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Genetics > 10: Chromosomal Basis Of Inheritance > Flashcards

10: Chromosomal Basis Of Inheritance Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

How many autosomes are there?

A

22

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1
Q

What is a karyotype?

A

A complete set of metaphase chromosomes

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2
Q

How are regions of the chromosome numbered?

A

From the centromere

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3
Q

Elaborate 17q21.

A

Located on the large arm of chromosome 17 and is the 21st gene from the centromere

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4
Q

Define telocentric

A

Chromosome with only 2 arms

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5
Q

Acrocentric

A

Satellite

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6
Q

Submetacentric

A

Uneven arms

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7
Q

Metacentric

A

Even arms

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8
Q

Are spores diploid or haploid

A

Haploid

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9
Q

What do spores mature to form?

A

Male and female gametophytes

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10
Q

Is the sporophyte generation diploid or haploid?

A

Diploid

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11
Q

What supports the chromosome theory of inheritance?

A

The correlation between gene segregation patterns and the pattern of chromosome behavior in meiosis

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12
Q

In genotypic sex determination, what is sex determined by?

A

Sex chromosomes

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13
Q

In genic sex determination, what is sex determined by?

A

Other genes, not the sex chromosomes

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14
Q

What is the XY system?

A 
xx = female
xy = male
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15
Q

What is the xo system?

A 
xx = female 
xo = male

(Grasshopper)

16
Q

What is the zw system?

A

Zw is female
zz is male

(Birds, moths, fish)

17
Q

What gene determines the sex in humans?

A

Testis determining factor (tdf)

18
Q

What is the x chromosome-autosome balance system?

A

Sex is determined by the ratio of x to autosomes

19
Q

What is the difference between primary nondisjunction and secondary nondisjunction?

A

Primary - occurs on normal set of sex chromosomes (rare)

Secondary - occurs on an abnormal set of sex chromosomes

20
Q

What is the frequency of turner syndrome?

A

1/10,000

21
Q

What causes turner syndrome?

A

XO (44 autosomes and 1 X)

22
Q

What causes klinefelter syndrome?

A

XXY

23
Q

What is the lyon hypothesis?

A

The barr body is a highly condensed, transcriptionally inactive x-chromosome

Genetics (8 decks)

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