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Medical Terminology > 100 Basic Medical Terms > Flashcards

100 Basic Medical Terms Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

abduction

A

away from midline of body

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2
Q

adduction

A

toward the midline of body

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3
Q

-algia

A

pain in a specified part of the body

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4
Q

annular

A

ring-like structure/shape

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5
Q

aphasia

A

loss of ability to understand or express speech, caused by brain damage

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6
Q

apnea

A

temporary cessation of breathing, especially during sleep

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7
Q

arrhythmia

A

irregular or abnormal heart beats

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8
Q

ascites

A

accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, causing abdominal swelling

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9
Q

aural/auricular

A

relating to the ear or the sense of hearing

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10
Q

auscultate

A

examine a patient by listening to sounds from (the heart, lungs, or other organs), typically using a stethoscope

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11
Q

axilla

A

space below the shoulder through which vessels and nerves enter and leave the upper arm; armpit

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12
Q

borborygmi

A

rumbling or gurgling noise made by the movement of fluid and gas in the intestines

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13
Q

brady-

A

slow

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14
Q

bruit

A

audible vascular sound associated with turbulent blood flow

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15
Q

bulla

A

a fluid-filled sac or lesion that appears when fluid is trapped under a thin later of skin

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16
Q

cachexia

A

loss of body weight and muscle mass, weakness may occur

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17
Q

caudal

A

of or like a tail

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18
Q

cephalad

A

towards the head or anterior end of the body

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19
Q

cerumen

A

earwax

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20
Q

costochondral

A

joints between each rib and its costal cartilage

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21
Q

crural

A

relating to the leg or the thigh

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22
Q

cyanotic

A

marking by or causing a bluish or purplish discoloration due to deficient oxygenation of the blood

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23
Q

Diplopia

A

Double vision

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24
Q

Distended

A

Swollen due to pressure from inside, bloated,

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25
Q

Dorsal

A

Of, on, or relating to the upper side or back of an animal, plant, or organ

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26
Q

Dys-

A

Bad, difficult

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27
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult or labored breathing

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28
Q

Ecchymosis

A

A discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising

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29
Q

-ectomy

A

Denoting a surgical removal of a specified part of the body

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30
Q

Ectopic

A

In an abnormal place or position

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31
Q

Edema

A

Condition characterized by an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body

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32
Q

Effusion

A

An escape of fluid into a body cavity

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33
Q

Emesis

A

Action or process of vomiting

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34
Q

Endogenous

A

Growing or originating from within an organism, inside

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35
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nosebleed

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36
Q

Erythematous

A

Abnormal redness of the skin or mucous membranes due to the accumulation of blood in dilated capillaries (as in inflammation), skin redness

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37
Q

-esthesia

A

?

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38
Q

Eversion

A

Act of turning inside out

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39
Q

Exogenous

A

Growing or originating from outside an organism

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40
Q

Exudate

A

Fluid that leaks out of the blood vessels into nearby tissues

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41
Q

Fasciculation

A

Brief, spontaneous contraction affecting a small number of muscle fibers, often causing a flicker of movement under the skin

42
Q

Febrile

A

Having or showing the symptoms of a fever

43
Q

Fibrosis

A

Development of fibrous connective tissue as a reparative response to injury or damage

44
Q

Fissure

A

Cleft or groove

45
Q

Fistula

A

Abnormal or surgically made passage between a hollow or tubular organ and the body surface, or between two hollow or tubular organs

46
Q

Heme-

A

Deep red, iron-containing compound

47
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Coughing up blood

48
Q

Holo-

A

Whole, entire, complete

49
Q

Hyper-

A

High, beyond, excessive, above normal

50
Q

Hypo-

A

Low, under, beneath, down, below normal

51
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Relating to illness caused by medical examination or treatment

52
Q

Inguinal

A

Of the groin

53
Q

Inversion

A

Turning inward, inside out, or other reversal of the normal relation of a part

54
Q

-itis

A

Forming names of inflammatory diseases

55
Q

Lichenification

A

When your skin becomes thick and leathery, result of constant scratching or rubbing

56
Q

Maceration

A

Softening and breaking down of skin resulting from prolonged exposure to moisture

57
Q

Macule

A

Flat, distinct, discolored area of skin less than 1 cm wide

58
Q

Myalgia

A

Pain in a muscle or group of muscles

59
Q

Nystagmus

A

Involuntary eye movement which may cause the eye to rapidly move from side to side, up and down, or in a circle, and may slightly blur vision

60
Q

-osis

A

Denoting a process or condition

61
Q

-pathy

A

Denoting a disorder in a particular part of the body

62
Q

Palpate

A

Examine (a part of the body) by touch, especially for medical purposes

63
Q

Palpitation

A

A noticeably rapid, strong, or irregular heartbeat due to agitation, exertion, or illness

64
Q

Papule

A

Small, raised, solid pimple or swelling, often forming part of a rash on the skin and typically inflamed but not producing pus

65
Q

Patent

A

Open, unobstructed affording free passage

66
Q

Pendulous

A

Inclined or hanging downward

67
Q

Percuss

A

Gently tap (a part of the body) with a finger or an instrument as part of a diagnosis

68
Q

Pneumo-

A

Relating to the lungs

69
Q

Prone

A

Front (or ventral) surface downward

70
Q

Protuberant

A

Swelling outward, bulging

71
Q

Pruritis

A

Itchy skin?

72
Q

Purulent

A

Consisting of, containing, or discharging pus

73
Q

Pustule

A

Bulging patch of skin that’s full of yellow in fluid called pus

74
Q

-rrhea

A

Discharge, flow

75
Q

Rubor

A

Redness of the skin (as from inflammation)

76
Q

Scaphoid

A

Navicular sense, largest carpal bone of the proximal row of the wrist that occupies the most lateral position on the thumb side

77
Q

Serosanguinous

A

Contains or related to both blood and the liquid part of blood (serum)

78
Q

Serous

A

Relating to, producing, or resembling serum (clear liquid that can be separated from clotted blood)

79
Q

Stasis

A

Stoppage or slowdown in the flow of blood or other body fluid

80
Q

Stellate

A

Shaped like a star or stellate ulcer

81
Q

Stenosis

A

Abnormal narrowing of a passage in the body

82
Q

Striae

A

Stretch marks- irregular areas of skin that look like bands, stripes, or lines

83
Q

Stridor

A

Harsh vibrating noise when breathing, caused by obstruction of the windpipe or larynx

84
Q

Sulcus

A

Groove or furrow, especially one on the surface fo the brain

85
Q

Supine

A

With the back or dorsal surface downward

86
Q

Tachy-

A

Rapid

87
Q

Tactile

A

Having to do with touch

88
Q

Telangiectasia

A

Dilated small blood vessels on the skin or mucous membranes, anywhere in the body

89
Q

Tinnitus

A

Ringing in the ears

90
Q

Torsion

A

Twisting of a bodily organ or part on its own axis intestinal torsion

91
Q

Tussive

A

Relating to coughing

92
Q

Valgus

A

A deformity involving oblique displacement of part of a limb away from the midline

93
Q

Varicose

A

Affected by a condition causing the swelling and tortuous lengthening of veins, most often in the legs

94
Q

Variegated

A

Diversification or alteration of phenotype produced by a change in the genotype during somatic development

95
Q

Ventral

A

Front or anterior of any structure

96
Q

Vertigo

A

Sudden internal or external spinning sensation, often triggered by moving your head too quickly

97
Q

Vesicle

A

In dermatology- small blisters, most often on the skin

98
Q

Volar

A

Relating to the palm of the hand or the sold of the foot

99
Q

Xanthelasma

A

Buildup of fats under the surface of the skin, giving the appearance of a raised sore or bump muscle

100
Q

Varus

A

Relating to, or being a deformity in which an anatomical part is turned inward toward the midline of the body

Medical Terminology (3 decks)

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