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Science Grade 10 > 10 Science > Flashcards

10 Science Flashcards

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1
Q

Is the push and pull of an object in a particular direction

A

Force

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2
Q

Is an object that is made of materials that create a magnetic field

A

Magnets

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3
Q

External force given of by a magnet and a area in which a magnet force can be felt

A

Magnet fields

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4
Q

External force given of by a magnet and a area in which a magnet force can be felt

A

Magnet fields

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5
Q

Is the property and interraction of magnets

A

Magnetism

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6
Q

2 types of magnets

A

Natural and artificial

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7
Q

Stone which possess the property to attract other stones are called load stone

A

Natural magnets

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8
Q

Do not need matter to transfer energry

A

Electromagnetic waves

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9
Q

Are made by vibrating electric charges and can travel through space by transfering enery between vibrating electric and magnetic fields

A

Electromagnetic waves

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10
Q

How does moving charges create magnetic fields

A

Any moving electric charges is surrounded by an electric field and magnetic field

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11
Q

Making of Electromagnetic waves

A

When an electric charge vibrate, the electric fields around it changes creating a changing magnetic fields

The magnetic and electric fields create each other again and again

An EM wave travels in all direction. The figure only shows a wave travelling in one direction.

Electric and magnetic fields vibrate at right angles to the direction the wave travels so it is a transverves wave

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12
Q

Properties of EM Waves

A

All matter contains charged particles that are always moving,. Therefore all objects emit EM waves

The wavelenghts become shorter as the temperature of the material increases

EM waves carry radiant energy

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13
Q

What is the speed of EM waves

A

300000 km/sec in space or vacuum
(speed of light natures limit

EM waves usually travel slowest in solid and fastest in gases

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14
Q

Speed of EM wave
Vacuum=?

A

300,000 km/sec

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15
Q

Speed of EM waves
Air=??

A

<300,000km/sec

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16
Q

Speed of EM wave
Water=?

A

226,000km/sec

17
Q

Speed of EM wave
Glass=?

A

200,000km/sec

18
Q

Speed of EM wave
Diamond=?

A

124,000km/sec

19
Q

What is the wavelenght and frequency of an EM wave?

A

Wavelenght = distance from crest to crests
Frequency=number of wavelength that pass a given point in 1 sec.

As frequency increase wavelenght becomes smaller

20
Q

How does a radio receives different stations?

A

The modified carrier wave vibrates electrons in the stations antennae creating a radio wave that travels out in all directions at the speed of light to your radio antennae

The vibrating electrons produce a changing electric current which your radio seperates the carrier wave from the signal to make the speaker vibrate creating sound waves

21
Q

What is an AM radio?

A

In Am amplitude changes but frequency does not. AM frequency range from 540,000 Hz to 1,6000,000 Hz usually listed in kHz

22
Q

What is an FM radio

A

In FM radio station transmit broadcast information by changing the frequency of the carrier wave. The strength of FM waves is always the same and is in megahertz
Mega=million

23
Q

Uses radio waves to send electronic signals in a carier waves

Sound is sent by FM; color and brightness is sent at the same time by AM signals

A

Television

24
Q

Sound waves - microphone - electrical signals - radio waves - transmitted to and from microwave tower - receiver - electrical signal - speaker - sound wave

A

Telephones

25
Q

How do cordless phones work?

A

Cell phones and cordless telephones transceivers devices that transmits one signal and receives another radio signals from a base unit

You can talk and listen at the same time because the two signals are the different frequencies

26
Q

A ____ is a small radio receiver with a phone number. A caller leaves a message at a terminal with a callback number

At the terminal the message is turned into an electronic signal transmitted by radio waves

Newer ____ can send and receive mesages

A

Pagers

27
Q

Thousand if satellites orbit Earth. A radio or TV station sends microwave signals to the satellite which amplifies the signal and sends it back to a different place on Earth. Satellite uses different frequency to send and receive.

A

Communication Satellites

28
Q

_______ is a system of 24 satellites, ground monitoring stations and portable receivers that determine your exact location on Earth. ______ receiver measures the time it takes for radio waves to travel from 4 different satellites to the receiver. The System is owned and operated by the US Dept of Defense, but the microwaves can be used by anyone

A

Global Positioning Systems

29
Q

EM waves with wavelenght from about 400 billion to 10 billion of a meter.

Have enough energy to enter skin cells
Longer wavelenghts-UVA
Shorter wavelenght - UVB rays
Boyh can cause skin cancer

A

Ultraviolet Waves

30
Q

20-50 km above earth

Molecules of 3 0 atoms

Absorb Suns harmful UV rays

Ozone layer decreasing due to CFCs in AC refrigerators and cleaning fluids

A

Ozone layer

31
Q

Radio stations changes sound to EM waves and then your radio receiver changes the EM waves back to sound waves again

A

Radio Transmission

32
Q

Usefulness if UV radiation

A

Helps body make vitamin D for healthy bones and teeth

Uses to sterilize medical supplies and equip

Detectives use fluoresent powder to find finger prints (absorb UV and glows)

33
Q

EM waves with shortest wavelegth and highest frequency

High Energy - go through skin and muscle

High level exposure causes cancer

A

Similarities of X ray and Gamma rays

34
Q

Wm with wavelenght shorter than 10 trillionths of a meter

Highest energy can travel through several centimeters of lead

Both can be used in radiation therapy to kill diseased cells

The composite image shows the all sky gamma ray backgroung

A

X ray and Gamma ray

35
Q

Radio station change sound to EM waves back to sound waves again

A

Radio transmission

36
Q

How does radio receive different stations

A

Each station broad casts at a certain frequency which you tune in by choosing their frequency

Carrier wave - the frequency of the EM wave that a station uses

Microphones convert sound waves to a changing electric current or electronic signal containing the words and music

37
Q

How does a radio receive different stations?

A

Microphone convert sound waves to a changing electric current or electronic signak containing the words and music

The modified carrier wave vibrate electrons in the stations antennae
creating a radio wave that travels out in all directions at the speed of light to your radio antennae

Science Grade 10 (3 decks)

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