101 Flashcards
In what year and where was the Marine Corps created?
In 1775 at Tun Tavern, Philadelphia
Who is traditionally considered the first Commandant of the Marine Corps?
Samuel Nicholas
What nickname did Marines earn due to their uniform in 1776, and why?
Leathernecks, from a stiff leather stock
What did Marines seize during their first landing in 1776, and where?
Guns and supplies at New Providence, Bahamas
Where and when did Marines raise the “Stars and Stripes” for the first time in the Eastern Hemisphere?
Derna, 1805
During which war and where did Marines occupy the “Halls of Montezuma”?
Mexican War, Chapultepec in 1847
What year did the Marine Corps come under the Department of the Navy?
1834
What act, amended in 1952, defines the current Marine Corps structure?
National Security Act of 1947
During which conflict and under whom did Marines storm Harper’s Ferry?
Civil War, Robert E. Lee in 1859
What emblem was adopted by the Marine Corps in 1868, and who modified it?
Eagle, globe, and anchor, Jacob Zeilin
What does the anchor in the Marine Corps emblem signify?
Sea traditions
What Latin phrase became the Marine Corps motto in 1883?
Semper Fidelis
Where did Marines defend the American Legation in 1900?
Peking, during the Boxer Rebellion
Who was the first Marine Aviator in 1912?
Alfred Cunningham
What Nicaraguan intervention began in 1912 under Major Smedley Butler?
First Caco War
In what year were Marines awarded the French Fourragere for actions in France?
1917
What was established in 1933 to formalize Marine Corps relations with the Fleet?
Fleet Marine Force
What testing facility was established at Quantico, Virginia in 1933?
Marine Equipment Board
During which conflict did Marines land in South Vietnam in 1965?
Vietnam War
What program did Marines participate in during the Vietnam War to win local support?
Pacification
During which conflict did Marines land in the Dominican Republic in 1965?
Dominican Coup
How many Americans were killed in the Lebanon bombing on 23 October 1983?
241
What was the suicide attack target in Lebanon in 1983, and when did the last Marine unit leave?
Headquarters building, July 1984
What operation liberated Kuwait, and when did Marine aviation heavily support it?
Desert Storm, January 1991
What failed to dislodge Iraqi forces in Operation Desert Storm?
Massive bombing
What year and why did Operation Enduring Freedom begin?
2001, after 9/11 attacks
Who refused to hand over Osama bin Laden, prompting Operation Enduring Freedom?
Taliban
What terrorist group was targeted in Operation Enduring Freedom, and when did airstrikes begin?
Al-Qaeda, October 7, 2001
What Iraqi leaders refused to surrender, leading to Operation Iraqi Freedom?
Saddam Hussein and sons
Where did Marines first push into Iraq on 20 March 2003?
Kuwait border
Where did Marines secure major roads in 2003 during Operation Iraqi Freedom?
Eastern Baghdad on 5 April
Where did Marines land as a peacekeeping force in 1982?
Lebanon
What conflict saw Marines help take California in 1847?
Mexican War
During which conflict did Marines defend the American Legation in 1900?
Boxer Rebellion
What year did Marines storm Harper’s Ferry under Robert E. Lee?
1859
What resolution created the Marine Corps in 1775?
Continental Congress
In what year were Marines awarded the French Fourragere for actions in France?
1917
During which conflict did Marines land in South Vietnam in 1965?
Vietnam War
What multinational peacekeeping effort involved Marines in Lebanon in 1982?
Force in Readiness
Where did Marines establish expeditionary bases in 2009?
Three Afghan provinces
Which battle is known as the Marines’ greatest in World War I?
Belleau Wood
What was the first U.S. land offensive of World War II?
Battle of Guadalcanal
What was the largest all-Marine battle in history?
Battle of Iwo Jima
During which battle did Marines smash seven enemy divisions in a retrograde movement?
Chosin Reservoir
What city was secured by Marines on 25 February 1968 during the Tet Offensive?
Hue City
Which operation targeted the Taliban insurgency in Afghanistan in July 2009?
Strike of the Sword
What did the French rename Belleau Wood after the Marines’ victory?
Wood of the Brigade of Marines
Which island marked the first test of amphibious doctrine in WWII?
Guadalcanal
Why did many Marines drown during the Battle of Tarawa?
Extended reef
What was the strategic goal of invading the Marianas Islands?
Airfields and bases
When did Marines complete their objective in the Battle of Okinawa?
16547
What German nickname did Marines earn at Belleau Wood?
Teufelhunden
What Solomon Islands were targeted after Guadalcanal in WWII?
New Georgia and Bougainville
Who boasted that Tarawa would take a million Americans 100 years to conquer?
Japanese commander
What hill did Marines repeatedly take during the Battle of Okinawa?
Sugar Loaf
What increased due to the capture of Iwo Jima in 1945?
Air support and bombing
How many enemy divisions did Marines face at Chosin Reservoir?
10
What type of fighting did Marines use in Hue City in 1968?
House-to-house
What triggered the First Battle of Fallujah in 2004?
Killing of Blackwater guards
What operation reclaimed Marjah in 2010?
Moshtarak
Which Marine led over 136,000 troops in the Marianas Islands?
Holland M. Smith
What did Marines minimize in Hue City by avoiding heavy arms?
Civilian casualties
When did major combat end in the Battle of Okinawa?
16611
What admiral praised the valor at Iwo Jima?
Chester Nimitz
What force infiltrated Hue City during the Tet Offensive?
Communist forces
What was the Arabic name for the Second Battle of Fallujah?
Al-Fajr
When did U.S. officials declare Fallujah cleared in 2004?
45977
What strategic hub was reclaimed in Operation Moshtarak?
Marjah
What was the casualty count for Americans in the Battle of Okinawa?
Over 12,000 killed
Where did Marines cordon off the city in the Second Battle of Fallujah?
North
What was the turning point provided by the Battle of Guadalcanal?
Pacific war base
What valley was a narco-terrorist haven in Operation Moshtarak?
Helmand River
Which battle resulted in the nickname “Devil Dogs”?
Belleau Wood
What was the primary objective of the Battle of Tarawa?
Betio Island
How many troops were under Marine command during the Marianas Islands invasion?
136000
How many insurgents were estimated killed in the Second Battle of Fallujah?
1,200-1,350
During which holiday did the Battle of Hue City occur in 1968?
Tet
Who led the Marine Expeditionary Brigade in Operation Strike of the Sword?
BGen Nicholson
What was the largest military operation since the start of Operation Iraqi Freedom?
Second Battle of Fallujah
What prevented landing craft from reaching Tarawa’s beaches in 1943?
Extended reef
Who became Commandant in 1820 and served for 39 years?
Archibald Henderson
Who earned a Medal of Honor for semaphoring under fire at Guantanamo Bay?
John Quick
Which Marine yelled, “Do you want to live forever?” at Belleau Wood?
Dan Daly
Who was known as the “Tiger of the Mountains” in Nicaragua?
Louis B. Puller
Who led the Black Sheep squadron in WWII?
Pappy Boyington
Who was immortalized in the Iwo Jima flag-raising photograph?
Ira Hayes
When did Opha Mae Johnson become the first enlisted woman in the Marine Corps?
1918
Who was the Marine Corps’ first woman general officer?
Margaret Brewer
Which Corpsman earned the Medal of Honor for actions on Okinawa in 1945?
Robert Bush
Who received the Navy Cross for shielding a wounded Marine on Iwo Jima?
John Bradley
During which conflict did Robert Ingram earn his Medal of Honor?
Vietnam War
Who covered a grenade with his helmet in Iraq in 2004?
Jason Dunham
How many trips did Dakota Meyer make into an ambush area in 2009?
Five
What operation demonstrated the value of Marines as assault troops in 1898?
Guantanamo landing
How many Medals of Honor did Dan Daly receive, and where did he earn one?
Two, Haiti
What animal is the Marine Corps mascot named after Chesty Puller?
Bulldog
How many victories did Pappy Boyington achieve as a flying ace?
28
What was the official title and nickname of the Marine Corps’ first enlisted women?
Marine Reserve (F), Marinettes
What role did Margaret Brewer hold before becoming a general, and when did she become a Brigadier General?
Director of Women Marines, 1978
What did Robert Bush administer and lose during his Medal of Honor action on Okinawa?
Blood plasma, one eye
How far did John Bradley pull a wounded Marine to safety on Iwo Jima?
30 yards
Where and how many wounds did Robert Ingram sustain in Vietnam in 1966?
Quang Ngai Province, four
Where was Jason Dunham when he covered a grenade, and what did he use?
Karabilah, helmet and body
What injury did Dakota Meyer suffer during the Ganjgal ambush, and what was his role?
Shrapnel wound, gunner
What wars did Archibald Henderson lead the Marines through?
Indian and Mexican
Who commanded the Fifth Amphibious Corps at Iwo Jima?
Harry Schmidt
Which Marine was the youngest WWII Navy Medal of Honor recipient?
Robert Bush
Which Marine earned the Medal of Honor for actions in Karabilah, Iraq?
Jason Dunham
How many Afghan soldiers did Dakota Meyer evacuate in Ganjgal?
24
What was Pappy Boyington’s squadron called during WWII?
Black Sheep
At what distance should you begin a salute, and how long should you hold it?
6-30 paces, until returned
When passing an officer, what should you say after saluting?
By your leave, sir
When do you not salute indoors or if your blouse is unbuttoned?
When at work, outdoors
Who salutes for a group not in formation, and what does a group in formation do when an officer approaches?
First to notice, senior salutes
When are salutes not rendered while guarding prisoners or in crowded areas?
As a prisoner, unless addressed
What is the pay grade of a Colonel and a Second Lieutenant?
O-6, O-1
Which ranks are E-9 and E-8 alongside Sergeant Major and First Sergeant?
Master Gunnery Sergeant, Master Sergeant
What is the pay grade of a Gunnery Sergeant and a Major General?
E-7, O-8
Which rank is directly below Lieutenant Colonel?
Major
Which rank is E-4 in the Marine Corps?
Corporal
What should you do if uncovered outdoors during the National Anthem?
Stand at attention
When boarding a naval ship between 0800 and sunset, what do you salute first?
National Ensign
What command prompts a salute in formation during colors?
Present arms
What should a driver and passengers do during colors if in a vehicle?
Halt and sit at attention
When do you not salute the National Ensign when boarding a ship?
Sunset-0800
Who goes first when boarding a small boat by rank?
Junior
What do you face if no flag is near during the National Anthem?
Music
What do you salute after the National Ensign when boarding a ship?
Officer of the Deck
When departing a naval ship, what do you request from the OOD?
Permission to go ashore
What should you say when requesting to board a naval ship?
Permission to come aboard
