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HSK5 > 1001到1300 > Flashcards

1001到1300 Flashcards

1
Q

绳子

A

shéngzi | rope; string; cord; CL:条[tiao2]

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2
Q

农民

A

nóngmín | peasant; CL:个

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3
Q

网络

A

wǎngluò | Internet; network (computing, telecommunications, transport etc)

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4
Q

艰巨

A

jiānjù | arduous; terrible (task); very difficult; formidable

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5
Q

分配

A

fēnpèi | to assign; to allocate; to distribute

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6
Q

阶段

A

jiēduàn | stage; section; phase; period; CL:个

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7
Q

相似

A

xiāngsì | to resemble; similar; like; resemblance; similarity

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8
Q

公元

A

gōngyuán | (year) AD; Christian era

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9
Q

去世

A

qùshì | to pass away; to die

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10
Q

安慰

A

ānwèi | to comfort; to console; CL:个

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11
Q

牙齿

A

yáchǐ | tooth; dental; CL:顆|颗[ke1];

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12
Q

吓

A

xià | to frighten; to scare; to intimidate; to threaten

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13
Q

概括

A

gàikuò | to summarize; to generalize; briefly; CL:个

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14
Q

劳动

A

láodòng | physical labor; work; toil; CL:次[ci4]

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15
Q

财产

A

cáichǎn | property; assets; estate; CL:笔[bi3]

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16
Q

利益

A

lìyì | benefit; (in sb’s) interest; CL:个

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17
Q

除非

A

chúfēi | only if (…, or otherwise,…); only when; only in the case that; unless

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18
Q

控制

A

kòngzhì | control; to exercise control over; to contain

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19
Q

节省

A

jiéshěng | saving; to save; to use sparingly; to cut down on

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20
Q

罚款

A

fákuǎn | (impose a) fine; penalty; fine (monetary)

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21
Q

性质

A

xìngzhì | nature; characteristic; CL:个

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22
Q

模仿

A

mófǎng | to imitate; to copy; to emulate; to mimic; model

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23
Q

具体

A

jùtǐ | concrete; definite; specific

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24
Q

因素

A

yīnsù | element; factor; CL:个

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25
Q

农业

A

nóngyè | agriculture; farming

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26
Q

整个

A

zhěnggè | whole; entire; total

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27
Q

可见

A

kějiàn | it can clearly be seen (that this is the case); it is (thus) clear; clear; visible

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28
Q

人生

A

rénshēng | human life

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29
Q

欧洲

A

Ōuzhōu | Europe; European

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30
Q

沟通

A

gōutōng | communicate

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31
Q

实验

A

shíyàn | to experiment; experiments; CL:个,次[ci4]

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32
Q

救

A

jiù | to rescue; to save; to assist

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33
Q

总之

A

zǒngzhī | in a word; in short; in brief

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34
Q

吸取

A

xīqǔ | to absorb; to draw (a lesson, insight etc); to assimilate

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35
Q

流泪

A

liúlèi | to shed tears

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36
Q

完美

A

wánměi | perfection; perfect; perfectly

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37
Q

年代

A

niándài | a decade of a century (e.g. the Sixties); age; era; period; CL:个

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38
Q

导致

A

dǎozhì | to lead to; to create; to cause; to bring about

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39
Q

数

A

shǔ | number; figure; several; a few

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40
Q

总统

A

zǒngtǒng | president (of a country); CL:个,位[wei4] ,名[ming2] ,届[jie4]

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41
Q

逐步

A

zhúbù | progressively; step by step

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42
Q

连忙

A

liánmáng | promptly; at once

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43
Q

发愁

A

fāchóu | to worry; to fret; to be anxious; to become sad

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44
Q

产生

A

chǎnshēng | to arise; to come into being; to come about; to give rise to; to bring into being; to bring about; to produce; to engender; to generate; to appear; appearance; emergence; generation; production; yield

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45
Q

干活儿

A

gànhuór | to work manually; manual labor

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46
Q

分析

A

fēnxī | to analyze; analysis; CL:个

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47
Q

敏感

A

mǐngǎn | sensitive; susceptible; politically sensitive (pretext for censorship)

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48
Q

经典

A

jīngdiǎn | the classics; scriptures; classical

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49
Q

吸收

A

xīshōu | to absorb; to assimilate; to ingest

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50
Q

遗憾

A

yíhàn | to regret; regret; pity; sorry

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51
Q

前途

A

qiántú | future outlook; prospects; journey

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52
Q

撞

A

zhuàng | to hit; to strike; to meet by accident; to run into; to bump against; to bump into

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53
Q

想念

A

xiǎngniàn | to miss; remember with longing; long to see again

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54
Q

项

A

xiàng | back of neck; thing; item; classifier for principles, items, clauses, tasks, research projects

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55
Q

食物

A

shíwù | food; CL:种[zhong3]

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56
Q

领域

A

lǐngyù | domain; sphere; field; territory; area

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57
Q

滚

A

gǔn | to roll; to get away; to boil; get lost (imperative); take a hike

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58
Q

娶

A

qǔ | to take a wife; to marry (a woman)

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59
Q

辞职

A

cízhí | to resign

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60
Q

等于

A

děngyú | to equal; to be tantamount to

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61
Q

标志

A

biāozhì | sign; mark; symbol; symbolize; to indicate; to mark

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62
Q

表情

A

biǎoqíng | (facial) expression; to express one’s feelings; expression

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63
Q

市场

A

shìchǎng | market place; market (also in abstract); abbr. for 超级市场 supermarket; CL:个

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64
Q

熟练

A

shúliàn | practiced; proficient; skilled; skillful

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65
Q

营业

A

yíngyè | to do business; to trade

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66
Q

逃避

A

táobì | to evade; to avoid; to shirk; to escape;

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67
Q

退步

A

tuìbù | degenerate; regress

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68
Q

违反

A

wéifǎn | to violate (a law)

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69
Q

平安

A

píng’ān | safe and sound; well; without mishap; quiet and safe; at peace;

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70
Q

幅

A

fú | width; roll; classifier for textiles or pictures

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71
Q

讲究

A

jiǎngjiu | to pay particular attention to; exquisite; aesthetic

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72
Q

系领带

A

jìlǐngdài | tie one’s necktie

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73
Q

戒指

A

jièzhi | (finger) ring

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74
Q

陌生

A

mòshēng | strange; unfamiliar

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75
Q

绝对

A

juéduì | absolute; unconditional

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76
Q

交际

A

jiāojì | communication; social intercourse

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77
Q

工程师

A

gōngchéngshī | engineer; CL:个,位[wei4] ,名[ming2]

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78
Q

成人

A

chéngrén | adult;

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79
Q

优势

A

yōushì | superiority; dominance; advantage

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80
Q

设施

A

shèshī | facilities; installation

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81
Q

平等

A

píngděng | equality; equal

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82
Q

发挥

A

fāhuī | to display; to exhibit; to bring out implicit or innate qualities; to express (a thought or moral); to develop (an idea); to elaborate (on a theme)

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83
Q

人民币

A

rénmínbì | Renminbi (RMB); Chinese Yuan (CNY)

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84
Q

计算

A

jìsuàn | to count; to calculate; to compute; CL:个

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85
Q

鞭炮

A

biānpào | firecrackers; a string of small firecrackers; CL:枚[mei2]

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86
Q

围巾

A

wéijīn | scarf; shawl; CL:条[tiao2]

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87
Q

肥皂

A

féizào | soap; CL:块[kuai4] ,条[tiao2]

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88
Q

何况

A

hékuàng | much less; let alone

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89
Q

文字

A

wénzì | writing style; script; writing; written language; phraseology; CL:個|个[ge4];

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90
Q

派

A

pài | clique; school; group; faction; to dispatch; to send; to assign; to appoint; pi (Greek letter Ππ); the circular ratio pi = 3.1415926

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91
Q

避免

A

bìmiǎn | to avert; to prevent; to avoid; to refrain from

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92
Q

摔倒

A

shuāi dǎo | to fall down; to slip and fall; to throw sb to the ground;

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93
Q

指挥

A

zhǐhuī | commander; to command; to conduct; to direct; director; conductor (of an orchestra); CL:个

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94
Q

青

A

qīng | green or blue; nature’s color; greenish black; abbr. for Qinghai province 青海

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95
Q

闻

A

wén | to hear; news; well-known; famous; reputation; fame; to smell; to sniff at; surname Wen

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96
Q

作为

A

zuòwéi | one’s conduct; deed; activity; accomplishment; achievement; to act as; as (in the capacity of); qua; to view as; to look upon (sth as); to take sth to be

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97
Q

灰心

A

huīxīn | lose heart; be discouraged

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98
Q

古典

A

gǔdiǎn | classical

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99
Q

最初

A

zuìchū | first; primary; initial

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100
Q

丝绸

A

sīchóu | silk cloth; silk

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101
Q

洞

A

dòng | cave; hole; zero (unambiguous spoken form when spelling out numbers); CL:个

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102
Q

忽然

A

hūrán | suddenly; all of a sudden

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103
Q

指导

A

zhǐdǎo | to guide; to give directions; to direct; to coach; guidance; tuition; CL:个

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104
Q

当地

A

dāngdì | local; in the locality

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105
Q

企业

A

qǐyè | company; firm; enterprise; corporation; CL:家[jia1]

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106
Q

资金

A

zījīn | funds; funding; capital

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107
Q

似的

A

shìde | seems as if; rather like;

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108
Q

铃

A

líng | (small) bell; CL:只[zhi1]

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109
Q

地道

A

dìdao | real; pure; genuine; typical; well-done; thorough

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110
Q

重大

A

zhòngdà | important; great; major; significant;

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111
Q

事实

A

shìshí | a fact; the fact that; CL:个

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112
Q

成就

A

chéngjiù | accomplishment; success; attain a result; achievement; CL:个

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113
Q

幻想

A

huànxiǎng | delusion; fantasy

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114
Q

写作

A

xiězuò | writing; written works

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115
Q

巧妙

A

qiǎomiào | ingenious; clever

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116
Q

后背

A

hòubèi | the back (human anatomy); the back part of sth;

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117
Q

健身

A

jiànshēn | to exercise; to keep fit; to work out; physical exercise;

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118
Q

优美

A

yōuměi | graceful; fine; elegant

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119
Q

近代

A

jìndài | modern times

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120
Q

证据

A

zhèngjù | evidence; proof; testimony

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121
Q

海鲜

A

hǎixiān | seafood

122
Q

严肃

A

yánsù | solemn; solemnity

123
Q

独立

A

dúlì | independent; independence; to stand alone

124
Q

勇气

A

yǒngqì | courage; valor; (to have) the nerve

125
Q

充分

A

chōngfèn | full; abundant

126
Q

池塘

A

chítáng | pool; pond

127
Q

沉默

A

chénmò | taciturn; silent; uncommunicative

128
Q

木头

A

mùtou | slow-witted; blockhead; log (of wood, timber etc); CL:块[kuai4] ,根[gen1]

129
Q

扩大

A

kuòdà | to expand; to enlarge; to broaden one’s scope

130
Q

撕

A

sī | to tear; to rip

131
Q

总算

A

zǒngsuàn | at long last; finally; on the whole

132
Q

大型

A

dàxíng | large scale; wide scale; broad scale

133
Q

夹子

A

jiāzi | clip; clamp; tongs; folder; wallet

134
Q

雾

A

wù | fog; mist; CL:场[chang2] ,阵[zhen4]

135
Q

狡猾

A

jiǎohuá | crafty; cunning; sly

136
Q

争取

A

zhēngqǔ | to fight for; to strive for; to win over

137
Q

燃烧

A

ránshāo | to ignite; combustion; flaming; kindle

138
Q

精力

A

jīnglì | energy

139
Q

制定

A

zhìdìng | to draw up; to formulate; to lay down; to draft

140
Q

年纪

A

niánjì | year (in school, college etc); grade CL:把[ba3] ,个

141
Q

矛盾

A

máodùn | contradictory; contradiction; CL:个

142
Q

幸运

A

xìngyùn | fortunate; fortune; luck

143
Q

学问

A

xuéwèn | learning; knowledge; academic; CL:个

144
Q

反映

A

fǎnyìng | to mirror; to reflect; mirror image; reflection; fig. to report; to make known; to render; used erroneously for 反应, response or reaction

145
Q

剪刀

A

jiǎndāo | scissors; CL:把[ba3]

146
Q

温柔

A

wēnróu | gentle and soft; tender

147
Q

题目

A

tímù | subject; title; topic; CL:个

148
Q

沙漠

A

shāmò | desert; CL:个

149
Q

股票

A

gǔpiào | share; stock (market)

150
Q

法院

A

fǎyuàn | court of law; court

151
Q

象征

A

xiàngzhēng | emblem; symbol; token; badge; to symbolize; to signify; to stand for

152
Q

趋势

A

qūshì | trend; tendency

153
Q

叉子

A

chāzi | fork; CL:把[ba3]

154
Q

提纲

A

tígāng | outline; synopsis

155
Q

体会

A

tǐhuì | to know (through learning or by experience); to realize; experience; CL:个

156
Q

文具

A

wénjù | stationery; item of stationery (pen, pencil, eraser, pencil sharpener etc)

157
Q

干脆

A

gāncuì | straightforward; clear-cut; blunt (e.g. statement); you might as well; simply

158
Q

采访

A

cǎifǎng | to interview; to gather news; to hunt for and collect; to cover

159
Q

深刻

A

shēnkè | profound; deep; deep-going

160
Q

逗

A

dòu | to tease; to play with

161
Q

达到

A

dádào | to reach; to achieve; to attain

162
Q

接触

A

jiēchù | to touch; to contact; access; in touch with

163
Q

手套

A

shǒutào | glove; mitten; CL:双[shuang1] ,只[zhi1]

164
Q

纷纷

A

fēnfēn | one after another; in succession; one by one; continuously; diverse; in profusion; numerous and confused; pell-mell

165
Q

建立

A

jiànlì | to establish; to set up; to found; to build

166
Q

出色

A

chūsè | remarkable; outstanding

167
Q

梳子

A

shūzi | comb; CL:把[ba3]

168
Q

夸

A

kuā | to boast; to exaggerate; to praise

169
Q

推广

A

tuīguǎng | to extend; to spread; to popularize; CL:个

170
Q

位置

A

wèizhi | position; place; seat; CL:个

171
Q

赶紧

A

gǎnjǐn | to hurry up; hurriedly

172
Q

胶水

A

jiāoshuǐ | glue

173
Q

灰尘

A

huīchén | dust

174
Q

训练

A

xùnliàn | to train; to drill; training; CL:个

175
Q

创造

A

chuàngzào | to create; to bring about; to produce; CL:个

176
Q

何必

A

hébì | there is no need; why should

177
Q

受伤

A

shòushāng | to sustain injuries; wounded (in an accident etc); harmed

178
Q

开幕式

A

kāimùshì | opening ceremony

179
Q

摆

A

bǎi | to arrange; to exhibit; to move to and fro; a pendulum

180
Q

元旦

A

yuándàn | New Year’s Day

181
Q

应用

A

yìngyòng | to use; to apply; application; applicable

182
Q

立即

A

lìjí | immediately

183
Q

名胜古迹

A

míngshènggǔjì | historical sites and scenic spots

184
Q

始终

A

shǐzhōng | from beginning to end; all along

185
Q

组合

A

zǔhé | to assemble; combination; combinatorial

186
Q

手工

A

shǒugōng | handwork; manual

187
Q

迎接

A

yíngjiē | to meet; to welcome; to greet

188
Q

专心

A

zhuānxīn | to concentrate; absorption; concentration; engrossed

189
Q

合理

A

hélǐ | rational; reasonable; fair

190
Q

结合

A

jiéhé | to combine; to link; to integrate; binding; CL:次[ci4]

191
Q

说不定

A

shuōbudìng | can’t say for sure; maybe

192
Q

主席

A

zhǔxí | chairperson; premier; chairman; CL:个,位[wei4]

193
Q

以来

A

yǐlái | since (a previous event)

194
Q

服装

A

fúzhuāng | clothing; dress; costume; clothes; CL:身[shen1]

195
Q

退

A

tuì | to move back; to decline; to move back; to withdraw

196
Q

可怕

A

kěpà | awful; dreadful; fearful; formidable; frightful; scary; hideous; horrible; terrible; terribly

197
Q

逃

A

táo | to escape; to run away; to flee

198
Q

合同

A

hétong | (business) contract; CL:个

199
Q

面积

A

miànjī | surface area

200
Q

装

A

zhuāng | to pretend; to attire; outfit; adornment; to adorn; to dress; clothing; costume (of an actor in a play); to play a role; to pretend; to install; to fix; to wrap (sth in a bag); to load; to pack

201
Q

意义

A

yìyì | meaning; significance; CL:个

202
Q

县

A

xiàn | county; PRC administrative division below prefecture 地地区[di4 qu4]; CL:个

203
Q

外公

A

wàigōng | (coll.) mother’s father; maternal grandfather;

204
Q

固定

A

gùdìng | fixed; set; regular

205
Q

高级

A

gāojí | high level; high grade; advanced; high-ranking

206
Q

格外

A

géwài | especially; particularly

207
Q

顿

A

dùn | to pause; to stop; to lay out; to kowtow; to stamp; at once; classifier for meals, beating, tellings off etc: time, bout, spell, meal

208
Q

声调

A

shēngdiào | tone; note; a tone (on a Chinese syllable); CL:个

209
Q

一律

A

yílǜ | uniformly; same; all; without exception

210
Q

病毒

A

bìngdú | virus

211
Q

观念

A

guānniàn | thought; notion; concept; sense; views; ideology; general impressions

212
Q

稳定

A

wěndìng | steady; stable; stability; to stabilize; to pacify

213
Q

克服

A

kèfú | (try to) overcome (hardships etc); to conquer; to put up with; to endure

214
Q

手续

A

shǒuxù | formalities; procedures; CL:道[dao4] ,个

215
Q

催

A

cuī | to urge; to press; to prompt; to rush sb; to hasten sth; to expedite

216
Q

嗓子

A

sǎngzi | throat; voice; CL:把[ba3]

217
Q

改正

A

gǎizhèng | to correct; to amend; to put right; correction; CL:个

218
Q

乐观

A

lèguān | optimistic; hopeful

219
Q

照常

A

zhàocháng | (business etc) as usual

220
Q

发抖

A

fādǒu | to tremble; to shake; to shiver; to shudder; tremulous

221
Q

蹲

A

dūn | to crouch; to squat

222
Q

靠

A

kào | to lean against or on; to stand by the side of; to come near to; to depend on; to trust; to fuck (vulgar); traditional military costume drama where the performers wear armor (old);

223
Q

方式

A

fāngshì | way (of life); pattern; style; mode; manner; CL:个

224
Q

作品

A

zuòpǐn | work (of art); opus; CL:部[bu4] ,篇[pian1]

225
Q

戒

A

jiè | to guard against; to exhort; to admonish or warn; to give up or stop doing sth; Buddhist monastic discipline; ring (for a finger);

226
Q

简直

A

jiǎnzhí | simply; at all; practically

227
Q

凭

A

píng | to lean against; to rely on; on the basis of; no matter (how, what etc); proof

228
Q

签

A

qiān | to sign one’s name; to make brief comments on a document; autograph; visa

229
Q

博物馆

A

bówùguǎn | museum

230
Q

悄悄

A

qiāoqiāo | stealthily; quietly; secretly;

231
Q

征求

A

zhēngqiú | to solicit; to seek; to request (opinions, feedback etc); to petition

232
Q

忍不住

A

rěnbuzhù | cannot help; unable to bear

233
Q

蔬菜

A

shūcài | vegetables; produce; CL:种[zhong3]

234
Q

强烈

A

qiángliè | intense; (violently) strong

235
Q

日期

A

rìqī | date (calendar); CL:个

236
Q

圈

A

quān | circle; ring; loop; classifier for loops, orbits, laps of race etc; CL:个

237
Q

悠久

A

yōujiǔ | established; long (about culture, tradtition, history)

238
Q

招待

A

zhāodài | to receive (guests); to entertain; reception

239
Q

拐弯

A

guǎiwān | to go round a curve; to turn a corner; fig. a new direction

240
Q

圆

A

yuán | circle; round; circular; spherical; (of the moon) full; unit of Chinese currency (Yuan); tactful; to justify

241
Q

消极

A

xiāojí | negative; passive; inactive

242
Q

交换

A

jiāohuàn | to exchange; to swap; to switch (telecom); commutative (math); to commute

243
Q

项链

A

xiàngliàn | necklace

244
Q

老板

A

lǎobǎn | boss; keeper

245
Q

税

A

shuì | taxes; duties

246
Q

争论

A

zhēnglùn | to argue; to debate; to contend; argument; contention; controversy; debate; CL:次[ci4] ,场[chang3]

247
Q

狮子

A

shīzi | lion

248
Q

联合

A

liánhé | to combine; to join; unite; alliance

249
Q

涨

A

zhǎng | to rise (of prices, rivers)

250
Q

措施

A

cuòshī | measure; step (to be taken); CL:个

251
Q

光盘

A

guāngpán | compact disc; CD or DVD; CD ROM; CL:片[pian4] ,张[zhang1]

252
Q

延长

A

yáncháng | to prolong; to extend; to delay

253
Q

迫切

A

pòqiè | urgent; pressing

254
Q

爱护

A

àihù | to take care of; to treasure; to cherish; to love and protect

255
Q

宁可

A

nìngkě | preferably; one would prefer to…(or not to…); would rather; (would) be better to; (to pick) the lesser of two evils

256
Q

学历

A

xuélì | educational background; academic qualifications

257
Q

转变

A

zhuǎnbiàn | to change; to transform; CL:个

258
Q

珍惜

A

zhēnxī | to cherish; to value; to treasure

259
Q

摸

A

mō | to feel with the hand; to touch; to stroke; to grope; to feel (one’s pulse)

260
Q

成分

A

chéngfèn | composition; make-up; ingredient; element; component; one’s social status; CL:个

261
Q

命运

A

mìngyùn | destiny; fate; CL:个

262
Q

想象

A

xiǎngxiàng | to imagine; to fancy; CL:个

263
Q

恋爱

A

liànài | (romantic) love; in love; to have an affair; CL:个

264
Q

吹

A

chuī | to blow; to play a wind instrument; to blast; to puff; to boast; to brag; to end in failure; to fall through

265
Q

印刷

A

yìnshuā | to print; printing

266
Q

哎

A

āi | hey! - (interjection used to attract attention or to express surprise or disapprobation)

267
Q

概念

A

gàiniàn | concept; idea; CL:个

268
Q

胃

A

wèi | stomach; CL:个

269
Q

姑姑

A

gūgu | paternal aunt; CL:个

270
Q

充满

A

chōngmǎn | full of; brimming with; very full; permeated

271
Q

酱油

A

jiàngyóu | soy sauce

272
Q

集体

A

jítǐ | collective; social; team; CL:个

273
Q

周到

A

zhōudao | thoughtful; considerate; attentive; thorough

274
Q

省略

A

shěnglvè | to leave out; omission

275
Q

了不起

A

liǎobuqǐ | amazing; terrific; extraordinary

276
Q

辩论

A

biànlùn | debate; argument; to argue over; CL:场[chang3] ,次[ci4]

277
Q

光滑

A

guānghua | glossy; sleek; smooth

278
Q

倒霉

A

dǎoméi | have bad luck; be out of luck

279
Q

完善

A

wánshàn | to perfect; to make perfect; to improve

280
Q

登记

A

dēngjì | to register (one’s name); to check in; enter one’s name

281
Q

急诊

A

jízhěn | emergency call; emergency (medical) treatment;

282
Q

宽

A

kuān | wide; broad; lenient

283
Q

所

A

suǒ | place; location; classifier for houses, small buildings, institutions etc; that which; particle introducing a relative clause or passive; CL:个

284
Q

激烈

A

jīliè | intense; acute; fierce

285
Q

从前

A

cóngqián | previously; formerly; once upon a time

286
Q

摘

A

zhāi | to borrow; to take; to pick (flowers, fruit etc); to pluck; to select; to remove; to take off (glasses, hat etc)

287
Q

胆小鬼

A

dǎnxiǎoguǐ | coward

288
Q

机器

A

jīqì | machine; CL:台[tai2] ,部[bu4] ,个

289
Q

教训

A

jiàoxun | a lesson; a moral; to chide sb; to lecture sb

290
Q

振动

A

zhèndòng | vibration

291
Q

字幕

A

zìmù | caption; subtitle

292
Q

现实

A

xiànshí | reality; actuality; real; actual; CL:个

293
Q

坚决

A

jiānjué | firm; resolute; determined

294
Q

出版

A

chūbǎn | to publish; to come off the press; to put out

295
Q

鼓舞

A

gǔwǔ | heartening (news); boost (morale); CL:个

296
Q

翅膀

A

chìbǎng | wing; CL:个,对[dui4]

297
Q

整体

A

zhěngtǐ | whole entity; entire body; synthesis; as a whole (situation, construction, team etc); global; macrocosm; integral; holistic; whole

298
Q

自豪

A

zìháo | pride; to be proud of sth (in a good way)

299
Q

摄影

A

shèyǐng | to take a photograph; photography; to shoot (a movie)

300
Q

道理

A

dàolǐ | reason; argument; sense; principle; basis; justification; CL:个

HSK5 (5 decks)

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