10 steps of glycolysis Flashcards
What is the first step of glycolysis?
Glucose is phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate.
In glycolysis, what is the second step after glucose-6-phosphate?
Glucose-6-phosphate is converted to fructose-6-phosphate.
What is produced in the third step of glycolysis?
Fructose-6-phosphate is phosphorylated to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.
What happens to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate in the fourth step?
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is split into two three-carbon molecules.
What are the two three-carbon molecules produced in glycolysis?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.
What process occurs in the fifth step of glycolysis?
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
What is the sixth step of glycolysis?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is oxidized and phosphorylated to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate.
What important molecule is generated in the seventh step of glycolysis?
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is converted to 3-phosphoglycerate, producing ATP.
In the eighth step of glycolysis, what transformation occurs?
3-phosphoglycerate is converted to 2-phosphoglycerate.
What is the ninth step of glycolysis?
2-phosphoglycerate is dehydrated to phosphoenolpyruvate.
What is the final product of glycolysis?
Phosphoenolpyruvate is converted to pyruvate, generating ATP.
True or False: Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria.
False, glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm.
What is the net gain of ATP from one molecule of glucose during glycolysis?
The net gain is 2 ATP molecules.
Fill in the blank: Glycolysis is an anaerobic process that converts _____ to pyruvate.
glucose
Which molecule is the starting substrate for glycolysis?
Glucose.
What are the end products of glycolysis?
2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, and 2 NADH.
How many steps are there in glycolysis?
There are 10 steps.
What type of reaction occurs in the sixth step of glycolysis?
An oxidation-reduction reaction.
During which step of glycolysis is ATP consumed?
In the first and third steps.
What is the role of NAD+ in glycolysis?
NAD+ acts as an electron carrier, being reduced to NADH.
What is the significance of phosphoenolpyruvate in glycolysis?
Phosphoenolpyruvate has a high-energy phosphate group that drives ATP synthesis.
What is the fate of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions?
Pyruvate is converted to lactate or ethanol.
True or False: Glycolysis is the first step in cellular respiration.
True.
What intermediate molecule is formed after the splitting of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate?
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate.
