1.0 NETWORK CONCEPTS Flashcards
A protocol that is connection-oriented, “Reliabel” delivery and has flow control ?
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol).
+ recovery from errors and manage out-of -order messages.
+receiver can manage how much data is sent.
What protocol is connectionless, “Unreliable” delivery and no flow control?
UDP(User Datagram Protoco).
+ No formal open or close connection.
= No reording of data or retransmissions.
+Sender determines the amount of data transmitted.
What is Non- ephemeral ports?
Permanent port numbers.
+Ports 0-1023.
+On server or service.
What is Ephemeral ports?
Temporary port numbers.
+Ports 1024-65535.
+ real-time by the clients.
What is SSH?
Secure shell.
+Port: tcp/22
+encrypted console login.
What is DNS?
Domain Nmae System.
+Port: udp/53
+Convert domain names to IP addresses.
What is SMTP?
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.
+Port: tcp/25
+Transfer email between mail servers..
What is SFTP?
Secure FTP.
+Port: tcp/22
+Secure file transfer.
What is FTP?
File transfer porotocl.
+Port: tcp/20-21
+Sends and receives files between systems.
What is TFTP?
Trivial File Transfer Protocol.
+Port: udp/69.
+A very simple file transfer applicaiton.
What is Telnet?
Telecommunicaiton Network.
+Port: tcp/23
+Remote console login to network devices.
What is DHCP?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.
+Port: udp/67-68
-+Automated IP addressing and configuration.
What is HTTP?
Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
+Port: tcp/80
-+Web server communication.
What is HTTPS?
Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure.
+Port: tcp/443
-+Web server communication with encryption.
What is SNMP?
Simple Network Management Protocol.
+Port: udp/161.
-+Gather statistics and manage network devices.
What is RDP?
Remote Desktop Protocol.
+Port: tcp/3389
+ Graphical display of remote device.
What is NTP?
Network Time Protocol.
+Port: tcp/3389
+ Graphical display of remote device.
What is SIP?
Session Initiation Protocol.
+Port: tcp/5060-5061
+ Voice over IP signaling protocol.
What is SMB?
Server Message Block.
+Port: tcp/445.
+ Windows file transfer and printer sharing..
What is POP3?
Post Office Protocol v 3.
+Port: tcp/110.
+ Receive mail into a mail client.
What is IMAP4?
Internet Message Access Protocol v4.
+Port: tcp/143
+ A newer mail client protocol.
What is LDAP?
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol.
+Port: tcp/389.
+ Communicate with network directories.
What is LDAPS?
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Secure.
+Port: tcp/636.
+ LDAP over SSL.
What is H.323?
ITU Telecommunication H.32x protocol series.
+Port: tcp/1720
+Voice over IP signaling.
OSI MODEL
Please Do Not Throw Sausage Pizza Away
What layer is for signaling, cabling and connectors?
Physical Layer (1).
What layer is the foundation of communication, “MAC” and switching?
Data Link Layer.
What layer is “routing”, “IP” and Fragments frames to traverse different networks?
Network Layer.(3)
What layer transfers information across the network and uses tcp and udp?
Transport layer.(4)
What layer manages communication between devices, start, stop, restart, half-duplex, full-duplex, control protocols and tunneling protocols?
Session layer.(5)
What layer character encodes, application encryption and often combined with the Application layer?
Presentation layer.(6)
The layer that we see - HTTP, FTP, DNS AND POP3?
Application layer. (7)
What is a MAC address?
Media Access Control.
+“physical” address to network adapter.
+Unique to device.
+ 48bits/6bytes long (hexadecimal).
Which duplex cannot send and receive simultaneously?
Half-duplex.
+Lan Hubs.
+Switches can be configured to half-duplex as long as it is connected to and half-duplex device.
Which duplex can send and receive at the same time?
Full-duplex.
What operation listens for an opening and if a collision occurs what happens?
CSMA/CD OPERATIONS.
+Transmit jam signal bc of a collision has occurred.
+Random wait time and then retry.
Common on wireless networks and collision detection isn’t possible?
CSMA/CA.
+Sending station can’t “hear” other stations.
+Common to see RTS/CTS.(ready/clear).
Gathers, updates and builds list of MAC addresses? Maintains loop free enviroment?
Switch.
+Uses STP: Spanning Tree Protocol to maintain loop free enviroment.
If a switch does not have MAC address in the table, what will it do?
Flooding for unknown MAC addressses.
+Sends frames to everyone.
What is arp-a used for?
Address Resolution Protocol.
+Determine MAC address based on an IP address.
+arp-a = View local ARP table.
You have one station sending info. to another station. What is this called.
Unicast.
+Web surfing, file transfers.
+Not optimal for streaming media.
Information delivered to a interested systems is called.
Multicast.
+Multimedia delivery, stock exchanges.
+Difficult to scale on large networks.
information that is being sent to everyone on network is called?
Broadcast.
+1 packet recived by everyone.
+Limited scope, Routing updates, ARP requests.
+Not used in IPv6.
What is PDU?
Unit of transmission.
+A different group of data ta different OSI layer.
What is MTU?
Maximum IP packet to transmit- but not fragment.
+Fragmentation slows things down.
+Difficult to know the MTU all the through the path.
