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Lo necesario > 101 > Flashcards

101 Flashcards

1
Q

The ADA defines a hearing impairment as what

A

Any degree of hearing loss

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2
Q

Autism spectrum disorder is a type of what

A

Pervasive developmental disorder that is diagnosed early in childhood

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3
Q

A mental illness is a what

A

An impairment of the mental or emotional consciousness

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4
Q

A person with an anxiety disorder may experience what

A

racing heartbeat, sweating, tension, and a feeling that something terrible is about to happen.

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5
Q

Baker act

A

Mental illness act

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6
Q

Marchman act

A

Substance abuse/drugs

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7
Q

Mentally defective

A

Disorder

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8
Q

Mentally incapacitated

A

On drugs

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9
Q

Physically helpless

A

Asleep/unconscious

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10
Q

Physically incapacitated

A

Handicap

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11
Q

Trafficking

A

Modern day slavery, sex trade/legitimate labor. Long term, and on going.

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12
Q

Human trafficking

A

Soliciting, enticing, providing a person for the purpose of exploitation

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13
Q

Cause of death

A

Injury specific

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14
Q

Manner of death

A

How injury led to the death

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15
Q

Grid search

A

Indoors, variation of strip line, search, pattern, overlap, and cross pattern

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16
Q

Strip/line search

A

Outdoor, divided into lanes, moving in both directions

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17
Q

Patent print

A

A foreign substance like paint, blood, grease, ink, or dirt, transfers, and makes readily visible, which forms from the friction ridge lines on fingers

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18
Q

Latent prints

A

Residue left behind when the hands or feet and make contact with a surface

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19
Q

Riley V California

A

It is unconstitutional to search a cell phone without a warrant

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20
Q

Learners permit initial hours of driving

A

6 AM and 7 PM and then 6 AM to 10 PM

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21
Q

Emergency response guidebook (ERG)

A

White is for information
Yellow and blue are for materials
Orange is potential hazards
Green is evacuation

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22
Q

How to determine jurisdiction

A

The first harmful event, or the event during a crash that caused injury or property damage will determine the jurisdiction of the scene, the AOC (area of collision) is the location of the first harmful event.

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23
Q

The ABS (anti-lock braking system) prevents the wheels from locking by doing what

A

electronically preventing the wheels from locking by rapidly applying and releasing the brake while allowing the driver to remain in control of the steering.

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24
Q

Offset skid

A

Mark indicates sudden change in direction of tire due to collision force

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25
Q

Non-contributing traffic violation

A

Has no direct bearing on the cause of the crash (expired license plate)

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26
Q

Non-traffic violation

A

Criminal offense found during the traffic investigation (discovering drugs)

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27
Q

DUI detection process

A

Phase 1: vehicle in motion
Phase 2 : personal contact
Phase 3 : pre-arrest screening

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28
Q

Horizontal gaze nystagmus (HGN)

A

Involuntary jerking that occurs as the eyes move towards the side. 12 to 15 inches from the drivers levels and slightly above the eye level.

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29
Q

Hazardous material class 1

A

Explosives

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30
Q

Hazardous material class 2

A

Gases

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31
Q

Hazardous material class 3:

A

Flammable liquid, and combustible liquids

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32
Q

Diamond shaped symbols/colors

A

Blue = health hazard
Red = flammability
Yellow = reactivity
White = other

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33
Q

Constitutional law

A

Separation of power ( legislative, executive, judicial)

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34
Q

Legislative

A

Makes laws

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35
Q

Executive

A

carries out laws

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36
Q

Statutory law

A

Written and enacted by Congress

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37
Q

Administrative law

A

Body of law that establishes the operations and procedures of government agency

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38
Q

Caselaw

A

The body of law farm by the decision of court system (judicial branch)

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39
Q

Felony 3rd

A

Five years, 5K fine or both

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40
Q

Felony 2

A

15 years, 10K fine or both

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41
Q

Felony 1

A

30 years to life, 10K fine or both

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42
Q

Principal in the first degree

A

Commits any criminal offense, aids, abets, councils, or persuades crime.

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43
Q

Accessory, after-the-fact

A

Person who gives the principal any aid to avoid detention or arrest

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44
Q

General intent

A

Forbidden act by offender ( battery)

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45
Q

Specific intent

A

Intention to the private owner of something (embezzlement )

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46
Q

Compensatory damages

A

Actual property damage (car accident)

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47
Q

Reasonable suspicion

A

Standard of justification needed to support an investigative stop

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48
Q

Illinois v Wardlow

A

Bing any suspicious area standing alone is not enough to suspect a crime

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49
Q

Terry, V, Ohio

A

Reasonable suspicion
Investigative stop: allows to do a frisk/pat down for weapons,
Two Elements/requirements: person has lawfully detained, have to have a reasonable belief the person is armed.

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50
Q

Carol V US

A

Carrol Doctrine is the rule
If you have probable cause to believe that there is crime evident or contraband you can search a car without a warrant

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51
Q

US V Ross

A

If you have probable cause then every part of the vehicle is open to be searched per Carrol and Ross

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52
Q

Minnesota v Dickerson

A

Has to do with Plain touch/plain feel: immediately recognized as contraband.
A bag of “weed”

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53
Q

Whren V Us VS Pretext stop

A

a headlight being out, look for drugs or something else.

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54
Q

Illinois V Gates:

A

totality of circumstances for probable cause

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55
Q

US v Robinson:

A

“ Search incident” to arrest case:
It’s the rule: 2 reasons why you’re allowed to search person: disarm a suspect or preserve evidence for the reason of the arrest.

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56
Q

Chimel v California

A

you can search is within immediate reach

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57
Q

Thornton

A

Search car after arrest

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58
Q

Belton

A

Trunk no search

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59
Q

Arizona v Gant

A

They have to be unsecure, look in car for evidence to preserve

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60
Q

Graham v Connor

A

objective reasonableness
Reasonable officers point of view.

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61
Q

Nervous system

A

Controls, voluntary and involuntary body activity

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62
Q

Involuntary muscles or smooth muscles

A

Carryout, many automatic body functions, they are in the walls of the tube like organs, ducts, blood vessels and intestinal wall

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63
Q

On infant

A

Check the brachial

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64
Q

Unconscious, adult or child

A

Checked the carotid

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65
Q

Normal breathing rate: adult

A

12 to 20

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66
Q

Normal breathing: child

A

15 -30

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67
Q

Normal breathing rate: infant

A

25-50

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68
Q

Contusion (bruise)

A

A closed injury that is discolored and painful at the injury site

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69
Q

Circulatory system

A

Pumps blood through the body

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70
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

Includes nerves that connect to the spinal cord and branch out to every part of the body

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71
Q

Arterial bleeding

A

Bright red blood, spurts from a wound (shepherd, or damage artery)

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72
Q

Venous bleeding

A

dark red with continuous flow

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73
Q

Capillary bleeding

A

Dark red slow, oozing flow of blood

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74
Q

Puncture wound

A

a soft tissue injury caused by the penetration of a sharp object

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75
Q

Laceration

A

Open wound that varies in depth and width

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76
Q

Evisceration

A

Open wound where the organs protrude

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77
Q

Avulsion

A

Flap of torn, or cut skin that be not be completely lose from the body

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78
Q

Abrasion

A

Scrape

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79
Q

Conscious adult or child

A

Radial pulse

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80
Q

Fine motor skills

A

use of muscles in fingers, toes, and eyes to coordinate small actions

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81
Q

Gross motor skills

A

motor skills that involve large-muscle activities, such as walking, running, punching or kicking

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82
Q

Complex motor skills

A

combine fine and gross motor skills using hand and eye coordination timed to a single event, such as driving a vehicle.

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83
Q

Reactionary gap

A

6-9 ft if hands are visible or 25 if you don’t

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84
Q

Evasion

A

Simply shifting your body or side, stopping to avoid attack

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85
Q

Redirection

A

Using empty hand techniques to move subject away

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86
Q

Stalling

A

a tactical method of safely controlling a suspect until you physically recover or reassess the situation, or backup arrives.

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87
Q

How many stalling techniques

A

4

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88
Q

Aggressive resistance

A

Is hostile, attacking movements that may cause injury, but are not likely to cause death or great bodily harm

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89
Q

Active resistance

A

a subject’s use of physically evasive movements directed toward the officer such as bracing, tensing, pushing, or pulling to prevent the officer from establishing control over the subject.

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90
Q

Passive resistance

A

Verbal or physical refusal to comply with an officers lawful direction causing officer to use physical techniques to establish control

91
Q

Draper v. Reynolds

A

Has to do with CEW

92
Q

Distance for DFSG

A

15-25ft patrol
25 for swat

93
Q

Voltage for basic stun gun

A

20,000 to 150,000 Volts

94
Q

Decision to use a dart firing stun gun must involve

A

An arrest or a custodial situation

Situation escalates from passive physical resistance to active physical resistance

Subject has the ability to physically threaten the officer or others or attempts to flee

95
Q

Ampere

A

Measure of electrical, current or power

96
Q

central nervous system

A

Located in the brain, and in the spinal cord

97
Q

skeletal system

A

Supporting framework for the body, giving it shape

98
Q

Muscular system

A

Gives the body shape and protects internal organs and provides body moment

99
Q

Voluntary muscles

A

Use for deliver acts, such as chewing, bending, lifting, and running

100
Q

Carotid

A

Major artery in the neck

101
Q

Brachial

A

Major artery in the upper arm

102
Q

Radial

A

Major artery in the wrist

103
Q

Sample

A

Signs, allergies, medication, past, last oral intake, events

104
Q

Dots

A

deformities, open wounds, tenderness, swelling

105
Q

Pulse rate for infant (highest)

A

120-160

106
Q

Pulse rate for a child

A

100-120

107
Q

Pulse rate for adult

A

60-100

108
Q

AVPU

A

Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive

109
Q

Hematoma

A

Close injury that appears as a discolored lump

110
Q

Swelling

A

Soft tissue raised when blood or other body fluids pool beneath the skin at the injury site

111
Q

LOC

A

Level of consciousness

112
Q

Sovereign immunity

A

Derive from the common law idea that the king and his agents can do no wrong

113
Q

Capias

A

Legal order for an arrest issued by the clerk of court at the request of the state attorneys office

114
Q

Oath

A

Solemn and formal promise often invoking God

115
Q

Affirmation

A

Solemn and formal declaration, in place of an oath, to avoid religion

116
Q

Sentence fragment

A

a sentence missing a subject or verb or complete thought

117
Q

Sovereign citizen

A

movement consists of a subculture of society that holds anti-government beliefs.

118
Q

Militias

A

Refused to recognize the authority of cops, and feds

119
Q

Discrimination

A

Occurs when someone chooses to act on their prejudice

120
Q

Prejudice

A

baseless attitude towards a person only because of their membership in a social group
Example : everyone that lives in a hood is in a gang

121
Q

Stereotyping

A

Judging a group of people who are different from you based on your own encounters
Example: All Hispanics are undocumented immigrants

122
Q

Explicit bias

A

Aware of their dislikes of certain groups of people, and might be openly hateful and biased in their actions

123
Q

Bias

A

Unfair treatment and attitude towards a group of people

124
Q

Vertical communication

A

Information that flows down through the supervision levels to the lowest levels of the organization

125
Q

LEED

A

Listen, explain, equity and dignity

126
Q

Subject

A

Unknown person, accused, or suspected of committing a crime

127
Q

Suspect/Detainee

A

the person believed to have committed a crime

128
Q

8th amendment

A

Cruel and unusual punishment

129
Q

6th amendment

A

Speedy and public trial
Fair jury/an attorney, a chance to confront the witness and an impartial trial

130
Q

4th amendment

A

Search and seizure, may require a warrant, signed by an independent magistrate

131
Q

Lateral communication

A

Same level communication

132
Q

Routine stress

A

Happens daily

133
Q

Acute stress

A

Short lived in, occurs when you experience unexpected changes

Example : end of a relationship, death of a family, member, or sudden unemployment

134
Q

Investigative stops must have

A

Reasonable suspicion

135
Q

Most law-enforcement agencies have a structure that is

A

Practical and hierarchical

136
Q

The CJSTC may discipline an officer who commit any of the following

A

A written reprimand, probation up to two years, suspension up to two years and revocation of certification

137
Q

Tennessee v. Garner

A

Deadly force may not be used against an unarmed and fleeing suspect unless necessary to prevent the escape and unless the officer has probable cause to believe that the suspect poses a significant threat of death or serious injury to the officers or others.

138
Q

While on patrol, you may face attack from gunfire, fire bombs, rocks, or other missiles. If this happens, you must

A

Immediately get away from the area, roll up window, and turn off air conditioner

139
Q

When arriving on scene to an exotic animal, call you should immediately do what?

A

Identify any immediate thread or injury to anyone requiring first aid

140
Q

The only way a landlord can legally recover possession of the least residence. Without the consent of the tenant is to do what?

A

File an eviction proceeding in the county court where the residence is located

141
Q

Crisscross Technique

A

Officers start on opposite sides of the doorway. They enter rapidly, one after the other, crossing to the opposite sides.

142
Q

The primary target areas of a subject’s body should be

A

Below the neck for back shots and below the heart for front shots.

143
Q

The basic idea of a CEW is to what?

A

Disturb the body’s communication system by generating a high voltage, low current electrical discharge

144
Q

Touch pressure

A

Touching the location of a nerve or sensitive area and applying continual, uninterrupted pressure with the tip of the finger(s) or thumb until the subject complies

145
Q

Stabilization

A

Immobilizing the subject’s head so the subject cannot move or escape

146
Q

Duty life

A

Expressed in months

147
Q

Shelf life

A

Expressed in years

148
Q

Flail chest

A

fracture of two or more ribs in two or more places and become free floating

149
Q

Three second rule established what

A

The minimum safe following distance for all vehicles and provides space and time for the driver to react to potential hazards

150
Q

When is the six second rule used?

A

During inclement weather, fog and smoke

151
Q

Pitch

A

Occurs during a celebration or breaking, and causes the transfer of vehicles way from the front to rear or rear to front

152
Q

Roll

A

Occurs when turning, the vehicle shifts weight from side to side

153
Q

Yaw

A

The transfer of a vehicles weight causing an end to end motion, resulting in the vehicle turning 180 horizontally

154
Q

Vision supplies about?

A

90% to 95% of incoming data way driver and helps with detecting and avoiding hazards

155
Q

Acuity

A

sharpness of vision

156
Q

Depth perception

A

Ability to judge decisions, and perceive space to determine how far away an object is

157
Q

Peripheral vision

A

Ability to see above, below, and to the sides, can see about 180 from side to side

158
Q

Battery

A

unlawful touching of another person without consent

159
Q

Aggravated battery

A

Intentionally or knowingly, cause great bodily harm, permanent disability, permanent disfigurement, or are used a deadly weapon

Example : pregnant = aggravated battery

160
Q

Felony battery

A

no conscience intent of great bodily harm
Previous conviction for battery

161
Q

Aggravated assault

A

This suspect committed all the elements of assault, and in addition, made the assault with a deadly weapon, without the intent to kill, or with the intent to commit a felony

162
Q

Assault

A

involves verbal or non-verbal threats. For example, aggravated assault
if someone walks up to you within striking distance and suddenly
raises their fist in a manner that puts you in fear of being harmed, even if they do not say a word, they committed assault.

163
Q

Sexual violence

A

Any one incident of sexual battery, or a lewd or lascivious act committed on or in the presence of someone younger than 16 years of age

164
Q

Maliciously

A

means wrongfully, intentionally, without legal justification or excuse, and with the knowledge that injury or damage will or may be caused to another person or their property

165
Q

Stalking

A

involves unwanted and repeated attention, contact, or harassment by the suspect toward the victim. = harassment.

166
Q

credible threat

A

a verbal or non-verbal threat, or a combination of the two, that places someone in reasonable fear for their safety or the safety of their family and friends

167
Q

Cyberstalk

A

means to engage in a course of conduct to communicate, or cause to be communicated, words, images, or language by or through the use of electronic mail or electronic communication, directed at a specific person, causing substantial emotional distress to that person and serving no legitimate purpose.

168
Q

Sexual cyberharass

A

means to publish a sexually explicit image of a person that contains or conveys the personal identification information of the person to a website without that person’s consent, for no legitimate purpose, with the intent of causing substantial emotional distress to the depicted person.

169
Q

Aggravated Stalking

A

Occurs when the suspect, willfully, maliciously, and repeatedly follows, harasses, or cyber stocks, the victim, and repeatedly makes a credible threat

170
Q

child abuse

A

Intentionally inflicting, physical or mental injury, committing an intentional act that could reasonably be expected to result in physical or mental injury, or actively encouraging another person to commit an act that result in or could reasonably have been expected to result in physical or mental injury to a child

171
Q

Physical injury

A

Defined as death, permanent, or temporary disfigurement, or impairment of any bodily part

172
Q

Mental injury

A

An injury to the intellectual or physiological health of a child

173
Q

Child neglect

A

Failure to provide

174
Q

Abandonment

A

No significant contribution to a child care and maintenance, or has failed to establish or maintain a substantial and positive relationship with a child

175
Q

Abusive head trauma

A

Traumatic brain injury to the head and brain of an infant or child younger than six years of age

176
Q

Shaken baby syndrome estimates

A

1200 to 1400 children are injured or killed by head trauma. That is child abuse each year.

177
Q

Shaken baby syndrome, excuses

A

Fell off the bed, gagged, or choked with a feeding, had an earlier minor injury that was made worse by a later injury, had a reaction to immunizations or vitamins

178
Q

Disabled adult

A

A person, 18 or older, who has a condition of physical or mental incapacitation, due to developmental disability, organic brain, damage or mental illness, who has one or more physical or mental limitation that restricts the persons ability to perform the normal activities of daily living

179
Q

False Imprisonment

A

restraining an individual or restricting an individual’s freedom
Domestic violence

180
Q

kidnapping

A

the unlawful removal or restraint of a person against his or her will
Hold the victim for ransom or reward, or as a shield or hostage

State and federal: violation

181
Q

Sexual activity

A

Means the oral, anal, or vaginal penetration by or union with the sexual organ of another or the anal or vaginal penetration of another, by any object

182
Q

Lewd or Lascivious Battery

A

involves engaging in sexual activity with a person 12 years of age or older but less than 16 years of age; or encouraging, forcing, or enticing any person less than 16 years of age to engage in sadomasochistic abuse, sexual bestiality, prostitution, or any other act involving sexual activity.

183
Q

Lewd or lascivious molestation

A

Intentionally touching in a lewd or lascivious manner the breasts, genitals, genital area, or buttocks, or the clothing covering them or forcing or enticing a person to so touch the perpetrator.

184
Q

Lewd or lascivious conduct

A

Intentionally touching a person in a lewd or lascivious manner, or soliciting a person to commit a lewd or lascivious act.

185
Q

Lewd or Lascivious Exhibition

A

Intentionally masturbating; intentionally exposing the genitals in a lewd or lascivious manner

186
Q

Burglary

A

Intent, to commit a crime inside,

Not present

187
Q

Home invasion

A

Present and aware

188
Q

Robbery

A

the unlawful taking of property from a person’s immediate possession by force or intimidation

189
Q

Theft

A

Knowingly, obtaining, using or trying to obtain or use property of another

190
Q

Petit theft

A

$100 or more but less than $750, misdemeanor
If the person commits two or more of these, the crime becomes a third-degree felony

191
Q

Grand theft

A

Involves the deft of an item with a value of $750 or more
Also includes identity, theft, and fraud, not just theft of property, funds, or assets

192
Q

Retail theft

A

involves taking possession of or carrying away merchandise, money, or negotiable instruments, altering or removing a label or price tag, transferring merchandise from one container to another of lower price, or removal of a shopping cart with intent to deprive the merchant of possession, use, benefit, or full retail value.

193
Q

Dealing in stolen property is a

A

First or second-degree felony

194
Q

Criminal Mischief

A

damaging or destroying personal property

195
Q

Fraud

A

Intentional falsification of the truth to induce another person, or other entity, to part with something of value, or to surrender their legal right to it
Example: identity theft

196
Q

Forgery

A

Altering, forging, or counterfeiting, a public record, certificate, legal document, bill of exchange, or promissory note
Example: fake $ bills

197
Q

Uttering

A

Knowingly, exhibiting, or publishing, a document, or attending to cash a check by claiming to check. Example: Fake Covid vaccine proof..

198
Q

Possession

A

To have personal charge of or exercise, the right of ownership, management, or control over the thing possessed. Possession maybe actually, constructive, or joint

199
Q

Actual possession

A

Means the controlled substance is in the hands of or on the suspect, in a container in the hands of or on the suspect, or close as to be within, ready reach, and in under the control of the suspect.

200
Q

Constructive possession

A

Means the controlled substance is in a place over which the suspect has control, or in which the suspect has concealed it

201
Q

Joint possession

A

means two or more suspects may jointly possess an article, exercising control over it. In that
case, each of those suspects is in possession of that article.

202
Q

Compensatory Damages

A

designed to compensate for the actual property damage, harm.
Example : car accident

203
Q

Writ of Replevin

A

a court order that entitles the creditor to possess collateral after the borrower defaults

204
Q

Perishable evidence can include

A

Blood, foot prints, and tire impressions, or trace evidence, such as hair or fibers

205
Q

Transitory evidence

A

Can blow away or wash away

206
Q

Fragile evidence can include

A

a bullet hole in glass held into place by a thin window tint

207
Q

Most common specimens

A

Blood, seminal fluid or saliva

208
Q

Plastic print

A

Molded or embedded fingerprint, created by touching an impressionable surface, such as fresh paint, wax, far of soap, or mud, that you can easily see

209
Q

Latent print

A

Results from body residues left behind when the friction ridges of the hands or feet, and make contact with the surface
Invisible to the naked eye
High priority

210
Q

Photo array

A

A selection of photographs compiled to show to a victim or eyewitness in a non-suggestive manner for identifying a suspect

211
Q

Pre-2017 color for learners license

A

Yellow

212
Q

License is issued to 21 and older have

A

A horizontal format

213
Q

gouge

A

Cut into the surface of a road

214
Q

Scrape (road evidence)

A

A broad area of a hard surface covered with many scratches, occur between the AOC and the point of the vehicles final rest

215
Q

What are the weather conditions that are most likely to affect your vehicles performance in Florida

A

Rain and wind

216
Q

Incipient Skid or Impending Skid

A

It is temporary and may only be visible for 15 to 20 minutes after a crash . This is also THE TYPE OF SKID MARK LEFT BY ABS.

217
Q

Furrow Mark

A

A type of trench dug by locked tires moving across a soft surface such as gravel, sand, grass, or dirt

218
Q

A scuff or yaw mark occurs when

A

A vehicle loses tire traction from entering a curve too fast or from oversteering.

219
Q

Muzzle /barrel

A

Provides a pad for the fired bullet, and is chambered to hold the cartridge

220
Q

Slide

A

House is the firing pin, safety, drop, safety, sites and extractor

221
Q

Isosceles stance

A
  1. Stand with your feet approximately shoulder-width apart. Keep your weight on the balls of your feet.
  2. Bend your knees slightly so you can move in any direction
  3. Square, your head and shoulders to the target, body weight, forward,
  4. lock your arms, straight out in front, bring the handgun to iron level, and keep your head erect.
222
Q

Weaver Stance

A
  1. Stand at a 45-degree angle to the target, with your feet shoulder-width apart. Your weapon-side foot is to the rear.
  2. Bend your knees slightly so your weight is on the balls of your feet. Keep your shoulders at a 45-degree angle to the target.
  3. Extend the weapon arm, almost fully while bending your support arm at the elbow. the elbows should be fairly close together, not allowing them to flare out.
  4. Push forward with your shooting hand and pull back with your support hand to create isometric tension.
  5. Bring your weapon to eye level and keep your head erect.
223
Q

Hip Shooting Stance

A

Only used when you are within arms reach, 3 to 4 feet away

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