10 week test questions Flashcards
how does air circulate within a cyclone in the northern hemisphere
counter clockwise and toward the center of the cyclone
the properties of an air mass are mostly determined by the
source of region where the air mass formed
air mass ascociated with low relative humidity and high air temperature
continental tropical
an air mass classified as cT usually forms over wich type of earth surface
warm land
compared to a maritime tropical air mass a continental polar air mass is
cooler and contains less moisture
tornadoes occur when a very cold, dry air mass meets a very warm , wet air mass. wich two air masses would most likely form a tornado when they meet
cP and mT
wich weather instrument does victoria use to measure wind speed
anemometer
vince measures a mineral sample to have a density of 3.0 g/cm cubed. he then breaks the mineral into two equal pieces. each of the pieces has a density of
3.0
water has the greatest density at
4 degrees celcius liquid phase
as the temperature of a gas increases its density decreases
when lily pours a very cold milk into a cup of very hot coffee the milk will first
sink to the bottom of the cup
as water cools from 10 degrees to 0 degrees its density will
increase then decrease
you can make an object more dense by
decreasing temperature and increasing pressure
the correct explaination of why ice floats is that compared to liquid water sold ice is
less dense
mass of an object
the amount of matter in an object
weight of an object
the pull of gravity on an object
the best definition of temperature is
a measure of the speed of molecules in a substance
as you go lower in elevation the force of gravity
increases
there are ______ meters in a kilometer
1000
there is less gravity on the moon because
the moon is smaller than earth
you weigh less on the top of mount everest because
the pull of gravity is weaker on the top of mt everest
scientists consider mass to be more useful because
mass does not change but weight does
where in the united states would you weigh the most
death valley california
as an object goes from 105 to 68 to 284 the molecules will
speed up then slow down
the most accurate reading for the volume of a liquid is at
the bottom of a miniscus
the most abudant gas in the troposphere is
nitrogen
the altitude of the stratopause is aporximitley
31 miles
as you go higher through the stratosphere the temperature
increases
the most water vapor in our atmosphere is in the
troposphere
our atmosphere is divided into different layers based on
temperature trends
the wet bulb temp is usually lower than the dry bulb temp on a sling physcrometer because
water evaporates from it
the cloud in the jar was made because
water vapor was in the jar wich cooled to the dew point and there are condensation nuclei in the jar
what causes wind to blow
a difference in air pressure
in the classroom during a visual inspection of a rock jj recorded four statements abt the rock what statement is an observation
the rock is formed in a volcano
evaporation is
a cooling process
in a proper scientific notation 187000 km is written as
1.87x10⁵
a sheet of paper 0.0004.5 cm thick. this can be expressed correctly as
4.5x 10⁻⁴
wich term best defined as the measure of the amount of space a substance occupies
volume
wich of theese measurments represents the coldest temperature
256K
best definition of temp is
a measure of the speed of molecules in a substance
what about the moon is true
there is less gravity on the moon than earth because the moon is smaller than earth
earth science ed has a mass of 66kg and a weight of 108 lbs on the moon he would have
66 kg and 18 lbs
water has the greatest density at
4 degrees celcius liquid phase
nick has a mineral with a density of 3.0 g/cm³ what is the density of the smaller pieces
3.0 g/cm³
as water cools from 10 degrees celcius to 0 degrees celcius its density
increases, then decreases
a substance can be made less dense by
increasing temperature and decreasing pressure
air pressure is usually the highest
cold and dry
why do most streans in New York have a greater steam discharge in spring/summer?
melting snow increases discharge in spring
wich property of water makes frost action a common and effective form of weathering
water expands when it freezes
landscapes will undergo the most chemical weathering if the climate is
warm and wet
rusting occurs from the reaction of
Iron and Oxygen
which type of climate has the greayest amount of rock weathering caused by frost action
a wet climate in which temp alternates from below freezing to above freezing
a stream with a steep gradient
flows rapidly producing a v-shaped valley
Rochester ny is located on
less resistant bedrock in lowlands
what best describes sediments deposited by glaciers and rivers
glacial deposites are unsorted, and river deposits are sorted
the weak acid in all rainwater is produced by the reaction of
water and carbon dioxide
which glacial feature is evidence of how far a glacier moved in the past
terminal moraine
a sedimentary particle is dropped into a cylinder of water. the particle will settle the fastest if it has
high density, large size and round shape
how are materials carried in a river
in solution
which of theese statements about glaciers is true
there have been several ice ages on earth
what best describes a measure of the amount of space an object occupies
volume
earth scientists know that mass is a more useful measurement than weight because
mass remains consistent while weight changes in different locations
as water cools from 10 degrees to 0 degrees its density will
increase then decrease
you can make an object more dense by
decreasing temperature increasing pressure
the photo shows Mr Lambert with a grape in a liquid beaker which of the following statements is true
the grape is suspended because it has the same density as the liquid in the beaker
Brock’s rock has a density of 5.0 g/cm3 Brock cuts his rock in half. what will each piece have a density of?
5.0 g/cm3
a barometric pressure of 1021.0 millibars is equal to how many inches of mercury
30.15
air pressure is usually highest when the air is
cold and dry
what is the dewpoint temperature when the dry bulb temperature is 14c and the wet bulb temp is 10c
6c
precipitation from a warmfront is usually
light and long lasting
in which zone of the atmosphere would a temp of -80c most likely occur
mesosphere
which sequence of events affecting moist air within earths atmosphere causes cloud formation
rising –> expanding –> cooling –> condestion
the Earth’s actual shapeis most correctly described as
a slightly oblate spheroid
compared to Andrews weight at the north pole his weight at the equator would be
slightly less because he is farther from the center of the earth
as Clara travels north in New York state for a week she notices that Polaris appears to
get higher in the sky each night
which type of climate has the greatest amount of weathering caused by frost action
a wet climate in which temperatures alternate from below freezing to above freezing
landscapes will undergo the most chemical weathering if the climate is
warm and wet
which rock weathers the most rapidly when exposed to H2CO3 in rainwater
limestone
a rock will weather faster after it has been crushed because its
surface area has been increased
old forge NY is located on
more resistant bedrock bc it is in mountains
which particles will be transported by a stream moving at a velocity of 5 cm/s
sand silt and clay only
which rock material was most likely transported to its present location by a glacier
unsorted loose gravel found in hillsw
which agent of erosion most likely formed the drumlins and finger lakes in New York state
glaciers
the physical properties of minerals result from their
internal arrangement of atoms
which mineral has a metallic luster, has a black streaks and is an ore of iron
magnetite
which rock of felsic composition is low in density, light in color and coarse grained
granite
which sequence of change in rock type occurs as shale is subjected to increasing heat and pressure
shale- slate- phyllite-schist-gneiss
at rachels rock shop their is a special sale on any rock with the same mineral composition as granite since Rachel paid attention in es which of theese rocks is on sale
rhyolite
what is ozone?
03
where is the ozone layer
in the stratosphere
what does the ozone layer do?
absorbs most of the harmful uv radiation from the sun
what happens when there is less ozone
more uv radiation reaches earth
what chemical causes ozone depletion
cfcs-chlauroflaurocarbons
what are cfs
used as aerosol spray can propellants
Kepler’s law of planetary motion
a statellite orbits a primary in an elliptical path. the primary is located at a focus point of the ellipsecl
closets focus point
perigee
periphelion
gravity
the force of attraction between any two objects
mass on each object
more mass- stronger gravity
double 2x the mass–> gravity is 2x stronger
3x less mass –> 3x less weaker
inverse square law
objects move 2x closer- objects are 4x stronger
objects move 3x farther- objects are 9x weaker
Foucault’s pendulum
the direction for swing of a pendulum will appear to change the direction of swing as earth rotates underneath it – 15 degrees/ hour
the actual shape of the Earth’s orbit around the sun is best described as
a slightly eccentric ellipse
which planet has an orbital eccentricity most likely the orbital eccentricity of the moon
saturn
if jupiter were to move 3x farther away from the sun the force of gravitational attraction would be
1/9 as much
the same side of the moon always faces earth because
moons period of rotation is equal to its period of revolution around earth
eclipses do not occur every month because the moons
orbit is slightly tilted compared to earth
which planet could float if it was placed in water
saturn
compare to the terrestrial planets the jovian planets are
larger and less dense
which planet has the biggest change in velocity as it orbits the sun
mercury bc it has the highest eccentricity orbit
which planet takes longer to complete one rotation on its axis than it does to complete one orbit of the sun
venus
compared with our sun betelgues is
larger cooler and more luminous
which star indicates the hottest star surface temp
blue
the process that produces the energy that is released by stars is
nuclear fusion
the shadow line on the moon that separates lunar day from lunar night is the
terminator
