🔥🔴✅☑️✅🔸10 Mark -gender Identity/roles

Question 1

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (the family)
Why is the family viewed as the most important agent of socialisation. (4)

Answer 1

• Represents the centre of a child’s life
• where children first begin to learn about masculinities and femininities
• children see themselves different to others I. Relation to their gender
• children imitate their parents to identify with behaviour

Question 2

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (the family)
Name the 4 ways gender identity is shaped by

Answer 2

1- language used by parents ‘little girl’
2- accepted behaviours (norms) after 12 girls 4x more likely to cry than boys
3- toys girls= Barbie doll
4-clothes + accessories

Question 3

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (the family)
What does Moss (1970) state?

Answer 3

Male babies received more cuddles, but female ones were spoken to more

Question 4

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (the family)
What study did Will, Self and Datan do?

Answer 4

• gave group of mothers 6 month old called Bethan (pink dress)
• mothers have baby a doll, spoke softly etc
• another group given same baby now called Adam in blue overalls
• gave baby train and spoke differently

Question 5

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (the family)
What did all the mothers in will, self and datans study claim?

Answer 5

All claimed treated sons and daughters the same as a child

Question 6

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (the family)
Describe the 4 was Oakley arches gender socialisation occurs

Answer 6

1- manipulation (encourage norms for child sex through positive and negative sanctions e.g scold daughters for getting dirty
2- canalisation (channel childs interest into toys and activities normal for the sex
3- verbal applications (gendered vocab e.g brave boy/ good girl
4- different activities (girls in house, boys outside)

Question 7

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (the family)
By what age have most children developed gender identity?

Answer 7

Age 5

Question 8

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (education)
What do feminists say about gendered education?

Answer 8

Girls experience of education is different to boys :: gendered experience reinforces gender identity being conveys in other areas of society

Question 9

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (education)
Para on gendered subjects up until 1980’s

Answer 9

Until 1980’s commune for boys and girls to study different subjects

• boys= science and technology
• girls= arts, humanities + languages

Question 10

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (education)
Why did this change in 1987?

Answer 10

In 1987 introduction of the national curriculum has helped to reduce gender differences, but still occur after age 16 e.g 73% sociology students are female

Question 11

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (education)
What does Alison Kelly state?

Answer 11

Explains why science is more masculine:

• subjects are packaged to appeal to boys as textbook have very few women portrayed to act as role models
• boys dominate science lesson, grabbing apparatus and shouting to answer questions directed at girls

Question 12

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (education)
What did Kelly conclude?

Answer 12

Science lessons mirror society in miniature

Question 13

Explain how any two agents of socialisation influence gender identity (education)
What does Stanworth state? (1983)

Answer 13

Teachers have higher expectations for boys allowing them to dominate the classroom

• reinforces patriarchal system
• message conveyed to boys= they are more important and have different destinies