100-150 Flashcards
What is Serine?
It is a small grape that mainly can be found in Côte-Rôtie. Many wine books say it is Shiraz, they come for sure from the same heritage, though some studies show it is a grape variety on its own.
How is Zinfandel called in Italy? In Croatia (2vastust)?
Primitivo, Crljenak Kaštelanski, Tribidrag
Which are clonal mutations of Sauvignon Blanc:
a. Sauvignon Gris
b. Sauvignon Vert
c. All of the above
a) Sauvignon Gris
Name the original 6 red grapes of Bordeaux!
Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Malbec, Petit Verdot, Carménère
Pinotage is cross of what grapes? Who made the crossing and when?
Pinot Noit+ Cinsault (formerly known as Hermitage)
Abraham Izak Perold 1925
What is Vin Gris?
White wine, made from red grapes (Pinot Noir in particular)- grapejuice is removed from contact with the skin, and gets a slight pinkish colour from the crushing.
Rondo is a crossing of what grapes?
Zarya Severa (vitis amurensis)+ St Laurent
Which weather phenomenon affects following wine countries / areas:
Humbolt stream, Benguela stream, Gulf stream, Mistral, Alaska current
a. Chile
b. Procence
c. South Africa
d. California
e. Germany
a. Chile Humbolt stream
b. Procence Mistral
c. South Africa Benguela stream
d. California Alaska current
e. Germany Gulf stream
To which district is pruning method called Vara y Pulgar typical of?
Jerez and some other areas in southern Spain
What does a term “franc de pied” mean?
Ungrafted wines (pookimata viinapuud, originaaljuured)
What makes Pédebernade vines planted in Gers, France special?
Pre Phylloxera vineyard that is ~190+ years old
A technique once banned in EU and legalized in 2009- “reverse osmosis” is used for what?
An alcohol adjustment technique, that separates wine into two constituent parts, permeate and retenate. The permeate, which contains water and ethanol, is then distilled to a proper level before being recombined with the retentate- the wine’s aromatic compounds- at a lower percentage of alcohol. In EU it is allowed when alcohol level is not adjusted by more than 2%.
Why French and American oak leave different effect on wine?
French oak is less porous.
French oak is usually split, while american oak is sawn - which releases more vanillin and lactones.
French oak is often air-dried, while american oak is often kiln-dried (ahjus kuivatamine)
In which wine making region following soil types can be found and what is their main composition:
a. Llicorella
b. Terra Rossa
c. Tuffa
d. Galets
e. Kimmeridge
a. Llicorella Priorat, slate
b. Terra Rossa Coonawarra, La Mancha, Italy, red clay
c. Tuffa Tuscany, variety of limestone
d. Galets Chateauneuf-du-Pape, round rocks or pebbles on clay soil
e. Kimmeridge Chablis, calcareous clay containing Kimmeridgian limestone
In which wine making region following soil types can be found and what is their main composition:
f. Boulbène
g. Galestro
h. Greywacke
i. Silex
f. Boulbène Entre-Deux-Mers (Bordeaux), Fine siliceous soil
g. Galestro Tuscany, Schist
h. Greywacke Germany, New Zealand, Sedimentary soil formed by rivers depositing quartz, and mudstone
i. Silex- A flint and sand based soil that is a formed from a mixture of clay, limestone and silica
What gives the colour to famous Terra Rossa soil?
Iron oxide (rust) forming in the clay
How many sun hours a vine needs and how many millimeters of rain?
1300 sun hours; 690-700mm rain
Why is red wine mainly fermented on much higher temperatures than white wine?
Red wines should be fermented between 21-30°C. Red wines should be fermented at higher temperatures to allow for better color extraction, tannin extraction, and to limit fruitiness which is undesirable in most red wines.
Name a yeast that can tolerate alcohol levels of 17–20% and is often used in fortified wine production such as ports and varieties such as Zinfandel and Syrah harvested at high Brix sugar levels
Saccharomyces bayanus
” Black Measles “ is a nickname in California used to describe what ?
Esca
