10/9 Notes Flashcards
Causes of the chesapeake bay watershed’s problems
Land use- population growth and development put a strain on resources- also about 70 acres of forest are lost every day
Pollutants- nutrient, sediment, wastewater are all deposited into the bay
Management required for the chesapeake bay watershed
Restoration of oyster populations- they filter water, contribute greatly to good water quality in areas with high populations of them
Managing fisheries- determine reproductive rate to ensure that our harvesting is sustainable and that resources are not depleted- ex: with blue crabs
Reducing pollution-
“Pollution diet”- maximum daily load
Sets limits on the amount of N, P, and sediment
Fostering stewardship- getting the public invested in public spaces and conservation
Education and interpretations
Increasing public access to the watershed
Diel Vertical Migration
Occurs in lakes
Globally, is the largest in terms of biomass
Happens every day
Zooplankton, phytoplankton
Cultural eutrification
algal blooms due to human activity that catalyze the natural process of buildup of biomass
Natural eutrification
Over time, in lakes, biomass would build up so much that the lake would become a forested area
lakes with a large supply of nutrients and small amounts of O2
Oligotrophic lakes
have low levels of nutrients- deep with steep lakes, mountainous, high-elevation, cold areas, O2 amounts are higher
As time goes on, oligotrophic lakes can slowly turn into eutrophic
Mesotrophic lakes
middle”- between oligotrophic and eutrophic
Zones of streams and rivers
Source zone
Transition zone
Floodplate zone
Source zone
Narrowest portions of the watershed
Coarse particulate matter
“Shredders”
Transition zone
Fine, particulate organic matter
Photosynthesis is present
“Collectors”
“Grazers”
Floodplate zone
Coarse particulate matter
River Continuum Concept
We have good predictive power using this information
Helps us to develop effective management strategies
Inland Wetlands
Lands located away from coastal areas that are covered with freshwater all or part of the time
Ecosystem services of inland wetlands
Biodiversity
Improve water quality
Flood mitigation
Control erosion- sedimentation is high- bioaccumulators, store these contaminants for long periods of time, protecting downstream waters
Recreation
Groundwater flow
We have lost over 50% of US wetlands in the past few 100s of years (Used for cropland)
Coastal deltas, mangrove forests, and coastal wetlands ecosystem services
provide considerable natural protection against flood and wave damage from coastal storms, hurricanes, typhoons, and tsunamis
