10-2 Cell Division Flashcards
Things that do not divide
Brain
Heart
Eyes
Nerves
G1 (Gap1)
Cell growth
^ size
Synthesize new proteins and organelles
S (Synthesis)
DNA replication
No growth
G2 (Gap2)
Growth
Prep for mitosis
Mitosis
The first stage, division of the cell nucleus
Four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
Cytokinesis
The second stage, division of the cytoplasm
Cytoplasm punches in half. Each daughter cell has an identical set of duplicate chromosomes.
Chromatid
One of two identical “sister” parts of a duplicated chromosome
Centromere
Each pair of chromatids is attached to an area
Interphase
Life of a cell as one cell division after another separated by an “in/between” period of growth
The cell grows and replicates it’s DNA and centrioles.
Cell Cycle
The series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
Prophase
The first and longest phase of mitosis
- Chromosome condenses in chromatids.
- Nuclear membrane breaks down
- Centrioles separate
- Spindles form
Centrioles
Two Tibet structures located in the cytoplasm near the nuclear envelope, separate and take up positions on opposite sides of the nucleus.
Metaphase
Second phase of mitosis, lasts only a few minutes
- Chromosomes meet in the middle
- Each chromosome is connected to a spindle fiver at centromere.
Anaphase
Third phase of mitosis
- Chromosomes pull apart
Telophase
Follows anaphase and is the fourth and final phase of mitosis.
- Chromosomes gather at opposite sides.
- Nuclear membrane reforms.
