1.0 Electrical facts Emergency Responders must know Flashcards
What are the three fundamental factors used to describe the properties of electricity?
a. Voltage, Water Pressure, Current
b. Voltage, Current Flow, Earth’s Resistance
c. Voltage, Current, Resistance
d. Water Pressure, Resistance, Grounding
C
According to Ohm’s Law, how are voltage, current, and resistance related?
a. V = I / R
b. E = I x R
c. V = R / I
d. E = R + I
B
What is “voltage” in electricity, and how is it measured?
a. The rate of electrical charge flow, measured in amperes.
b. The difference in electrical potential between two points, measured in volts.
c. The resistance to the flow of electricity, measured in ohms.
d. The process of mechanically connecting isolated wires to the earth.
B
How is “current” in electricity comparable to a physical phenomenon?
a. Similar to the force that causes the flow of water in a pipe.
b. Similar to the resistance of materials to the flow of electricity.
c. Similar to the grounding process.
d. Similar to the measurement of voltage.
A
What is “resistance” in electricity, and how is it measured?
a. The rate of electrical charge flow, measured in amperes.
b. The force that causes the flow of electricity, measured in volts.
c. The similarity to the effect of friction on the flow of water in a pipe, measured in ohms.
d. The process of connecting isolated wires to the earth.
C
What is the purpose of “grounding” in electrical systems?
a. To increase resistance in the circuit.
b. To measure voltage accurately.
c. To connect isolated wires to the earth, ensuring the same potential.
d. To decrease current flow.
C
What is the unit of measurement for current in electricity?
a. Volts
b. Watts
c. Amperes (amps)
d. Ohms
C
Which materials are called insulators in the context of electricity?
a. Materials with low resistance.
b. Materials with high resistance.
c. Materials with high current flow.
d. Materials with low voltage.
B
What is the analogy used to explain “voltage” in electricity?
a. Water Pressure in a pipe.
b. Resistance to water flow in a pipe.
c. Rate of water flow in a pipe.
d. Grounding of water pipes.
A
What does Ohm’s Law state about the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance?
a. V = I + R
b. V = I x R
c. E = R / I
d. V = R - I
B
At what voltages is electricity generated at power stations?
a. 2,300 to 20,000 volts
b. 69,000 to 500,000 volts
c. 500,000 to 1,000,000 volts
d. 10,000 to 50,000 volts
A
Why is voltage stepped up during the transmission of electricity over long distances?
a. To reduce power consumption
b. To increase the efficiency of transmission
c. To make it safer for distribution
d. To lower the overall voltage in the system
B
What is the range of operating voltages for some transmission lines mentioned in the passage?
a. 2,300 to 20,000 volts
b. 69,000 to 500,000 volts
c. 500,000 to 1,000,000 volts
d. 10,000 to 50,000 volts
B
Where is voltage reduced before being sent to industrial, commercial, and residential customers?
a. Power stations
b. Emergency response centers
c. Substations
d. Distribution lines
C
Why do power plants, substations, and other utility installations differ greatly from buildings faced by firefighters?
a. They present unusual hazards
b. They have low operating voltages
c. They are easily accessible
d. They lack emergency equipment
A
What is emphasized as important for maximum personal safety and effectiveness near electrical utility installations?
a. Specialized rescue and firefighting techniques
b. Wearing protective clothing
c. Advanced medical training
d. Increased communication with customers
A
What is recommended for emergency response personnel to learn more about the hazards near electrical equipment?
a. Conducting independent inspections
b. Collaborating with electrical utilities for inspections
c. Avoiding all contact with electrical installations
d. Relying solely on theoretical knowledge
B
What is stressed as essential for good communication and cooperation between emergency responders and the local electrical utility?
a. Advanced technology
b. Regular meetings
c. Specialized training
d. Emergency simulations
C
What creates hazards in electricity according to the passage?
a. Controlled electrical equipment
b. Well-designed structures
c. Faulty electrical equipment or wires
d. Properly maintained wires
C
What are some of the factors that can make electrical equipment or wires faulty?
a. Controlled usage
b. Proper installation
c. Regular maintenance
d. Improper installation, usage, and maintenance
D
What is arcing in the context of electrical equipment?
a. Controlled flow of electricity
b. Sudden flash of electricity between two points of contact
c. Proper installation of wires
d. Regular maintenance of electrical systems
B
What is the temperature associated with an electrical arc?
a. 5,000°C, 9,000°F
b. 10,000°C, 18,000°F
c. 20,000°C, 35,000°F
d. 25,000°C, 45,000°F
C
When is arcing usually associated with a fire cause?
a. Controlled circuit interruption
b. Properly maintained equipment
c. Current interruption at a switch point or loose terminal
d. Regular inspections
C
What is the primary cause of fires caused by overheating in electrical conductors and motors?
a. Properly designed equipment
b. Underloading of electrical conductors
c. Overloading of electrical conductors and motors
d. Regular inspections
C
When is there danger of overheating in electrical conductors and motors?
a. When the temperature is too low
b. When the amount of electrical current exceeds the designed capacity
c. When the equipment is new
d. When regular maintenance is performed
B
What type of materials may contribute to fires involving electrical equipment?
a. Non-combustible materials
b. Water-resistant materials
c. Combustible materials
d. Insulating materials
C
Where do most fires in electrical generating plants originate, according to the passage?
a. Electrical equipment rooms
b. Fuel systems, oil systems, and combustible gaseous atmospheres
c. Insulating material around conductors
d. Controlled environments
B
What is emphasized as the primary cause of electrical fires in the passage?
a. Controlled electrical equipment
b. Properly designed structures
c. Faulty electrical equipment or wires
d. Regular inspections
C
What are materials classified as “insulators” known for?
a. High resistance and conducting electricity readily
b. Low resistance and conducting electricity in large amounts
c. High resistance and conducting electricity in small quantities
d. Low resistance and conducting electricity in moderate quantities
C
Which materials are examples of insulators?
a. Iron, copper, lead
b. Porcelain, glass, plastic
c. Wood, earth, rubber
d. Silver, gold, aluminum
B
What characterizes materials classified as “conductors”?
a. High resistance and conducting electricity in small quantities
b. Low resistance and conducting electricity readily and in large amounts
c. High resistance and insulating electricity
d. Low resistance and insulating electricity
B
Which materials are examples of conductors?
a. Wood, earth, rubber
b. Porcelain, glass, plastic
c. Iron, copper, lead
d. Silver, gold, aluminum
C
What are humans primarily composed of that makes them good conductors?
a. Insulating materials
b. High-resistance substances
c. Water and dissolved minerals
d. Semi-conductive elements
C
What materials are classified as “semiconductors”?
a. Porcelain, glass, plastic
b. Wood, earth, rubber
c. Iron, copper, lead
d. Silver, gold, aluminum
B
What factors can influence the conductivity of semiconductors?
a. High resistance
b. Moisture content and contaminants
c. Low resistance
d. Electrical insulation
B
At what voltage range are electrical fires most likely to originate, according to the passage?
a. 750 volts and above
b. 500 to 1,000 volts
c. Below 750 volts
d. 1,000 volts and above
C
What is the term used in the electrical industry for voltages below 750 volts?
a. High voltage
b. Medium voltage
c. Low voltage or secondary voltage
d. Extreme voltage
C
What is emphasized regarding commercial and industrial voltages in the passage?
a. Typically range from 100 to 300 volts
b. Typically range from 300 to 750 volts
c. Typically exceed 1,000 volts
d. Typically operate at 750 volts exactly
B
