible breach of security. When the investigator attempts to correlate the information in all of the logs, the sequence of many of the logged events do not match up. What is the most likely cause?

Answer 55

The network devices are not all synchronized.

Question 56

An attacker is using nmap to do a ping sweep and a port scanning in a subnet of 254 addresses. In which order should he perform these steps?

Answer 56

First the ping sweet to identify live hosts and then the port scan on the live hosts. This way he saves time.

Question 57

Look at the following output. What did the hacker accomplish? ;<<>> DiG 9.7.-P1 <<>> axfr domam.com @192.168.1.105 ;; global options; +cmd domain.com. 3600 IN SOA srv1.domain.com. hostsrv1.domain.com. 131 900 600 86400 3600 domain.com. 600 IN A 192.168.1.102 domain.com. 600 IN A 192.168.1.105 domain.com. 3600 IN NS srv1.domain.com. domain.com. 3600 IN NS srv2.domain.com. vpn.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.1 server.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.3 office.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.4 remote.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.48 support.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.47 ns1.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.41 ns2.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.42 ns3.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.34 ns4.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.45 srv1.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.102 srv2.domain.com. 3600 IN A 192.168.1.105 domain.com. 3600 INSOA srv1.domain.com. hostsrv1.domain. 131 900 600 86400 3600 ;; Query time: 269 msec ;; SERVER: 192.168.1.105#53(192.168.1.105) ;; WHEN: Sun Aug 11 20:07:59 2013 ;; XFR size: 65 records (messages 65, bytes 4501)

Answer 57

The hacker successfully transferred the zone and enumerated the hosts

Question 58

Which tier in the N-tier application architecture is responsible for moving and processing data between the tiers?

Answer 58

Logic tier

Question 59

An enterprise recently moved to a new office and the new neighborhood is a little risky. The CEO wants to monitor the physical perimeter and the entrance doors 24 hours. What is the best option to do this job?

Answer 59

Install a CCTV with cameras pointing to the entrance doors and the street

Question 60

Bob learned that his username and password for a popular game has been compromised. He contacts the company and resets all the information. The company suggests he use two-factor authentication; which option below offers that?

Answer 60

A fingerprint scanner and his username and password

Question 61

A bank stores and processes sensitive privacy information related to home loans. However, auditing has never been enabled on the system. What is the first step that the bank should take before enabling the audit feature?

Answer 61

Determine the impact of enabling the audit feature

Question 62

``` Which of the following Nmap commands will produce the following output? Output: Staring Nmap 6.47 (http://nmap.org) at 2015-05-26 12:50 EDT Nmap scan report for 192.168.1.1 Host is up (0.00042s latency) Not shown: 65530 open | filtered ports, 65529 filtered ports PORT STATE SERVICE 111/tcp open rpcbind 999/tcp open garcon 1017/tcp open unknown 1021/tcp open exp1 1023/tcp open netvenuechat 2049/tcp opn nfs 17501/tcp open unknown 111/udp open rpcbind 123/udp open ntp 137/udp open netbios-ns 2049/udp open zeroconf 17501/udp open|filtered unknown 51857/udp open|filtered unknown 54358/udp open|filtered unknown 56228/udp open|filtered unknown 57598/udp open|filtered unknown 59488/udp open|filtered unknown 60027/udp open|filtered unknown ```

Answer 62

nmap -sS -sU -Pn -p 1-65535 192.168.1.1

Question 63

As an Ethical Hacker you are capturing traffic from your customer network with Wireshark and you need to find and verify just SMTP traffic. What command in Wireshark will help you to find this kind of traffic?

Answer 63

tcp.port eq 25

Question 64

Which of the following programs is usually targeted at Microsoft Office products?

Answer 64

Macro virus

Question 65

A new wireless client is configured to join a 802.11 network. This client uses the same hardware and software as many of the other clients on the network. The client can see the network, but cannot connect. A wireless packet sniffer shows that the Wireless Access Point (WAP) is not responding to the association requests being sent by the wireless client. What is a possible source of this problem?

Answer 65

The WAP does not recognize the client's MAC address

Question 66

What is correct about digital signatures?

Answer 66

A digital signature cannot be moved from one signed document to another because it is the hash of the original document encrypted with the private key of signing party

Question 67

What does a firewall check to prevent particular ports and applications from getting packets into an organization?

Answer 67

Transport layer port numbers and application layer headers

Question 68

``` Which of the following programming languages is most susceptible to buffer overflow attacks, due to its lack of a built-in bounds checking mechanism? Code: #include int main (){ char buffer[8]; strcpy(buffer, ""11111111111111111111111111111""); } Output: Segmentation fault ```

Answer 68

C++

Question 69

Scenario: 1. Victim opens the attacker's web site. 2. Attacker sets up a web site which contains interesting and attractive content like 'Do you want to make $1000 in a day?'. 3. Victim clicks to the interesting and attractive content URL. 4. Attacker creates a transparent 'iframe' in front of the URL which victim attempts to click, so victim thinks that he/she clicks to the 'Do you want to make $1000 in a day?' url but actually he/she clicks to the content or UPL that exists in the transparent 'iframe' which is setup by the attacker. What is the name of the attack which is mentioned in the scenario?

Answer 69

Clickjacking attack

Question 70

John the Ripper is a technical assessment tool used to test the weakness of which of the following?

Answer 70

Passwords

Question 71

A tester has been hired to do a web application security test. The tester notices that the site is dynamic and must make use of a back end database. In order for the tester to see if SQL injection is possible, what is the first character that the tester should use to attempt breaking a valid SQL request?

Answer 71

Single quote

Question 72

You have successfully compromised a machine on the network and found a server that is alive on the same network. You tried to ping it but you didn't get any response back. What is happening?

Answer 72

ICMP could be disabled on the target server

Question 73

A large mobile telephony and data network operator has a data center that houses network elements. These are essentially large computers running on Linux. The perimeter of the data center is secured with firewalls and IPS systems. What is the best security policy concerning this setup?

Answer 73

Network elements must be hardened with user ids and strong passwords. Regular security tests and audits should be performed

Question 74

Which of the following incident handling process phases is responsible for defining rules, collaborating human workforce, creating a back-up plan, and testing the plans for an organization?

Answer 74

Preparation phase

Question 75

The following is part of a log file taken from the machine on the network with the IP address of 192.168.1.106: Time:Mar 13 17:30:15 Port:20 Source.192.168.1.103 Destination:192.1681.106 Protocol:TCP Time:Mar 13 17:30:17 Port:21 Source.192.168.1.103 Destination:192.1681.106 Protocol:TCP Time:Mar 13 17:30:19 Port:22 Source.192.168.1.103 Destination:192.1681.106 Protocol:TCP Time:Mar 13 17:30:21 Port:23 Source.192.168.1.103 Destination:192.1681.106 Protocol:TCP Time:Mar 13 17:30:22 Port:25 Source.192.168.1.103 Destination:192.1681.106 Protocol:TCP Time:Mar 13 17:30:23 Port:80 Source.192.168.1.103 Destination:192.1681.106 Protocol:TCP Time:Mar 13 17:30:30 Port:443 Source.192.168.1.103 Destination:192.1681.106 Protocol:TCP What type of activity has been logged?

Answer 75

Port scan targeting 192.168.1.106

Question 76

A security analyst is performing an audit on the network to determine if there are any deviations from the security policies in place. The analyst discovers that a user from the IT department had a dial-out modem installed. Which security policy must the security analyst check to see if dial-out modems are allowed?

Answer 76

Remote-access policy

Question 77

Which of the following areas is considered a strength of symmetric key cryptography when compared with asymmetric algorithms?

Answer 77

Speed

Question 78

Which type of security feature stops vehicles from crashing through the doors of a building?

Answer 78

Bollards

Question 79

Which of the following viruses tries to hide from anti virus programs by actively altering and corrupting the chosen service call interruptions when they are being run?

Answer 79

Stealth/Tunneling virus

Question 80

Which of the following is considered an exploit framework and has the ability to perform automated attacks on services, ports, applications an unpatched security flaws in a computer system?

Answer 80

Metasploit

Question 81

You want to analyze packets on your wireless network. Which program would you use?

Answer 81

Wireshark with airpcap

Question 82

Jimmy is standing outside a secure entrance to a facility. He is pretending to have a tense conversation on his cell phone as an authorized employee badges in. Jimmy, while still on the phone, grabs the door as it begins to close. What just happened?

Answer 82

Tailgating

Question 83

What is the most secure way to mitigate the theft of corporate information from a laptop that was left in a hotel room?

Answer 83

Encrypt the data on the hard drive

Question 84

In both pharming and phishing attacks an attacker can create websites that look similar to legitimate sites with the intent of collecting personal identifiable information from its victims. What is the difference between pharming and phishing attacks?

Answer 84

In a pharming attack a victim is redirected to a fake website by modifying their host configuration file or by exploiting vulnerabilities in DNS. In a phishing attack an attacker provides the victim with a URL that is either misspelled or looks similar to the actual websites domain name.

Question 85

What is the role of test automation in security testing?

Answer 85

It can accelerate benchmark tests and repeat them with a consistent test setup. But it cannot replace manual testing completely

Question 86

A hacker has successfully infected an internet-facing server which he will then use to send junk mail, take part in coordinated attacks, or host junk email content. Which sort of trojan infects this server?

Answer 86

Botnet trojan

Question 87

In order to have an anonymous Internet surf, which of the following is best choice?

Answer 87

Use Tor network with multi-node

Question 88

In which phase of the ethical hacking process can Google hacking be employed? This is a technique that involves manipulating a search string with specific operators to search for vulnerabilities. Example: allintitle: root passwd

Answer 88

Reconnaissance

Question 89

Todd has been asked by the security officer to purchase a counter-based authentication system. Which of the following best describes this type of system?

Answer 89

An authentication system that creates one-time passwords that are encrypted with secret keys

Question 90

How can rainbow tables be defeated?

Answer 90

Password salting

Question 91

The network in ABC company is using the network address 192.168.1.64 with mask 255.255.255.192. In the network the servers are in the addresses 192.168.1.122, 192.168.1.123 and 192.168.1.124. An attacker is trying to find those servers but he cannot see them in his scanning. The command he is using is: nmap 192.168.1.64/28 Why he cannot see the servers?

Answer 91

He is scannig from 192.168.1.64 to 192.168.1.78 because of the mask /28 and the servers are not in that range

Question 92

In many states sending spam is illegal. Thus, the spammers have techniques to try and ensure that no one knows they sent the spam out to thousands of users at a time. Which of the following best describes what spammers use to hide the origin of these types of e mails?

Answer 92

Mail relaying, which is a technique of bouncing e-mail from internal to external mails servers continuously.

Question 93

``` Emil uses nmap to scan two hosts using this command: nmap -sS -T4 -O 192.168.99.1 192.168.99.7 He receives this output: Nmap scan report for 192.168.99.1 Host is up (0.00082s latency) Not shown: 994 filtered ports PORT STATE SERVICE 21/tcp open ftp 23/tcp open telnet 53/tcp open domain 80/tcp open http 161/tcp closed snmp MAC Address: B0:75:D5:33:57:74(ZTE) Device type: general purpose Running: Linux 2.6.X OS CPE: ce:/o:linux:linux_kernel:2.6 OS details: Linux 2.6.9 - 2.6.33 Network distance: 1 hop ``` Nmap scan report for 192.168.99.7 Host is up (0.000047 latency) All 1000 scanned ports on 192.168.99.7 are closed Too many fingerprints match this host to give specific OS details Network distance: 0 hops What is his conclusion?

Answer 93

He performed a SYN scan and OS scan on hosts 192.168.99.1 and 192.168.99.7

Question 94

Port scanning can be used as part of a technical assessment to determine network vulnerabilities. The TCP XMAS scan is used to identify listening ports on the targeted system. If a scanned port is open, what happens?

Answer 94

The port wil ignore the packets

Question 95

Which Metasploit Framework tool can help penetration tester for evading Anti-virus Systems?

Answer 95

msfencode

Question 96

Which of the following is a passive wireless packet analyzer that works on Linux-based systems?

Answer 96

Kismet

Question 97

Which service in a PKI will vouch for the identity of an individual or company?

Answer 97

CA

Question 98

What mechanism in Windows prevents a user from accidentally executing a potentially malicious batch (.bat) or PowerShell (.ps1) script?

Answer 98

Data Execution Prevention (DEP)

Question 99

Seth is starting a penetration test from inside the network. He hasn’t been given any information about the network. What type of test is he conducting?

Answer 99

Internal, blackbox

Question 100

``` #!/usr/bin/python import socket buffer=["'A""] counter=50 while len(buffer)<=100: buffer.append(""A""*counter) counter=counter+50 com- mands=[""HELP"",""STATS."",""RTIME."",""LTIME."",":SRUN."",""TRUN."",""GMON."",""GODG."",""KSTET."",GTER."",""HTER."",""LTER."",""KSTANT.""] for command in commands: print "Exploiting"" +command +""".""+str(len(buffstring)) s=socket.socket(socket.AF_inet,socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(('127.0.0.1',9999)) s.recv(50) s.send(command+buffstring) s.close ``` What is the code written for?

Answer 100

Buffer Overflow