1.0 Networking Concepts Flashcards
what options will a DHCP server typically provide?
IP address, Subnet mask, default gateway, DNS address, and more
what is used to ensure that a DHCP client will always get the same IP address?
Reservation
what determines how long a DHCP client keeps an IP address?
Lease length
what provides dynamic IP addressing?
DHCP
a DHCP server issues a range of IP addresses. what is range called in DHCP?
Scope
what type of DNS record is used to allow a host to be contacted with different host names?
CNAME (canonical name or alias)
what type of DNS record is used to resolve an IP address to a host name?
PTR (pointer record for reverse lookup)
what is used to allow DHCP clients to register information with DNS?
Dynamic DNS
what is a DNS MX record used for?
To locate email servers (mail exchange)
what type of DNS record resolves a host name to an IPv4 address?
A or host record
what type of DNS record is used to give a host an alias?
CNAME (canonical name)
what type of DNS record resolves a host name to an IPv6 address?
AAAA record
what helps administrators plan, track, and manage the assignment of IP addresses in a network?
IPAM (IP address management)
what cloud service type provides hardware but requires customers to configure the hardware with desired operating systems and applications?
IaaS
what cloud service type provides hardware (such as servers) and preconfigured OS?
PaaS
what cloud service type provide users with an application that is managed by a cloud service provider?
SaaS
which wireless standard(s) use MIMO?
802.11n and 802.11ac.
MIMO (multiple input and multiple output)
what wireless protocols use 5.0GHz?
802.11a, 802.11n, 802.11ac
what wireless protocols use 2.4GHz?
802.11b, 802.11g, 802.11n
what can be performed to determine if interference is causing problems for a wireless network?
A site survey
what type of network connects multiple buildings in a small geographical area?
CAN
what type of network would you use to transfer files between two bluetooth devices?
PAN
which network topology causes all devices to fail if one device is disconnected?
Bus
what network topology ensures computers wait to communicate as a method of avoiding congestion?
Ring
what network topology provides the highest degree of redundancy?
Mesh
devices are connected in a network via an ethernet switch. what topology is being used?
Star
what topology has devices connected in a circle?
Ring
what IoT technology is primarily used for home automation?
Z-Wave
what type of network spans a large city area?
MAN
what address is assigned if DHCP doesn’t answer?
APIPA (starting with 169.254.y.z)
APIPA (automatic private internet protocol addressing)
what is the CIDR notation to support only two IP addresses?
/30
CIDR (classless inter-domain routing)
what type of address does a non-DHCP client use?
static or manually assigned
what notation is this using: 192.168.1.34/24?
CIDR notation
what type of address is this: 10.10.0.80?
IPv4 (private)
what is this address: 169.254.34.67?
APIPA address
what is the range of Class D addresses?
224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
what is the range of Class C addresses?
192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.254
what is the range of Class B addresses?
128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.254
what is the range of Class A addresses?
1.0.0.0 to 126.255.255.254
what kind of IP addresses are used on the internet?
Public
what kind of IP addresses are used on internal networks
Private
Private IP address blocks, defined by the internet assigned numbers authority (IANA) are:
- 0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
- 16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
- 168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
what is the CIDR notation for a network of only two devices creating a point-to-point connection between two sites?
/30 or /31
are you expected to understand subnetting for the Network+ exam?
absolutely
what number uses a base of 16?
Hexadecimal
what DHCP feature would you use to ensure a wireless printer always receives the same IP address?
Reservation
what type of routing protocol is RIP?
distance routing protocol
what occurs if you plug a cable into two ports of an unprotected switch?
switching loop causing a broadcast storm
STP and RSTP protect against switching loops
what protocol resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses?
ARP
what is configured on a switch to create separate networks with separate broadcast domains?
VLAN
what is configured on a switch to send all switch traffic to a single port?
port mirroring
what protocol provides power on a twisted pair cable?
PoE, 802.3af
what is used to restrict network traffic based on specific protocols?
Traffic shaping
how does RIP calculate cost?
Hop count
RIP (routing information protocol)
what creates a broadcast domain?
Routers and VLAN segments on a switch
What is configured on a router to provide internet access to multiple clients?
PAT or NAT
what type of address is this ::1?
IPv6 loopback address
what type of address is this: 01:23:45:ab:cd:ef?
Media access control (MAC) or hardware address
where is a broadcast packet sent?
To all other systems on the same network (not past routers or other VLAN segments)
where is a unicast packet sent?
to one other system
what routing protocol is considered a link state routing protocol, supports VLSM, and can be used on internal IPv4 networks (but not IPv6 networks)?
OSPF
IS-IS (intermediates system to intermediate system) is also a link state routing protocol that supports VLSM, but it works with IPv4 and IPv6
when comparing wireless networks and wired networks, which one uses CSMA/CA?
wireless network
what is used to dynamically assign MAC addresses to switch ports and restrict traffic based on the MAC address?
Sticky MAC
what kind of switch is used to create VLANs?
Layer 3 switch
how does CompTIA categorize BGP?
as a hybrid routing protocol
other routing protocols are categorized as distance vector routing protocols or link-state routing protocols
how does OSPF calculate cost?
bandwidth (reference bandwidth of 100 Mbps)
what standard uses timers to force devices to wait after detecting a collision?
CSMA/CD
what does 802.3at define?
PoE+
what routing protocol is considered a link state routing protocol, supports VLSM, and can be used with both IPv4 and IPv6
Intermediates system to intermediate system (IS-IS)
OSPF is also a link state routing protocol, that supports VLSM, but it only works with IPv4
where is 802.1Q tagging handled?
on a switch
what is the term for controlling the amount of certain types of traffic (such as video streaming) on a network?
Traffic shaping
when comparing wireless networks and wired networks, which one uses CSMA/CD?
wired network
how many broadcast domains are created on a 6-port switch?
1
on What layer(s) of the OSI model does a NIC operate?
Layers 1 and 2 (Physical and Data link layers)
name the seven layers of the OSI model from layer 1 to 7.
Physical, Data link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, Application
what is layer 5 of the OSI model?
Session
what is layer 2 of the OSI model?
Data link
on what layer of the OSI model are VLANs defined?
layer 2 (data link layer)
on what layer of the OSI model are IP addresses defined?
layer 3 (network layer)
on what layer of the OSI model is data encapsulated into a packet?
layer 3 (network layer)
on what layer of the OSI model is data sent as frames?
Layer 2 (data link layer)
on what layer of the OSI model is JSON data analyzed?
Layer 6 (presentation layer)
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)
on what layer of the OSI model does a hub operate?
Layer 1 (physical layer)
what port must be opened on a firewall to resolve internet host names to IP addresses?
UDP 53
DNS resolves names over UDP port 53
what port must be opened on a firewall to allow secure traffic to web sites?
TCP port 443 (HTTPS)
what port is used when resolving host names to IP addresses?
UDP 53
DNS uses UDP port 53 for name resolution
DNS uses TCP port when transferring information between DNS servers
these flashcards should be your only study source? T or F
False
what ports are used for email?
TCP port 25 (SMTP), TCP port 110 (POP3), and TCP port 143 (IMAP4)
what port does SSH use?
TCP port 22
what ports are used for web pages sent over the internet?
TCP ports 80 and 443 (HTTP and HTTPS)
what protocol provides guaranteed delivery of IP traffic?
TCP
what port should be opened to allow remote administration?
3389 (RDP)
what protocol uses port 23?
Telnet
SSH is typically used instead of Telnet in most applications
what ports are used by FTP?
TCP ports 20 and 21
what does traffic on TCP port 443 provide that isn’t on TCP port 80?
transport-level encryption
what port is used by LDAPS?
636
what port is used by LDAP?
389
what port is used by SFTP?
22
what ports are used by DHCP?
67 and 68
what ports are used by SNMPv3?
161 and 162
what ports are used by SIP?
5060 and 5061
what protocol uses connectionless sessions?
UDP
what protocol uses connection-oriented sessions?
TCP
what protocol uses port 69?
TFTP
what port is used by NTP?
123
