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Phase 3A medicine > 100 most common drugs in GP > Flashcards

100 most common drugs in GP Flashcards

1
Q

what is Acetylcysteine used for

A

Paracetamol overdose

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2
Q

what is activated charcoal used for

A

In poisoning to reduce GI absorption

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3
Q

what is adenosine used for

A

to reverse supraventricular tachycardias
(+accessory pathways - Wolff-Parkinson white)

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4
Q

How is adenosine given

A

Rapid IV injection

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5
Q

how is acetylcystein given

A

IV infusion

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6
Q

how is activated charcoal given

A

By mouth

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7
Q

what is adrenaline (epinephrine) used for

A

anaphylaxis
Cardiac arrest

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8
Q

what dose of adrenaline is used for CPR

A

1 in 10,000

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9
Q

what dose of adrenaline is used for anaphylaxis

A

1 in 1000

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10
Q

How can adrenaline be administered

A

IV infusin or IM injection

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11
Q

what does adrenaline act on

A

both alpha and beta receptors to increase heart rate and contractility

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12
Q

Give an example of an aldosterone antagonist

A

Spironolactone

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13
Q

indications for spironolactone

A

Ascites
heart failure
Hyperaldosteronism

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14
Q

Give an example of alginates/antacids

A

gaviscon
peptac

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15
Q

What are alginates/antacids used for

A

Dyspepsia
GORD

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16
Q

what is allopurinol used for

A

Gout
tumour lysis syndrome

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17
Q

When must allopurinol not be used

A

During acute flare of gout

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18
Q

give examples of an alpha blocker

A

doxazocin
Tamulosin

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19
Q

indications for an alpha blockers

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (eases muscles to aid urination)
Hypertension

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20
Q

give an example of an aminoglycosides

A

gentamicin

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21
Q

what is gentamicin indicated for

A

Gram-positive bacteria endocarditis
septicaemia

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22
Q

give an example of an aminosalicylate

A

mesalazine and slufasalazine

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23
Q

Indications for mesalazine or sulfasalazine

A

Ulcerative colitis
Rheumatoid arthirits (rarer)

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24
Q

what is amiodarone indicated for

A

arrhythmias - AF, A.flutter, VF, WPW syndrome
Pulseless CPR

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25
Q

Give an example of an ACE-i

A

Ramipril
Lisinopril

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26
Q

when is an ACE-i indicated

A

Hypertension
Heart failure
ACS
IHD
CKD

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27
Q

Give an example of an ARB

A

candersartan
Losartan

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28
Q

indications for an ARB

A

hypertension
CKD
diabetic nephropathy
IHD
Heart failure

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29
Q

Give an example of a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

A

sertraline
Citalopram
fluoxetine

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30
Q

Indications for an SSRI

A

OCD
Anxiety
Depression

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31
Q

give an example of a tricyclic antidepressant

A

amitriptyline

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32
Q

what is a tricyclic antidepressant indicated for

A

depression
neuropathic pain

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33
Q

what is an example of a seretonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor

A

Venlafaxine
Mirtazapine

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34
Q

When is an SNRI indicated

A

anxiety - GAD
depression

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35
Q

give an example of a dopamine D2-receptor antagonist

A

metoclopramide
Domperidone

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36
Q

when is dopamine D2 receptor antagonist indicated

A

nausea and vomiting

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37
Q

give an example of a Histamine H1-receptor antagonist

A

cyclizine
cinnarizine
promethazine

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38
Q

when is a histamine H1-receptor antagonist indicated

A

Nausea and vomiting

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39
Q

give an example of a phenothiazines

A

prochlorperazine
chlorpromazine

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40
Q

what is a phenothiazine indicated for

A

N&V
agitation

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41
Q

what is an example of a serotonin 5-HT3-receptor antagonist

A

ondansetron
Granisetron

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42
Q

what is a Serotonin 5-HT3-receptor antagonist indicated for

A

N&V
Chemotherapy
Panic disorders

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43
Q

give an example of an antifungal drug

A

miconazole
fluconazole
nyastin
clotrimazole

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44
Q

what is an antifungal drug indicated for

A

a fungal infection

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45
Q

give an example of an antihistamine-H1-receptor antagonist

A

Chlorphenamine
cetirizine
loratidine
fexofenadine

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46
Q

when is an antihistamine indicated

A

allergies
hayfever (seasonal rhinitis)
pruritus
utricaria

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47
Q

Give an example of an antimotility drug

A

loperamide
codeine phosphate

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48
Q

what is an antimotility drug indiciated for

A

diarrhoea

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49
Q

give an example of an antimuscarinics - bronchodilators

A

Ipratropium bromide
tiotropium

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50
Q

when is a bronchodilator indicated

A

asthma COPD

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51
Q

give an example of an antimuscarinic - Cardio and GI use

A

atropine
Hyoscine butylbromide
Glycopyrronium

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52
Q

what is an antimuscarinic for Cardio/GI use indicated for

A

bradycardia
IBS
Resp secretions

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53
Q

give an example of an antimuscarinic - For GUM use

A

oxybutinin
tolterodine
solifenacin

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54
Q

when is an antimuscarinic for GUM use indicated

A

Urinary incontinence

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55
Q

Give an example of a typical first generation anti-psychotic

A

haloperidol
chlorpromazine
prochlorperazine

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56
Q

when is a first gen antipsychotic indicated

A

agitation
psychomotor bipolar disorder
N&V
Schizophrenia

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57
Q

give an example of a second gen anti-psychotics (atypical)

A

quetiapine
olanzapine
risperidone
clozapine

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58
Q

give an indication for an atypical antipyschotic

A

agitation
Psychomotor bipolar disorder
schizophrenia

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59
Q

when is aspirin indicated

A

ACS
AF/flutter
fever
IHD
pain
PAD
stroke

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60
Q

what is the loading dose and maintenance dose for aspirin

A

300mg loading
75mg maintenance

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61
Q

give examples of benzodiazepines

A

diazepam
midazolam
temazepam
lrazepam
chlordiazepoxide

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62
Q

when is a benzodiazepine indicated

A

alcohol withdrawal
anxiety
status epilepticus
insomina
sedation

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63
Q

give an example of a beta2-agonist

A

salbutamol
sameterol
terbutaline

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64
Q

when is a beta2-agonist indicated

A

asthmas
COPD
hyperkalaemia

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65
Q

give examples of beta-blockers

A

bisoprolol
atenolol
propranolol
metoprolol

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66
Q

when are beta-blockers indicated

A

ACS
angina
AF/flutter
HF
HTN
IHD
SVT

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67
Q

give examples of bisphosphonates

A

alendronic acid (alendronate)
risderonate
zoledronic acid

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68
Q

when are bisphosphonates indicated

A

bone mets
Hypercalacaemia of malignancy
osteoporosis
pagets disease

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68
Q

give examples of calcium and Vitamin D

A

Adcal-D3
Colecalciferol
Calcium carbonate
Calcium gluconate

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68
Q

when is calcium and Vit D indicated

A

CKD
hyperkalaemia
hypocalacemia
osteoporosis
Vit D deficient

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69
Q

give examples of calcium channel blcokers

A

amlodipine
verapamil
nifedipine
diltiazem

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69
Q

when are CCB indicated

A

angina
AF/flutter
HTN
SVT

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70
Q

when is carbamazepine indicated

A

bipolar disorder
epilepsy
trigeminal neuralgia

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71
Q

give an example of an anticonvulasant

A

carbamazepine

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72
Q

give an example of a cephalosporins and carbapenems

A

cefalexin
cefotaxime
meropenem

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73
Q

when are cephalosporins and carbapenems indicated

A

complex infections
meningitis
pneumonia
spesis
UTI

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74
Q

Give an example of an antiplatelet drug

A

clopidogrel

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75
Q

when is clopidogrel indicated

A

ACS
AF/flutter
IHD
PAD
stroke

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76
Q

give an example of a compound inhaler (B2-agonist + corticosteroid)

A

seretide
symbicort

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77
Q

when is a compound inhaler indicated

A

asthma
COPD
inflammation

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78
Q

give examples of inhaled corticosteroids

A

beclomethasone
fluticasone
budesonide

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79
Q

when are inhaled corticosteroids indicated

A

Asthma
COPD
inflammation

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80
Q

give an example of a systemic corticosteroids

A

prednisolone
hydrocortisone
dexamethasone

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81
Q

Give indications for systemic corticosteroids

A

addisons disease
Adrenal insufficiency
allergy
anaphylaxis
AF/flutter
Chemo
Inflamamtion

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82
Q

give examples of topical corticosteroids

A

hydrocortison
beclometasone

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83
Q

Give an indication for topical corticosteroids

A

eczema

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84
Q

give an example of a cardiac glycoside

A

digoxin

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85
Q

what is digoxin indicated for

A

AF/flutter
HF

86
Q

what is dipyridamole indicated for

A

Myocardial perfusion
scan
stroke

87
Q

give examples of loop diuretics

A

furosemide
bumetanide

88
Q

when is a loop diuretic indicated

A

ascites
HF
breathlessness
oedema (+pulmonary)

89
Q

give an example of a potassium sparing diuretic

A

spironolactone
amiloride

90
Q

when is a potassium sparing diuretic indicated

A

hypokalaemia

91
Q

give examples of thiazide like diuretics

A

bendroflumethiazide
indapamide

92
Q

when are thiazde like diuretics indicated

A

HTN

93
Q

give an example of a dopaminergic drugs for Parkinson’s disease

A

levodopa (co-beneldopa/careldopa)
ropinirole

94
Q

indications for dopaminergic drugs

A

Parkinson’s disease
Secondary parkinsonism

95
Q

give an example of an emollient

A

E45
zerobase
Liquid paraffin

96
Q

when are emollient indicated

A

dry skin
Eczema
Psoriasis

97
Q

give an example of fibrinolytic drugs

A

alteplase
reteplase

98
Q

when are fibrinolytic drugs indicated

A

ACS
IHD
PE
stroke
VTE

99
Q

Give 2 types of anticonvulsants

A

pregabalin
gabapentin

100
Q

when are gabapentin and pregabalin indicated

A

Anxiety - GAD
epilepsy
Focal migraine
neuropathic pain

101
Q

give an example of a H2-receptor antagonists

A

ranitidine

102
Q

when is a H2-receptor antagonist indicated

A

Dyspepsia
GORD
PUD

103
Q

give an example of a heparins

A

enoxaparin
dalteparin
fondaparinux
unfractioned heparin

104
Q

when is heparin indicated

A

ACS
DVT
PE
VTE prophylaxis and treatment

105
Q

when is insulin indicated

A

DM
DKA
hyperglycaemia
Hyperosmolar syndrome
Hyperkalaemia

106
Q

give an example of Iron

A

Ferrous sulfate
Ferrous fumarate

107
Q

when is iron indicated

A

anaemia

108
Q

give an example of a bulk forming laxative

A

isphagula husk
methylcellulose

109
Q

when is a bulk forming laxative indicated

A

constipation
diarrhoea
faecal impaction

110
Q

give an example of an osmotic laxative

A

lactulose
macrogol
phosphate enema

111
Q

when is an osmotic laxative indicated

A

bowel preparation
constipation
faecal impaction
hepatic encephalopathy

111
Q

give an example of a stimulant laxative

A

senna
bisacodyl
glycerol suppositries
docusate sodium

111
Q

when are stimulant laxative indicated

A

constipation
faecal impaction

112
Q

give examples of macrolides

A

clarithromycin
erythromycin
azithromycin

112
Q

what is lidocaine indicated for

A

local anaesthesia

113
Q

when are macrolides indicated

A

H.pylori irradication
pneumonia
skin and sodt tissue infections

114
Q

give an example of a biguanide

A

metformin

115
Q

when is a biguanide indicated

A

DM

116
Q

then is methotrexate indicated

A

chemotherapy
psoriasis
RA

117
Q

when is naloxone indicated

A

opioid toxicity
poisoning

118
Q

when is nicroandil indicated

A

angina

119
Q

what are some nictoine replacement and related drugs

A

bupropion - zyban
vareniciline - champix

120
Q

when is nitrofurantoin indiacted

A

UTI

121
Q

give examples of NSAIDs

A

ibuprofen
naproxen
diclofenac

122
Q

when are NSAIDs indicated

A

Gout
inflammation
pain

123
Q

Give examples of ocular lubricants

A

carbomer
hypromellose

124
Q

when are ocular lubricants indicated

A

dry eyes
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Sjogren’s syndrome

125
Q

give examples of Oestrogens and progesterones

A

Combined pill
desogestrel
Oestrogen only and combines HRT

126
Q

when are oestrogens and progesterones indicated

A

hormonal contraceptions
HRT

127
Q

what are some examples of compound preparation opioids

A

CO-codamol
Co-dydramol

128
Q

when are compound preparation opioids indicated

A

for pain

129
Q

what are some strong opioids

A

morphine
oxycodone
fentanyl

130
Q

when are strong opioids indicated

A

ACS
breathlessness
Pain
Pulm oedema

131
Q

examples of weak opioids

A

codeine
dihydrocodeine
tramadol

132
Q

when are weak opioids indicated

A

pain

133
Q

when is oxygen indicated

A

CO poisioning
Hypoxameia
Pneumothorax
poisoning

134
Q

then is paracetamol indicated

A

fever
pain

135
Q

give examples of penicillins

A

benzylpenicillin
phenoxymethylpenicillin

136
Q

when are penicillins indicated

A

endocarditis
meningitis
pneumonia
sepsis
tonsilitis
tetanus

137
Q

give examples of penicillins, anti-pseudomonal

A

Piperacillin and tazobactam

138
Q

when are penicillins, anti-pseudomonal indicated

A

comple infections
pneumonia
spesis (+intra abdo)
UTI
skin and soft tissue infection

139
Q

give an example of penicillins, penicillinase resistant

A

flucoloxacillin

140
Q

when is flucloxacillin indiciated

A

endocarditis
osteomyeltiis
septic arthritis
skin and soft tissue infections

141
Q

give examples of broad spectrum penicillins

A

amoxicillin
Co-amoxicilline

142
Q

when are broad-spectrum penicillins indicated

A

H.pylori eradication
pneumonia/chest infection
intra-abdo infection
UTI

143
Q

when is phenytoin indicated

A

epilepsy
focal epilepsy
Gen status epilepticus

144
Q

give examples of phosphodiesterases (type 5) inhibitors

A

sildenafil
tadalafil

145
Q

when are phosphodiesterase inhibitors indicated

A

erectile dysfunction
pulmonary hypertension

146
Q

give examples of oral potassium

A

potassium chloride
potassium bicarbonate

147
Q

when is oral potassium indicated

A

electrolyte therapy
hypokalaemia

148
Q

when is IV potassium indicated

A

electrolyte therapy
hypokalaemia

149
Q

give an example of IV potassium

A

Potassium chloride as IV infusion

150
Q

give an example of a prostaglanding analogue eye drops

A

latanoprost
bimatoprost

151
Q

when are prostaglandin eye drops indicated

A

open angle glaucome
ocular hypertension

152
Q

give an example of a proton pump inhibitor

A

omeprazole
lansoprazole

153
Q

when is a PPI indicated

A

dyspepsia
GORD
H.pylori eradication

154
Q

Give an example of a quinine

A

quinine sulfate

155
Q

when are quinines indicated

A

leg cramps
malaria

156
Q

give examples of quinolones

A

ciprofloxacin
levofloxacin

157
Q

when is a quinolone indicated

A

pneumonia
UTI

158
Q

give examples of statins

A

atorvastatin
simvastatin
prevastatin

159
Q

when are statins indicated

A

ACS
Hyperlipidaemia
IHD

160
Q

give an example of a sulfonylurea

A

gliclazide

161
Q

when is a sulfonylurea indicated

A

DM

162
Q

give an example of a tetracyclines

A

oxtetracycline
Doxycycline
Lymecycline

163
Q

when are tetracyclines indicated

A

acne
lyme disease
pneumonia

164
Q

give an example of a thiazolidinediones

A

pioglitazone

165
Q

when are thiazolidinediones indicated

A

DM

166
Q

give an example of a thyroid hormone

A

levothyroxine

167
Q

when is a thyroid hormone indicated

A

hypothyroidism
hypopituitarism

168
Q

when are trimethoprims indicated

A

pneumocystis
pneumonia
UTI

169
Q

give an examples of valproates

A

sodium valproate
valproic acid

170
Q

when are valproates indicated

A

Bipolar disorder
Epilepsy
absence seizure
Focal epilepsy generalised

171
Q

give examples of warfarin/DOACs

A

warfarin
rivaroxiban
apixiban
endoxaban

172
Q

when is warfarin/DOAC indicated

A

AF/flutter
DVT
heart valve replacement
PE
VTE

173
Q

give examples of Z-drugs

A

zopiclone
zolpidem

174
Q

when are Z-drugs indicated

A

Insomnia

175
Q

give an example of a 5a-reductase inhibitors

A

finasteride

176
Q

what is finasteride indicated for

A

BPH

177
Q

what class of drug is spironolactone

A

aldosterone antagonist

178
Q

what class of drug is doxazosin

A

alpha-blocker

179
Q

what class of drug is gentamicin

A

aminoglycosides

180
Q

what class of drug is mesalazine

A

aminosalycilates

181
Q

what class of drug is ramipril

A

ACE-i

182
Q

what class of drug is candersartan

A

ARB

183
Q

what class of drug is citalopram

A

SSRI

184
Q

what class of drug is amitriptyline

A

tricyclic antidepressant

185
Q

what class of drug is metoclopramidea

A

dopamine D2 receptor antagonist

186
Q

what class of drug is cyclizine

A

histamine H1 receptor antagonist

187
Q

what class of drug is ondansetron

A

serotonin 5-HT3- receptor antagonists

188
Q

what class of drug is cetirizine

A

H1-receptor antagonist

189
Q

what class of drug is loperamide

A

antimotility drugs

190
Q

what class of drug is ipratropium bromide

A

bronchodilators - antimuscarinic

191
Q

what class of drug is haloperidol

A

typical anti-psychotic

192
Q

what class of drug is risperidone, clozapine

A

atypical anti-psychotic

193
Q

what class of drug is diazepam

A

benxodiazepines

194
Q

what class of drug is salbutamol

A

beta2-agonists

195
Q

what class of drug is bisoprolol

A

beta-blockerss

196
Q

what class of drug is alendronic acid

A

bisphosphonates

197
Q

what class of drug is amlodipine

A

CCB

198
Q

what class of drug is prednisolone

A

systemic corticosteroid

199
Q

what class of drug is furosemide

A

loop diuretic

200
Q

what class of drug is alteplase

A

fibrinolytic drugs

201
Q

what class of drug is ranitidine

A

H2-receptor antagonist

202
Q

what class of drug is lactulose

A

osmotic laxative

203
Q

what class of drug is senna

A

stimulant laxative

204
Q

what class of drug is glyceryl trinitrate

A

nitrates

205
Q

what class of drug is morphine

A

strong opioid

206
Q

what class of drug is codeine

A

weak opioid

207
Q

what class of drug is sildenafil

A

phosphodiesterase (5) inhibitors

208
Q

what class of drug is omerprazole

A

PPI

209
Q

what class of drug is atorvastatin

A

statins

210
Q

what class of drug is gliclazide

A

sulphonylureas

211
Q

what class of drug is rivaroxaban/apixaban

A

DOACs

212
Q

what class of drug is finasteride

A

5a-reductase inhibitors

Phase 3A medicine (5 decks)

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