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PSA > 100 important drugs to know - part 1 > Flashcards

100 important drugs to know - part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Digoxin indication

A
  • AF or flutter

- heart failure

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2
Q

Digoxin contra-indications

A
  • constrictive pericarditis
  • hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • intermittent complete heart block
  • myocarditis
  • second degree AV block
  • SVT arrhythmias eg WPW syndrome
    = VF
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3
Q

Digoxin common or very common SE

A
  • arrhythmia
  • blurred/yellow vision
  • d+v
  • eosinophilia/ rash
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4
Q

Digoxin monitoring

A

Us/Es

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5
Q

Digoxin drug class

A

cardiac glycoside

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6
Q

Bendroflumethiazide indications

A

Oedema

Hypertension

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7
Q

Dose of Bendroflumethiazide for HTN

A

2.5 mg OD

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8
Q

Dose of Bendroflumethiazide for oedema

A

5-10 mg OD or alternate days

1-3/7 for maintenance

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9
Q

Contra-indications of Bendroflumethiazide

A
  • addisons
  • high Ca, urea
  • low K, Na
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10
Q

Cautions with Bendroflumethiazide

A
  • DM
  • gout
  • SLE
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11
Q

Monitoring for Bendroflumethiazide

A

Us/Es

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12
Q

Drug class of Bendroflumethiazide

A

thiazide diuretics

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13
Q

Furosemide mech of action

A

Loop diuretic; inhibits reabsorption

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14
Q

Furosemide indications

A

oedema

resistant oedema/ HTN

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15
Q

Dose of furosemide for oedema (non resistant)

A

start with 40 mg OD, maintain 20-40 mg OD

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16
Q

Dose of furosemide for resistant HTN

A

40-80 mg OD PO

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17
Q

Contra-indications of furosemide

A

renal failure

low Na or K

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18
Q

Main SE of furosemide

A
  • hepatic impairment due to low K- could lead to encephalopathy and coma
  • renal impairment
  • tinnitus and deafness if rapidly administrated
19
Q

Monitoring of furosemide

A

Us and Es

20
Q

Spironolactone indications

A
  • Oedema due to heart failure
  • Ascites due to cirrhosis of liver
  • nephrotic syndrome
  • resistant HTN
21
Q

Dose of spironolactone for oedema

A

100-400 mg OD

22
Q

Dose of spironolactone for HTN

A

25 mg OD

23
Q

Contra indications to spironolactone

A

Addisons
Anuria
High K

24
Q

Monitoring of spironolactone

A

Plasma K levels- high risk of hyperkalaemia

25
Q

Drug class of spironolactone

A

aldosterone antagonist

26
Q

Indications of Co-amilofruse

A

oedema

27
Q

What is co amilofruse made of

A

amiloride + furosemide

28
Q

Amiloride indications

A
  • oedema

- K conservation when used with other diuretics

29
Q

Dose of amiloride for oedema

A

10 mg OD or 5mg BD

max daily =20mg

30
Q

Monitoring of amiloride

A

monitor electrolytes (high risk of hyper K)

31
Q

Adenosine indication

A
  • rapid reversion to sinus rhythm from SVTs

- used in myocardial perfusion imaging in patients who cannot exercise adequately

32
Q

Dose of adenosine for rapid reversion to sinus rhythm

A
  • 6mg IV over 2secs,

- followed by a possible 2 more 12mg doses 1-2 min apart if required

33
Q

Contra-indications of adenosine

A
  • asthma, copd
  • decompensated heart failure
  • Long QT
  • 2/3rd degree HB
  • severe hypotension
34
Q

Common SEs of adenosine

A
  • angina (discontinue if)
  • apprehension
  • arrhythmia, AV block
  • SOB
  • nausea
  • headache, dizziness
35
Q

Monitoring for adenosine

A

ECG monitoring

resus facilities should be available

36
Q

Amiadarone indication

A
  • arrhythmias

- If Refractory to defib: ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia

37
Q

Amiadarone dose

A

PO: 200 mg TDS 3days 1st wk, then 200mg BD for 2nd wk, then 20mg OD

IV: 5mg/Kg over 20-120 mins, max 1.2 g daily

38
Q

Interactions of amiodarone

A

very long half life

interactions may occur several wks/months after taking

39
Q

Common SEs of amiodarone

A
  • Low HR
  • high/low thyroid
  • pulmonary toxicity
  • jaundice, nausea/ vomiting
  • grey skin discolouration, phototoxicity
  • reversible corneal microdeposits
40
Q

Monitoring of amiadarone

A 
Every 6 mo: 
- TFT
- LFTs
Before start : 
- K, LFTs, TFT
- CXR
41
Q

Monitoring of iv amiadarone

A

ECG monitoring and resuscitation facilities must be available.
- plus liver transaminases

42
Q

Concomitant use of which drugs and amiadarone should be avoided

A

Hep C anitretroviral rx:

sofosbuvir and daclatasvir, simeprevir and sofosbuvir, or sofosbuvir and ledipasvir

43
Q

Why should avoid treating hep c and amiadarone at the same time

A

risk of severe bradycardia and HB

PSA (3 decks)

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