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0-CWO > 10 - Ops Planning > Flashcards

10 - Ops Planning Flashcards

1
Q

Lines of Operation

A
  • Traditional military concept used w/in the operational design of military planning
  • Per JP 5-0, “A line that defines the interior or exterior orientation of the force in relation to the enemy or that connects actions on nodes and/or decisive points related in time and space to an objective”
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2
Q

DoDIN Operations

A
  • Actions taken to design, build, configure, secure, operate, maintain, and sustain DOD communications systems and networks in a way that creates and preserves data CIA as well as user authentication and non-repudiation
  • Threat Agnostic
  • Cyberspace Security
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3
Q

DCO
– Descriptions

A
  • CO intended to defend DoD or other friendly cyberspace
  • Preserve ability to utilize friendly cyberspace
  • Includes outmaneuvering adversaries, or responding to internal/external threats
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4
Q

DCO
– Types

A
  • Internal Defensive Measures
    – Actively hunting advanced internal threats w/in DODIN
    – Threat Specific
    – Cyberspace Defense
  • DCO Response Actions (DCO-RA)
    – Authorized actions external to DODIN in response to ongoing or imminent threats
    – Threat Specific
    – Cyberspace Exploitation/Attack
  • Countermeasures
    – ID source of a threat and use non-intrusive techniques to stop/mitigate offensive activity
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5
Q

OCO
– Description

A
  • Ops intended to project power by the application of force
  • Authorized like physical offensive ops via EXORD
  • Requires deconfliction IAW current policies
  • Deny, Degrade, Disrupt, Destroy, Manipulate
  • Cyberspace Exploitation/Attack
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6
Q

Joint Planning Process
– General

A
  • Deliberate process of determining how to use military capabilities in time and space to achieve objectives while considering associated risks
  • IDs ops the POTUS can integrate to achieve national objectives
  • Provides options that offer the highest probability for success
  • Enables efficient use of limited resources
  • orderly, analytical set of logical steps to frame a problem, create/select COAs, and make a plan
  • Process steps may be concurrent, truncated, or modified as necessary
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7
Q

Joint Planning Process
– Strategic Level

A
  • Provides POTUS/SECDEF options on the use of military to address national interests and NSS/DSR objectives
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8
Q

Joint Planning Process
– Operational Level

A
  • Ties training, mobilization, deployment, etc. of joint forces to military objectives contributing to national security objectives/national interests
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9
Q

Joint Planning Process
– Steps

A
  1. Planning Initiation
  2. Mission Analysis
  3. COA Development
  4. COA Analysis and Wargaming
  5. COA Comparison
  6. COA Approval
  7. Plan or Order Development
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10
Q

Planning Initiation (JPP)
– Begins how?

A
  • Begins in two ways:
    – appropriate authority sees potential for military action ISO national objectives or a potential/actual crisis
    – POTUS, SECDEF, or CJCS directs military planning in response to operational environment or developing/immediate crisis
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11
Q

Mission Analysis (JPP)
– Begins when?
– Determines (6)

A
  • Starts when CC receives mission tasking
  • Must determine:
    – Forces/assets needed to support the op
    – Tasks required for mission accomplishment
    – Will mission achieve desired results
    – Purpose of mission
    – Limitations on actions
    – How to know when mission is accomplished successfully
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12
Q

Mission Analysis (JPP)
– Key Components (5)

A
  • Constraints
    – “Must do”; action dictated by higher command
  • Restraints
    – “Cannot do”; action prohibited by higher command
  • Facts
    – Information known to be true
  • Assumptions
    – Supposition about current situation/future events; presumed true
  • Mission Statement
    – Who, what, when, where, and why of a mission
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13
Q

COA
– Description
– Describes (4):

A
  • Potential way to accomplish assigned mission
  • Multiple COAs provide options to CC
  • Should accomplish mission w/in CCs guidance, provide flexibility, and position forces for future ops
  • Describes:
    – Actions throughout campaign/op
    – Size of forces necessary
    – Time in which capabilities must be brought to bear
    – Risks associated
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14
Q

COA
– Components (10)

A
  • Available forces
  • Organizations/Units
  • Objectives
  • Key tasks and purpose
  • Timeline
  • Sustainment concept
  • Operational Environment
  • Synchronization efforts
  • Main and supporting efforts
  • Risk
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15
Q

COA
– Test Criteria (5)

A
  1. Adequate
  2. Feasible
  3. Acceptable
  4. Distinguishable
  5. Complete
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16
Q

Adequate (COA test)

A
  • Can accomplish the mission w/in CC’s guidance
  • Asks:
    – Does it accomplish the mission?
    – Does it meet the CC’s intent?
    – Does it accomplish all the essential tasks?
    – Does it meet the conditions for the end state?
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17
Q

Feasible (COA test)

A
  • Can accomplish the mission w/in the established time, space, and resource limitations
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18
Q

Acceptable (COA test)

A
  • Must balance cost/risk with advantage gained
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19
Q

Distinguishable (COA Test)

A
  • Must be sufficiently different from other COAs:
    – Focus or direction of main effort
    – Scheme of maneuver
    – Sequential vs simultaneous maneuvers
    – Primary mechanism for mission accomplishment
    – Task organization
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20
Q

Complete (COA Test)

A
  • Does it answer who, what, where, when, how, and why?
  • Incorporates:
    – Objectives, desired effects, tasks
    – Major forces required
    – Concepts for deployment, employment, sustainment
    – Time estimates for achieving objectives
    – Military end state and mission success criteria
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21
Q

COA Analysis and Wargaming (JPP)

A

Analysis

  • Closely examining potential COAs to ID COAs that are valid and ID pros/cons of each
  • CC and staff analyze each COA separately
  • Should reaffirm validity and determine feasibility and acceptability

Wargaming

  • Representation of conflict in synthetic environment
  • Allows CC, staff, and sub CCs/staff to gain common understanding of friendly/enemy COAs/actions that may work in opposition to achieving objectives/end state conditions
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22
Q

COA Comparison (JPP)
– Description

A
  • Subjective process whereby COAs are independently evaluated against CC’s criteria
  • Facilitates CC’s decision-making process by balancing ends, means, ways, and risk
  • Helps CC determine:
    – Differences
    – Pros/cons
    – Risks
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23
Q

COA Comparison (JPP)
– Key Input
– Key Output

A
  • Key Inputs
    – Advantages and disadvantages
    – Wargaming results
    – Evaluation criteria
    – Revised staff estimates
  • Key Outputs
    – Evaluated COAs
    – Recommended COA
    – COA selection rationale
    – Revised staff estimates
    – Refined CC’s critical information requirements
    – Synchronized matrices
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24
Q

COA Approval (JPP)
– Description

A
  • Staff determines preferred COA to recommend to CC
  • Staff briefs CC on comparison, analysis, and wargaming results
    – Brief should include supporting info used in COA development
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25
Q

COA Approval (JPP)
– CC Options

A
  • Concur w/ recommendation
  • Concur, w/ modifications
  • Select a different COA
  • Combine COAs
  • Reject all and start over
  • Defer decision and consult w/ staff/CCs prior to deciding
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26
Q

Plan or Order Development (JPP)

A
  • Concept of Operations (CONOPS) - clearly and concisely expresses what CC intends to accomplish and how
    – Describes how actions of joint force components/supporting orgs will be integrated, including plan branches and sequels
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27
Q

Deliberate Planning

A
  • Planning developed in non-crisis situations ISO future events
  • Create several COAs, each containing CONOPS w/ minimum of:
    – Major capabilities required
    – Task organization
    – Tasks accomplished by components
    – Concept of employment
    – Assessment of risk
  • Planning has >=6 months
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28
Q

Crisis Action Planning

A
  • Driven by an incident/situation
    – Typically develops rapidly and occurs w/ little/no warning
  • Activities/functions may occur simultaneously
  • First directive may be DEPORD or EXORD if crisis is very time critical or COA is very obvious
  • Planning has <6 months
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29
Q

Special Access Program (SAP)

A
  • Established and maintained when absolutely necessary to protect the most sensitive DoD capabilities, information, technologies, and operations or when required by statute
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30
Q

Acknowledged SAP

A
  • Affirmed, or made known to others, but its details are classified
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31
Q

Unacknowledged SAP

A
  • Protective controls ensuring the existence of the program is not acknowledged, affirmed, or made known to any unauthorized person
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32
Q

Acquisition SAP

A
  • Protects sensitive research, development, testing, evaluation, modification, or procurement activities
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33
Q

Apportioned SAP

A
  • Formally included in the IJSTO process for CC
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34
Q

Intelligence SAP

A
  • Protect planning and execution of sensitive intel or CI ops
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35
Q

Operations and Support SAP

A
  • Protect the planning for, execution of, and support to especially sensitive military ops
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36
Q

Waived SAP

A
  • SECDEF has waived applicable reporting
  • Even more restrictive reporting and access
  • Adverse effect to national security
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37
Q

DoD Special Access Program Central Office (DoD SAPCO)

A
  • Execute, manage, administer, oversee, and maintain SAP records
  • Develop and implement policies and procedures for oversight, execution, security, IA, and records for their SAP
  • Forwards request of approval for action related to SAP to SecDef/Deputy SecDef
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38
Q

Integrated Joint Special Technical Operations (IJSTO)

A
  • Overarching formal process and management of SAPs
  • Oversight Authority (OA) can endorse apportionment into or de-apportionment out of IJSTO
  • While in IJSTO, must be reported in SAP annual report to congress
  • Must provide justification when a capabilitiy in IJSTO is no longer available (why, or that it was deemed no longer requiring SAP security protections)
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39
Q

SecDef

A
  • Principal assistant to the President in all DoD matters
  • Authority for all functions in DoD and component agencies (Joint Chiefs of Staff, CJCS, Joint Staff, Mil Departments)
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40
Q

Combatant (unified) Commands
– Description

A
  • Established to perform military missions
  • Established by POTUS, through SecDef, w/ advice from CJCS
  • Perform broad continuing mission under a single commander
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41
Q

Geographic Combatant Commands
– List

A
  • USAFRICOM
  • USCENTCOM
  • USEUCOM
  • USNORTHCOM
  • USSOUTHCOM
  • USINDOPACOM
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42
Q

USAFRICOM

A
  • Military relations w/ African nations, African Union, and African regional security orgs
  • Protects/defends U.S./interests by strengthening African nations
  • Increase security while deterring/defeating transnational threats
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43
Q

USCENTCOM

A
  • Ops in 20 countries in the “central” area of the globe
  • Utilize national/international partnerships to build cooperation among nations, respond to crisis, deter/defeat threats, and support development to increase stability
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44
Q

USEUCOM

A
  • Works w/ NATO
  • Operates in Europe, parts of Middle East and Eurasia
  • Coordinates cooperative solutions in peace and wartime
  • Coordinates training missions
  • Provides humanitarian assistance
  • Develops strategies to promote peace/stability in the region
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45
Q

USNORTHCOM

A
  • U.S., Alaska, Mexico, Canada, portions of Caribbean and surrounding waters
  • Civil support and homeland security
  • Oversees NORAD
  • Few permanent forces; assigned forces by SecDef or POTUS as needed
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46
Q

USSOUTHCOM

A
  • Central America, South America, and Caribbean
  • Contingency planning, ops, and security cooperation
  • Force protection of U.S. military resources
  • Ensures defense of Panama Canal
  • Joint command > 1200 mil/civilian personnel from all branches + fed agencies
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47
Q

USINDOPACOM

A
  • AOR from U.S. west coast to western border of India, and from Antarctica to North Pole (36 nations)
  • Promote development of the region
  • Enhance security, deter aggression, respond w/ force (when necessary), provide humanitarian assistance
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48
Q

Functional Combatant Commands
– List

A
  • USSOCOM
  • USSTRATCOM
  • USTRANSCOM
  • USCYBERCOM
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49
Q

USSOCOM

A
  • Plans and conducts special operations
  • Short duration strikes and small-scale offensives
  • Special reconnaissance
  • Unconventional warfare
  • Foreign internal defense
  • Civil affairs operations
  • Counterterrorism
  • Psychological Operations
  • Information Operations
  • Counter-proliferation of WMD
  • Security force assistance
  • Counterinsurgency
  • Specific activities directed by POTUS/SECDEF
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50
Q

USSTRATCOM

A
  • Conducts global operations to deter and detect strategic attacks against the U.S.
  • Commands U.S. nuclear capabilities, space ops, global surveillance/recon, intel, communications, computers, global missile defense, and combatting WMDs
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51
Q

USTRANSCOM

A
  • Provides DoD w/ an aggregate of transportation capabilities and assets
  • Enables diverse array of joint mobility missions
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52
Q

USCYBERCOM

A
  • Directs ops and defense of DoD information networks
  • Prepare to/conduct cyberspace ops to enable actions in all domains
  • Ensure US/allied freedom of action in cyberspace, and deny the same to adversaries
  • Centralize command of cyber ops, strengthen cyber capes, and integrate cyber expertise
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53
Q

Subordinate Unified Command

A
  • Authorized by SecDef, through CJCS
  • Geographical or functional
  • CC’s of subordinate unified commands have similar responsibilities/missions to component CCs w/in a unified CCMD
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54
Q

Cyber Support Element (CSE)

A
  • Organized from USCYBERCOM forces deployed to other CCMDs
  • Facilitate development of cyber reqs
  • Coordinate, integrate, and deconflict CO in the CC’s planning process
  • Provide CCMDs an interface/reachback capability to USCYBERCOM
  • Submit target development nominations to the supported CCMD
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55
Q

Combatant Command (COCOM, authority)

A
  • Cannot be delegated
  • Vested only in CCs of CCMDs by Title 10, USC, Section 164
  • Authoritative direction over
    all aspects of military ops, joint training, and logistics
  • Authority to organize/employ commands and forces, assign tasks, and designate objectives
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56
Q

Operational Control (OPCON)

A
  • May be delegated
  • Authority for all operational aspects
  • Does not include logistics, admin discipline, internal organization, or unit training
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57
Q

Tactical Control (TACON)

A
  • May be delegated
  • Authority to give direction for military operations and the control of designated forces
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58
Q

Support (authority)

A
  • Command authority
  • Established by a common superior CC between subordinate CCs when one organization should aid, protect, complement, or sustain another
  • May be exercised at any command level
  • Conveys priorities to CCs/staff that are planning/executing joint ops
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59
Q

Warfare

A
  • Mechanism, method, or modality of armed conflict against an enemy
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60
Q

Traditional Warfare

A
  • Characterized as a violent struggle for domination between nation-states or coalitions and alliances of nation-states
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61
Q

Irregular Warfare

A
  • Characterized as a violent struggle among state and non-state actors for legitimacy and influence over the relevant populations
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62
Q

Levels of Warfare
– Description

A
  • Helps commanders visualize a logical arrangement of operations, allocate resources, and assign tasks to appropriate commands
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63
Q

Strategic (Level of Warfare)

A
  • Idea(s) for employing the instruments of national power in a synchronized and integrated fashion to achieve theater and multinational objectives
  • National guidance addresses strategic objectives ISO strategic end states
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64
Q

Operational (Level of Warfare)

A
  • Links strategy to tactics by establishing operational objectives needed to achieve military end states/strategic objectives
  • Focused on planning and execution using operational art
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65
Q

Operational Art

A
  • Cognitive approach by CCs and staff–supported by their skill, knowledge, experience, creativity, and judgement–to develop strategies, campaigns, and ops to organize and employ military forces
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66
Q

Tactical (Level of Warfare)

A
  • Employment and ordered arrangement of forces in relation to each other
  • Battles and engagements are planned and executed to achieve mil objectives
  • Forces generally employ various tactics to achieve objectives
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67
Q

Institutional (Level of Warfare)

A
  • Nation’s miliary services develop material and non-material capabilities, to include technology and people, to execute the other levels of warfare
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68
Q

TTPs

A
  • Fundamental building blocks of military activity
  • Actions that generate effects
  • Tactical actions are the component pieces of operations
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69
Q

Campagin

A
  • Series of related major operations aimed at achieving strategic and operational objectives within a given time/space
  • Appropriate when contemplated military ops exceed the scope of a single major op
  • Often the most expensive joint ops in terms of time and other resources
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70
Q

Operation

A
  • Sequence of tactical actions with common purpose or unifying theme
  • May entail the process of carrying on combat, including movement, supply, attack, defense, and maneuvers needed to achieve the objective of any battle/campaign
71
Q

Mission

A
  • The task and purpose that clearly indicates the action to be taken and the reason therefore
  • Five parts
    – Who (organization to act)
    – What (task/actions)
    – When (time to act)
    – Where (Location of task)
    – Why (purpose of task)
72
Q

Task

A
  • Clearly defined action or activity assigned to an individual or org
  • Speciifc assignment that must be done as it is imposed by an appropriate authority
73
Q

J-1

A
  • Manpower and Personnel Directorate
  • Synchronize and coordinate personnel
  • Support efforts w/ Service components and functional components
  • Establish and publish policies, procedures, and standards to accomplish personnel visibility
74
Q

J-2

A
  • Intelligence Directorate
  • Driven by CC’s need for holistic understanding of the operational environment
  • Intel agencies provide assistance to J-2 ISO activities/ops
75
Q

J-3

A
  • Operations Directorate
  • Assists CC in directing and controlling ops
  • Plans, coordinates, and integrates operations in concert w/ higher HQ/JTF
76
Q

J-4

A
  • Logistics Directorate
  • Helps JFC manage the provision of logistics to the joint force
  • Develop feasible, supportable, and efficient concept of logistic support
  • ID risks to the execution of CONOPS
77
Q

J-5

A
  • Plans Directorate
  • Develops, updates, reviews, and coordinates joint plans required for successful JTF missions
  • Focuses on future plans for the next phase of ops or sequels to current op
78
Q

J-6

A
  • Communications System Directorate
  • Assists CJTF w/ communications infrastructure, computer networking, electronics, IA, tactical comms, and interoperability
  • Develop and integrate comm system architecture and plans that support operational/strategic reqs
  • Develop/integrate policy and guidance for implementation and integration of interoperable comms system support
79
Q

Warning Order (WARNORD)

A
  • Issued by the CJCS and/or CC
  • Planning directive that initiates the development and evaluation of COA
  • SecDef authorization required for deployment of forces
80
Q

Planning Order (PLANORD)

A
  • Planning directive that provides essential planning guidance and directs the initiation of plan development before the directing authority approves a COA
81
Q

Execution Order (EXORD)

A
  • Directive to implement an approved CONOPS
  • Only POTUS/SecDef may approve/direct initiation of mil ops
  • CJCS, by authority/direction of POTUS/SecDef, may subsequently issue an EXORD to initiate mil ops
82
Q

Task Order (TASKORD)

A
  • Provides overarching guidance and outlines associated objectives, desired effects and tasks necessary for mission completion
83
Q

Operation Order (OPORD)

A
  • Directive issued by CC to subordinate CCs for the purpose of effecting the coordinated execution of an operation
  • Format (SMEAC):
    – Situation
    – Mission
    – Execution
    – Admin and Logistics
    – Command and Communication
84
Q

Fragment Order (FRAGORD)

A
  • Modification to previously issued order
  • Provides brief and specific directions that address only changed parts of original order
85
Q

Cyberspace Operations Plan (CyOP)

A
  • Published semiannually
  • Overarching doc addressing CDR AFCYBER’s foundational strategy
  • Guides employment of full-spectrum cyber capes
86
Q

Cyberspace Operations Directive (CyOD)

A
  • Published weekly
  • Provides overarching guidance for planning, execution, and assessment of cyber ops
87
Q

AF Cyber Tasking Order (AFCTO)

A
  • Published Daily
  • Operational order issued to perform specific actions at specific time frames ISO AF and Joint reqs
  • Provides mission ID, mission priority, tasked unit(s), time over target/terrain, AO, and additional comments
  • Used for tactical planning
88
Q

Special Instructions (SPINS)

A
  • Published as required
  • Codify procedures and processes for ops directed in the CTO
  • Detail special considerations and/or special items of interest
  • 616 OC publishes standing SPINS, weekly SPINS, and exercise/op-specific SPINS
89
Q

Vulnerability Window

A
  • Window of opportunity and direction for a tactical CC to conduct tactical ops
  • Time Bound
  • Deviations must be approved by 616 OC
90
Q

Time Over Target/Terrain (TOT)

A
  • Exact timing directed by the tasking authority specified in the tasking order to execute a mission
  • Based on the available vulnerability window
91
Q

On/Off Station

A
  • On Station
    – Cyber Op commences on tasked terrain/targets
  • Off Station
    – Assigned tasks are completed and forces no longer engaging targets/performing mission in tasked terrain
92
Q

Sortie

A
  • Constitutes the actions individual cyber forces take to accomplish a tasked mission
  • Single tactical mission conducted by single tasked cyber force
  • Begins when On Station, complete when Off Station
93
Q

Terrain

A
  • Telecommunications networks, computer systems, embedded processors and controllers, IP addresses, associated subnet, domain, or transport space w/in the AO
94
Q

Target

A
  • Entity or object that performs a function for the adversary considered for possible engagement or other action
95
Q

616 Operations Center

A
  • Issues cyber orders as directed by 16AF/AFCYBER/CC
  • Authoritative source for status, control, and defense of AF networks
  • Direct tasking authority over all AF cyber forces to synchronize DCO actions
  • De-confliction focal point
  • Plan, direct, coordinate, asses, and C2
96
Q

Strategy Division (SRD, 616 OC)

A
  • Supports theater objectives by developing, refining, disseminating, and assessing AFCYBER cyber strategy
  • Establishes foundational strategy for executing along 3 LOOs (posture, protect, and project)
  • Publishes long-range contingency plans to integrate cyber ops
97
Q

Combat Plans (CPD, 616 OC)

A
  • Plans full-spectrum cyber ops, including cyber operational COAs, for the next CTO cycle
  • Coordinates activities w/ 16 AF subordinate units and other planning SMEs to develop CTO, CCO, and SPINS
98
Q

Combat Operations (COD, 616 OC)

A
  • Monitors and adjusts execution of current CTO, CCO, and monitors AOC cyber tasking on the ATO
  • Three branches
    – OCO
    – DCO
    – DoDIN Ops
99
Q

Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Division (ISRD, 616 OC)

A
  • Develops knowledge of the cyber ops environment - from a threat perspective - and its potential impact on US/allies’ use of the AFIN
100
Q

Synchronization

A
  • Efficient coordination of mission partners in order to complete the required mission
  • Ensures activities are coordinated and deconflicted
101
Q

Weaponeering

A
  • Process of determining the quantity of a specific type of lethal/nonlethal means required to create a desired effect on a given target
  • Determines:
    – What tools or methods do we need
    – How do we plan to use them
    – What will be the enemy’s response
102
Q

Intelligence Gain/Loss (IGL)

A
  • CO could potentially compromise intelligence collection activities
  • IGL Assessments required prior to executing CO
103
Q

Technical Gain/Loss

A
  • Relationship between intel gathered by using a particular technology and the risk of exposing that tech to the adversary
  • Assessment conducted to determine if a capability can operate in a target environment w/o interference or increase in chance of unwanted detection
104
Q

Deconfliction

A
  • Necessary to prevent uncoordinated actions from exposing or interfering w/ actions of other USG entitites
  • Cyberspace Support Elements (CSEs)
    – Personnel facilitate development of cyber reqs and coordinate, integrate, and deconflict CO into the CC’s planning process
105
Q

Operational Assessments

A
  • Process that measures progress toward mission accomplishment/end state/objectives
  • Delivers feedback into planning process
106
Q

Measure of Performance (MOP)

A
  • Criteria for measuring task performance/accomplishment
  • Generally quantitative
  • Used in most aspects of combat assessment to determine results
  • May also use direct observation to determine success
107
Q

Measure of Effectiveness (MOE)

A
  • Used to assess changes in system behaviour, capability, or the OE
  • Measure attainment of an end state, objective, or creation of an effect
  • Harder to derive than MOPs for a discrete task
108
Q

Battle Damage Assessments (BDA)

A
  • Composed of physical damage, functional damage, and target system assessment
  • Micro-level examination of effects -> macro-level conclusion of outcomes
  • First-order effects often subtle, making second/third-order hard to determine
109
Q

Crew Logs

A
  • Official record of events that occur during a crew shift or sortie
  • Accurate and detailed record of significant events and deviations from guidance
  • At minimum, include:
    – On-duty personnel
    – Major ops activities
    – Significant communications
    – Major system degradations
    – Abnormal system responses
110
Q

Crew Information File (CIF)

A
  • Provides information essential to the conduct of normal ops
  • Centralizes significant, time-sensitive issues and ensures procedures are disseminated to ops personnel
  • Must be reviewed and acknowledged prior to beginning duties
  • Contains current read file and publications
111
Q

Crew Shift/Mission Briefing

A
  • Covers objectives tasked by HHQ, assigns tactical tasks, and ensures crew understands the plan
112
Q

Checklists, Local Procedures, and Crew Aids

A
  • Must be strictly adhered to
  • Local crew aids such as charts, guides, etc. may be developed
113
Q

Operational Tests and Exercises

A
  • Necessary to maintain proficiency
  • Crew members will follow established operating procedures, AFIs, and governing publications with the understanding that the exercise/test is an avenue to try new TTPs/capabilities
114
Q

Crew Rest

A
  • Mandatory crew rest and max duty periods (DP) for all personnel who operate AF cyberspace weapon systems
  • 10-hour non-duty period before DP
  • DP should not exceed 12hrs
    – Must be approved by group CC and annotated in mission file if extended
115
Q

Crew Scheduling

A
  • Accomplished in accordance w/ crew rest limitations
  • Schedule should be as stable as possible
116
Q

Operations Review Board (ORB)

A
  • Used to conduct investigations to determine the cause of any mission failures or significant events, including abnormal system responses or trends
  • Established by MAJCOMs/NAFs
117
Q

Cybercrew Training Program (CTP)

A
  • Ensures all crew members obtain and maintain the certification/qualification and proficiency needed to effectively perform their unit’s mission
118
Q

Qualification Training

A
  • Defines cybercrew operational status and specifies min training reqs for IQT and MQT
119
Q

Initial Qualification Training (IQT)

A
  • One or more courses covering system specific and/or positional specific training
120
Q

Mission Qualification Training (MQT)

A
  • Fills training reqs not met in IQT
  • Master local procedures/increase proficiency
  • Includes training at Formal Training Unit (FTU), if applicable, and local training at unit
121
Q

Basic Cyber Qualified (BCQ)

A
  • Crewmember who has satisfactorily completed IQT
122
Q

Basic Mission Capable (BMC)

A
  • Crewmember who has satisfactorily completed IQT and MQT, but is not fully MR/CMR
123
Q

Mission Ready/Combat Mission Ready (MR/CMR)

A
  • Crewmember who has satisfactorily completed IQT and MQT, and maintains their cert and proficiency in their mission
124
Q

Requalification Training

A
  • Crewmember considered unqualified upon loss of currency exceeding 6 months, expiration of qualification eval, or qualification in a different weapon system
  • 6-12 months non-current: Completion of training for all delinquent items
  • 12+ months non-current: Recompletion of MQT and requalification eval IAW AFI 10-1703 Vol. 2
125
Q

Continuation Training (CT)

A
  • Provides volume, frequency, and mix of training necessary to maintain proficiency
126
Q

Multiple Qualification

A
  • MAJCOMs may authorize qualification in >1 weapon system
  • This authority cannot be delegated below MAJCOM, except the Lead MAJCOM, which may be delegated within its command
127
Q

Standardization and Evaluation
– General

A
  • Provides CC a tool to validate mission readiness and effectiveness of cyber ops
  • Consists of Chief of Stan/Eval and at least one examiner per position per CWS
  • Applies to positions that are designated MR/CMR in the applicable Lead MAJCOM guidance
128
Q

Standardization and Evaluation
– Responsibilities

A
  • Establish, monitor, and maintain the unit Individual Qualification Folders (IQF) program
  • Establish procedures for review and quality control of evaluation documentation
  • Establish and maintain a trend analysis program
  • Establish unit no-notice program and goals
  • Design evaluation criteria and submit to NAF for review and approval
  • Design Master Question Files (MQFs) for all CWSs assigned to the group and submit to NAF
  • At least quarterly, advise unit leadership on unit cybercrew qualification status, requisite completion, and upcoming expiration dates
129
Q

Qualification (QUAL) Evaluation

A
  • Ensure basic qualification in a CWS and/or cybercrew position
130
Q

Mission (MSN) Evaluation

A
  • Ensures qualification to employ the CWS at the assigned position in accomplishment of the unit’s operational and/or designated operational capability (DOC) mission statements
131
Q

SPOT evaluation

A
  • Evaluates a specific event or requirement w/o intending to satisfy the requirements of a periodic or initial eval
132
Q

No-Notice (N/N) Evaluation

A
  • Provides CCs a sampling of daily crew performance and an assessment of unit training effectiveness
133
Q

Initial (INIT) Evaluation

A
  • First eval of any type in a specific CWS crew position
134
Q

Requalification (RQ) Evaluation

A
  • Administered to remedy a loss of qualification
135
Q

Q1 (Qualification Level)

A
  • Member demonstrated desired performance and knowledge of safety procedures, equipment and directives within tolerances specified in the grading criteria
136
Q

Q2 (Qualification Levels)

A
  • Member generally demonstrated desired performance and knowledge of safety procedures, equipment and directives within tolerances specified in the grading criteria
137
Q

Q3 (Qualification Level)

A
  • Member demonstrated an unacceptable level of safety, performance, or knowledge
138
Q

Exceptionally Qualified (EQ) Designation

A
  • Demonstrate exceptional skill and knowledge in all portions of the eval
  • Do not fail any part
  • Received a Q1 grade w/ no discrepancies on all areas/subareas
  • Pass the written exam w/ a 95-100
139
Q

Requalification

A
  • If a positional eval is failed, CC ensures a successful RQ is completed w/in 30 days
140
Q

Restrictions (Stan/Eval)

A
  • Examiner may recommend restrictions be imposed on examinee until successful completion of assigned additional training and/or recheck
141
Q

Status Downgrade (Stan/Eval)

A
  • Crewmember failing a QUAL is placed on supervised status
142
Q

Supervised Status

A
  • Sq CC determines the type of supervisor
143
Q

AF Form 4418

A
  • Records results of evals
144
Q

AF Form 4420

A
  • Index providing pertinent info extracted from all the AF Forms 4418 accomplished for the member
145
Q

Individual Qualification Folder (IQF)

A
  • Source documents that constitute the history of certification for each member
  • AF Form 4418 is the source document used to record certification of a member
146
Q

Current Read File

A
  • Contain temporary information, directly pertinent to the safe conduct of ops, and must be read by all crew members before ops
147
Q

Stan/Eval Command Interest Items (CII)

A
  • Tool to train members on training deficiencies, new systems/procedures, or trends
  • May be issued by AFSPC, NAF, or units to address incidents, trends, deployed AO, or potential problems w/ equipment/procedures
148
Q

Go/No-Go Program

A
  • Ensures individual crew members are current, qualified, or adequately supervised to perform ops and have reviewed CIF Volume 1, Part B
149
Q

Trend Analysis Program

A
  • Identifies, documents, reports, and recommends corrective action for all negative trends
150
Q

PBED

A
  • Plan, Brief, Execute, Debrief
  • Used w/in tactical ops cycle
  • Implies quantifiable phases of a standard mission day
151
Q

Planning (PBED)

A
  • Joint responsibility of individual crews, unit ops, and intel
  • Mission lead is responsible for all aspects of tactical mission planning
  • Thorough tactical mission planning/prep required for success
  • Failures often indicative of poor mission prep
  • Use ME3C-(PC)2
152
Q

Briefing (PBED)

A
  • Conveys elements of the mission and the plan to accomplish objectives
  • Derived from tactical mission planning
  • Ensures everyone understands objectives/expectations
  • Mission Leads responsible for ensuring understanding of tactical plan
153
Q

Execution (PBED)

A
  • Execute the planned mission IAW SPINS, ROEs, etc
154
Q

Debriefing

A
  • Mission lead leads debrief
  • Covers all aspects of mission (planning, briefing, execution)
  • Feedback through Lessons Learned and Learning Points
  • Occurs at multiple levels (mass debrief, package debrief, element debrief)
  • Occurs at conclusion of every mission, op, exercise, etc.
  • Uses root-cause analysis for failure and success
  • Purpose is replicate success and avoid repeat mistakes
  • Provides immediate reinforcement
  • Facilitates evolving process and TTP changes
  • Proves effectiveness w/in current TTPs
155
Q

ME3C-(PC)2

A
  • Mission, Environment, Enemy, Effects, Capabilities, Plan, Phasing, Contracts, Contingencies
  • Tactical level teams use mission planning template to ensure crew understanding of objectives, ROE, SPINS, etc.
  • Planning considerations include analysis of environment (physical/political/military) to align effects w/ CC’s intent
  • Convert operational planning to tactical action
    – Contribute materially to end state
    – Have strategic impacts
156
Q

Mission (ME3C-(PC)2)

A
  • CC’s intent
  • Actual required mission tasks
  • Facts and assumptions for the mission
  • Assumptions must be validated via request for information (RFI) or information need (IN), which generates request for intelligence
157
Q

Environment (ME3C-(PC)2)

A
  • Terrain/target owner
  • Political Military situation
  • Current governing directives
    – Constraints/restraints, ROEs, etc
  • Physical environment
  • Logical/Network environment
    – Topology
    – Network migrations/upgrades/etc
    – Max capacity systems?
158
Q

Enemy (ME3C-(PC)2)

A
  • Enemy’s goals/objectives
  • Enemy’s strategies/methods
  • Strength’s/weaknesses
  • Order-of-battle
  • Has the enemy targeted the terrain before?
    – Previous method
  • Most likely COA
  • Most dangerous COA
159
Q

Effects (ME3C-(PC)2)

A
  • CC’s intended effects
  • MoE / MoP to assess the plan
  • Collection plan to support assessment plan
  • Intel gain/loss considerations
160
Q

Capabilities (ME3C-(PC)2)

A
  • Assigned forces
  • Capability pairings for assigned target/terrain
  • Are assigned assets sufficient?
  • Outside coordination, as required (AFOSI, DISA, etc.)
    – Joint mission?
    – Joint assets?
161
Q

Plan (ME3C-(PC)2)

A
  • Scoped adequately and satisfies the tasking
  • Will plan accomplish mission?
  • What is CC/supported CC’s acceptable level of risk (ALR)?
    – TGL considerations
  • Go/No-Go criteria
  • Are MINFORCE reqs met?
  • Terrain/target deconfliction
  • Target deliverables
162
Q

Phasing (ME3C-(PC)2)

A
  • Phase
    – Definitive stage of an op or campaign
    – Large portion of forces/capes involved in similar/mutual activities for common purpose
  • Trigger
    – Event, condition, or time in which an op/campaign transitions focus
  • ID timeline constraints
163
Q

Contracts (ME3C-(PC)2)

A
  • Agreement between two+ parties to do/not do something
  • Encompass:
    – Marshalling, ingress, deconfliction, comms, egress/recovery, phase transition, on-call missions
  • Triggers/contracts for transition between comm methods
  • Brevity is key
  • Use code words for “in the clear” comm
  • Use CACA
164
Q

CACA

A
  • Criteria
    – Trigger/event initiating contract
  • Authority
    – Who has authority in circumstance related to contract
  • Communication
    – How/what/who to communicate
  • Action
    – Actions executed in response to contract
165
Q

Contingencies (ME3C-(PC)2)

A
  • How does plan account for changes in mission, environment, enemy, effects, capabilities, timeline
  • Triggers/decision points leading to contingencies
  • Abort criteria? Knock-it-off criteria? Rollback criteria?
166
Q

Observation (Debrief)

A
  • Actual events that occurred
  • Any factual piece of info resulting from operator performance
167
Q

Reconstruction (Debrief)

A
  • Process of looking at the mission and determining facts
168
Q

Debrief Focus Point (DFP)

A
  • Areas/aspects that impeded achievement of the desired outcome/mission accomplishment
  • Focus is on overall mission accomplishment
  • Takes the form of externally focused question
169
Q

Contributing Factors (CF)

A
  • Stimuli that may have contributed to the conditions of the event
170
Q

Root Cause (RC)

A
  • Core reason the problem occurred and/or mission failed
171
Q

Instructional Fix (IF)

A
  • “What” and “how” to address the RC
  • Must be measurable and repeatable
  • May also include “who” and “when”
172
Q

Lessons Learned (LL)

A
  • The story of what and how to prevent mistakes from happening again, or continue improvement
173
Q

Learning Point (LP)

A
  • When the event doesn’t negatively impact the accomplishment of a mission objective OR when something positive occurred
174
Q

Trends

A
  • Common threads throughout the mission

0-CWO (10 decks)

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