10 - 14. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Flashcards
1
Q
Why are substances insoluble
A
because there are no attractions that could occur between solvent and solute molecules that could outweigh the attractions between the solute atoms
2
Q
Why does hydrolysis occur faster with OH ions that water
A
the negatively charged OH ion is a more effective nucleophile than the neutral water molecule
3
Q
Where is the pair of electrons in a sigma bond found
A
- between the nuclei of the two atoms sharing the electrons
- the electrostatic attraction between the negatively charged electrons and the positively charged nuclei bonds the atoms to each other
4
Q
What type of bond does the C=C double bond contain
A
sigma and pi bonds
5
Q
Where is the pair of electrons in a pi bond found
A
above and below the plane of the atoms
6
Q
Why are alkanes unreactive
A
- the C-H bond is weakly polarised so they are not attacked by nucleophiles or electrophiels
- there is no partial positive charge on a C atom to attract nucleophiles
- they don’t have areas of high electron density to attract electrophiles
7
Q
Why are alkenes reactive
A
they have pi bonding which is electron rich and attracts electrophiles
8
Q
What are the effects of unburnt hydrocarbons on the environment
A
- photochemical smog
- global dimming
