100 key concepts

Question 1

what is studied in earth and planetary science

Answer 1

geology, Astronomy, and meteorology

Question 2

what is the human population

Answer 2

~7 billion people

Question 3

what is the formula for density

Answer 3

mass divided by volume

Question 4

a substance will float in a liquid if

Answer 4

its density is less than the density of the liquid

Question 5

what tool is used to measure the mass of an object

Answer 5

a balance or scale

Question 6

(RM) what are rocks made of

Answer 6

a combination of minerals

Question 7

(RM) the idea that rocks continuously change from one kind to another is called

Answer 7

the rock cycle

Question 8

(RM) name 3 classifications of rocks

Answer 8

1. igneous
2. sedimentary
3. metamorphic

Question 9

(RM) how are igneous rocks formed

Answer 9

from the cooling and hardening of magma

Question 10

(RM) how are sedimentary rocks formed

Answer 10

from the deposition and cementing of sediments

Question 11

(RM) how are metamorphic rocks formed

Answer 11

from changes of other rocks

Question 12

(RM) the 2 main rocks of the earths crust

Answer 12

granite and basalt

Question 13

(RM) what is moh’s hardness scale

Answer 13

a scale that rates minerals from softest (1) to hardest (10)

Question 14

(RM) what is the hardest mineral known

Answer 14

diamond

Question 15

(Soil) the upper 8-12 in of ground is called the

Answer 15

topsoil

Question 16

(Soil) what is weathering

Answer 16

the process of rocks breaking down rocks

Question 17

(Soil) the process which moves soil from 1 place to another

Answer 17

erosion

Question 18

(Soil) the 2 main ingredients in soil are

Answer 18

weathers rocks and organic matter

Question 19

(Pt) what do we call the part of earth made up of the crust and upper mantle

Answer 19

lithosphere

Question 20

(Pt) what does the theory of tectonics tell scientists

Answer 20

that the earth is broken into pieces (called plates) that move

Question 21

(Pt) the 3 types of boundaries are

Answer 21

divergent, convergent, and transform fault

Question 22

(Pt) the last supercontinent was called

Answer 22

pangaea

Question 23

(Pt) how do plates move along a divergent plate boundary

Answer 23

the plates move apart

Question 24

(Pt) how do plates move along a convergent boundary

Answer 24

the plates move together

Question 25

(Pt) how do plates move along a Transform fault boundary

Answer 25

the plates slide (grind) past each other

Question 26

(Pt) the only plate boundary in the US in found

Answer 26

along the pacific coast

Question 27

(Pt) the shaking and trembling that results from sudden movement of part of earths crust is called

Answer 27

an earthquake

Question 28

(Pt)three types of volcanoes are

Answer 28

shield, cinder cone, and composite

Question 29

(Pt) three land forms created by rivers are

Answer 29

v-shaped valleys, canyons, deltas, oxbow lakes, gorges, flood plains, bluffs, or waterfalls

Question 30

(Pt) three land forms created by glaciers are

Answer 30

u-shaped valleys, kettle lakes, ridges, hills, or moraines

Question 31

(Pt) three land forms created by plat movement are

Answer 31

mountains, volcanoes, rift valleys, trenches, island arcs, or fault lines

Question 32

(Pt) three land forms created by waves are

Answer 32

beaches, cliffs, caves, sea stacks, isthmus, peninsulas, straits, or spits

Question 33

(Pt) what do contours show on a topographic map

Answer 33

points of similar elevation

Question 34

(Gt) the primary eras which make up earths past are

Answer 34

pre-cambrian time, paleozoic time, mesozic time, cenozoic time

Question 35

(Gt) which era accounts for 90% of earths past

Answer 35

pre-cambrian time

Question 36

(Gt) what does the law of superposition tell scientists

Answer 36

it states that rocks are formed in layers, the rock in the upper layer in younger than the rock in the layer below it

Question 37

(Gt) how can the exact age of a rock be measured

Answer 37

by analyzing the amount of radioactive decay that has occurred in the rock