10: Inheritance

Question 1

What were Mendel’s pea plant experiments find in regard to reproduction?

Answer 1

accounted for the variability btwn members of a family

Question 2

What were the 2 ways of reproduction that Mendel studied? What did they create?

Answer 2

1. Self pollinate: genetically identical
2. Cross pollinate: variation occurs

Question 3

How can one trait inheritance of genetic crosses be mathematically predicted? what does it predict?

Answer 3

using Punnett Square

• male + female gametes on horizontal/vertical axis
• accounts for every possible outcome

Question 4

Law of Segregation

Answer 4

• each ind. carries 2 factors for each trait
• but each gamete only gets one factor from each pair

Question 5

2 Trait Inheritance. What does it show?

Answer 5

crosses btwn organisms with 2 differing traits. Shows that 2 traits separate independently.

Question 6

Law of Independent Assortment

Answer 6

Each pair of gametes separate independently of other traits

Question 7

Incomplete Dominance

Answer 7

offspring show a mixed phenotype

Question 8

Multiple Allele Traits

Answer 8

some traits have more than 2 alleles (blood type)

• some factors are codominant (equal)

Question 9

Polygenic Inheritance

Answer 9

more than one pair of alleles determines the phenotype (skin)

Question 10

multifactoral traits

Answer 10

polygenetic inherited traits that depend on the environment

• sometimes affects phenotype more than genetics