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Chapters 10-12 > 10-12 > Flashcards

10-12 Flashcards

0
Q

an/o

A

Anus

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1
Q

Abdomin/o

A

Abdomen

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2
Q

Append/o

Appendic/o

A

Appendix

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3
Q

Bil/i

A

Bile

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4
Q

Cec/o

A

Blind intestine, cecum

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5
Q

Chol/e

A

Bile, gall

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6
Q

Choledoch/o

A

Common bile duct

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7
Q

Col/o, colon/o

A

Colon

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8
Q

Cyst/o

A

Bladder, sac

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9
Q

Dent/o

A

Teeth

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10
Q

Duoden/o

A

Twelve, duodenum

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11
Q

Enter/o

A

Small intestine

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12
Q

Esophag/e, esophag/o

A

Gullet, esophagus

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13
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach

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14
Q

Gingiv/o

A

Gums

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15
Q

Gloss/o

A

Tongue

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16
Q

Hepat/o

A

Liver

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17
Q

ile/o

A

To roll, ileum

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18
Q

jejun/o

A

Empty, jejunum

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19
Q

Lingu/o

A

Tongue

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20
Q

Or/o

A

Mouth

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21
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Sweetbread, pancreas

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22
Q

Peps/o, pept/o

A

Digestion

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23
Q

Peritone/o

A

To stretch over, peritoneum

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24
Q

Proct/o

A

Rectum or anus

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25
Q

Pylor/o

A

Pylorus

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26
Q

Rect/o

A

Rectum

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27
Q

Sial/o

A

Saliva

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28
Q

Sigm/o

A

The letter s, sigmoid colon

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29
Q

Stomat/o

A

Mouth

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30
Q

What system converts food into a form the body can use for energy growth and repair

A

Digestive system

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31
Q

To divide, dissolve, or set in order

A

Digestive

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32
Q

GI

A

Gastrointestinal tract

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33
Q

Absorption of nutrients which occur across the wall of the small intestine
Regulation of sugar levels in the blood which is achieved by endocrine cells of the pancreas and liver cells
Conservation of water which occurs as water is absorbed across the walls of the small and large intestine

A

Other important functions of the digestive system

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34
Q

Organs of the digestive system

A

Pharynx, esophagus, liver,gallbladder, stomach, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine

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35
Q

G.I. tract normally contains enormous numbers of bacteria. Known as….most of these organisms are beneficial when the populations are contained in the tract.
However if it’s allowed to spread to other body areas severe infections can result

A

Digestive flora

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36
Q

In addition to the G.I. tract organs are also susceptible to inherited defects and the development of tumors

A

Infections

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37
Q

Disease of the mouth is treated by

A

A head and neck specialist

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38
Q

Stomach or intestinal disease is treated by

A

Gastroenterologist

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39
Q

A disease of the rectum is treated

A

Proctologist

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40
Q

A disease of the liver is treated by

A

Hepatobiliary

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41
Q

Cancer is treated by

A

Oncologist

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42
Q

The area with an hospital to treat digestive disorders is often called

A

Internal medicine

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43
Q

A-

A

Without, absence of

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44
Q

Dia-

A

Through

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45
Q

dys-

A

Bad, abnormal, painful, difficult

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46
Q

re-

A

Back

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47
Q

Bil/i

A

Bile

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48
Q

Flux/o

A

Flow

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49
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach

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50
Q

Halit/o

A

Breath

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51
Q

Hemat/o

A

Blood

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52
Q

Hepat/o

A

Liver

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53
Q

Peps/o, pept/o

A

Digestion

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54
Q

Phag/o

A

Eat, swallow

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55
Q

Steat/o

A

Fat

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56
Q
  • algia

- dynia

A

Condition of pain

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57
Q

-emesis

A

Vomiting

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58
Q

-emia

A

Condition of blood

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59
Q
  • ia

- osis

A

Condition of

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60
Q

-megaly

A

Abnormally large

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61
Q

-rrhea

A

Discharge

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62
Q

The inability to swallow

Literal meaning without eating or swallowing

A

Aphagia

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63
Q

Which is an accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity that produces an enlarged abdomen. It’s a sign of liver disease, congestive heart failure, or irritation to the peritoneum

A

Ascites

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64
Q

Infrequent or incomplete bowel movements are characteristics of
Means to press together

A

Constipation

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65
Q

The opposite of constipation in which frequent discharge of watery fecal matter occurs

A

Diarrhea

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66
Q

Condition of difficult digestion

A

Dyspepsia

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67
Q

Difficulty in swallowing

A

Dysphagia

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68
Q

Is used to describe the presence of gas or air in the G.I. tract which is simply called

A

Flatus

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69
Q

The symptom of stomach pain is known as

A

Gastrodynia

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70
Q

Bad breath

A

Halitosis

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71
Q

Vomiting blood is a sign of a severe digestive disorder such as a bleeding peptic ulcer or stomach cancer the
literal meaning is vomiting blood

A

Hematemesis

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72
Q

A sign of liver disease is abnormal enlargement of the liver
literal meaning abnormally large liver

A

Hepatomegaly

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73
Q

Yellowish orange coloration of the skin, sclera of the eyes and deeper tissue is a collective sign of liver disease called
This results from the accumulation of bile pigments in the bloodstream that are normally removed by the liver

A

Jaundice

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74
Q

The symptom of dizziness that includes an urge to vomit is called

A

Nausea

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75
Q

A backward flow of material in the G.I. tract or regurgitation is called
Literal meaning is back flow

A

Reflux

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76
Q

Abnormal levels of fat in the feces is a sign of digestive malfunction it is called
Literal meaning discharge of fat

A

Steatorrhea

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77
Q

an-

A

Without, absence of

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78
Q

Mal-

A

Bad

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79
Q

Aden/o

A

Gland

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80
Q

Appendic/o

A

Appendix

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81
Q

Cheil/o

A

Lip

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82
Q

Chol/e

A

Bile, gall

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83
Q

Cholecyst/o

A

Gallbladder

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84
Q

Choledoch/o

A

Common bile duct

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85
Q

Cirrh/o

A

Orange

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86
Q

Col/o

A

Colon

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87
Q

Diverticul/o

A

Diverticulum

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88
Q

Duoden/o

A

Twelve, duodenum

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89
Q

Enter/o

A

Small intestine

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90
Q

Esophag/e, esophag/o

A

Gullet, esophagus

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91
Q

Gastr/o

A

Stomach

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92
Q

Gingiv/o

A

Gums

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93
Q

Gloss/o

A

Tongue

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94
Q

Hem/o

A

Blood

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95
Q

Hepat/o

A

Liver

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96
Q

Lip/o

A

Fat

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97
Q

Lith/o

A

Stone

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98
Q

Orex/o

A

Appetite

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99
Q

Pancreat/o

A

Sweetbread, pancreas

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100
Q

Parot/o

A

Parotid gland

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101
Q

Pept/o

A

Digestion

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102
Q

Peritone/o

A

To stretch over, peritoneum

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103
Q

Polyp/o

A

Small growth

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104
Q

Proct/o

A

Rectum or anus

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105
Q

Rect/o

A

Rectum

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106
Q

Sial/o

A

Saliva

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107
Q

Volv/o

A

To roll

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108
Q
  • al

- ic

A

Pertaining to

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109
Q

-ectasis

A

Expansion, dilation

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110
Q
  • ia
  • iasis
  • osis
A

Condition of

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111
Q

-itis

A

Inflammation

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112
Q

-malacia

A

Softening

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113
Q

-oid

A

Resembling

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114
Q

-Oma

A

Tumor

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115
Q

-pathy

A

Disease

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116
Q

-penia

A

Abnormal reduction in number, deficiency

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117
Q

-ptosis

A

Drooping

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118
Q

-sis

A

State of

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119
Q

-y

A

Process of

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120
Q

An emotional eating disorder in which the patient avoids food due to a compulsion to become thin in appearance is known as
Literal meaning nervous condition of absence of appetite

A

Anorexia nervosa

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121
Q

Inflammation of the appendix

A

Appendicitis

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122
Q

A common eating disorder involving gorging with food followed by induced vomiting or laxative abuse is known as
Also commonly known as binging and purging

A

Bulimia

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123
Q

Inflammation of the lip

A

Cheilitis

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124
Q

Bladder of gall, inflammation of the gallbladder is therefore called

A

Cholecystitis

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125
Q

Inflammation of the common bile duct is called

A

Choledochitis

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126
Q

Generalized condition of stones lodged within the gallbladder or bile duct is called

A

Cholelithiasis

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127
Q

A chronic progressive liver disease characterized by the gradual loss of liver cells and their replacement by fat and other forms of connective tissue is known as

A

Cirrhosis

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128
Q

Inflammation of the segment of the large intestine known as the colon is called

A

Colitis

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129
Q

Cancer of the colon often includes cancer of the rectum forming the life-threatening disease known as

A

Colorectal cancer

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130
Q

A chronic inflammation of any part of the G.I. tract most commonly the ilium of the small intestine that involves ulcerations, scar tissue formation, and thickening adhesions of the organ wall is called

A

Crohn’s disease

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131
Q

Some individuals small pouches called diverticula form on the wall of the colon. The presence of diverticula is often without symptoms or with mild bowel discomfort is called

A

Diverticulosis

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132
Q

If the pouches become inflamed it produces a more painful condition known as
This increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer

A

Diverticulitis

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133
Q

An ulcer or erosion in the wall of the duodenum of the small intestine is called

A

Duodenal ulcer

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134
Q

An acute inflammation of the G.I. tract that is caused by bacteria, protozoa, or chemical irritants is called
Literal meaning difficult intestine

A

Dysentery

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135
Q

Inflammation of the small or large intestine is called

A

Enteritis

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136
Q

Inflammation of the esophagus is called

It is often caused by acid reflux from the stomach which burns the esophageal lining to produce the inflammation

A

Esophagitis

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137
Q

Chronic esophagitis may lead to either a morbid softening of the esophageal wall called

A

Esophagomalacia

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138
Q

Ingestion of food contaminated with harmful bacteria can cause symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting even in otherwise healthy people but the very young and elderly and immunosuppressed. It can become life-threatening
Food poisoning

A

Food borne illnesses

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139
Q

Abnormal Stretching or dilation of the stomach is

May be caused by over eating, obstruction of the pyloric opening or hiatal hernia

A

Gastrectasis

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140
Q

abnormal enlargement of the stomach is a related condition called

A

Gastromegaly

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141
Q

Commonly known as stomach cancer this is an aggressive metastatic cancer arising from cells lining the stomach

A

Gastric cancer

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142
Q

An ulcer or erosion in the wall of the stomach is commonly called a

A

Gastric ulcer

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143
Q

Inflammation of the stomach
The acute form of this usually caused by improper diet or an infection and the chronic form of this maybe caused by chronic bacterial infection, peptic ulcers and gastric cancer

A

Gastritis

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144
Q

If the small intestine is involved in the inflammation it is called

A

Gastroenteritis

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145
Q

If the first segment of the small intestine, the duodenum, is specifically involved it is called

A

Gastroduodenitis

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146
Q

Inflammation of the stomach, small intestine, and colon all at once is called

A

Gastroenterocolitis

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147
Q

A reoccurring backflow, or reflux, of stomach contents into the esophagus is a condition called

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease or GERD

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148
Q

The softening of the stomach wall may occur during advanced stages of stomach cancer and other chronic diseases of the stomach

A

Gastromalacia

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149
Q

The disease is usually contracted by drinking contaminated water and is known as

A

Giardiasis

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150
Q

Inflammation of the gums ir gingivae is called

A

Gingivitis

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151
Q

Any disease of the tongue is called a glossopathy
An example of glossopathy is… which is an inflammation of the tongue often caused by exposure to allergens, toxic substance or extreme heat or cold

A

Glossitis

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152
Q

A varicose, or swollen, condition of the veins in the anus produces painful swelling that may break open and bleed is known as
Literal meaning resembling leakage of blood

A

Hemorrhoids

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153
Q

A viral induced inflammation of the liver is called

A

Viral Hepatitis

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154
Q

A tumor arising from cells within the liver is called

This disease is also called hepatocellular carcinoma or HCC

A

Malignant Hepatoma

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155
Q

Protrusion of the cardiac portion of the stomach through the hiatus of the diaphragm to enter the thoracic cavity is called

A

Hiatal hernia

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156
Q

A protrusion of a small intestinal segment through the abdominal wall in the inguinal region

A

Inguinal hernia

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157
Q

Occurs in males and is a protrusion into the scrotal cavity

A

Direct inguinal hernia

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158
Q

Occurs when a small intestinal segment enters through a tear in the membrane covering the abdominal wall at the umbilical region

A

Umbilical hernia

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159
Q

If a hernia becomes strangulated which restricts bloodflow to the protruding organ it’s called
This requires medical intervention to avoid loss of the affected organ

A

Strangulated hernia

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160
Q

Is a general term that includes the conditions ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease

A

Inflammatory bowel disease or IBD

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161
Q

Infolding of a segment of the small intestine within another segment is a condition called
Collectively mean to take within

A

Intussusception

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162
Q

A chronic disease characterized by periodic disturbances of large intestine bowel function without clear physical damage is called
Episodes of this include abdominal pain caused by intestinal muscle spasms and flatus and are often associated with fluctuations between diarrhea and constipation

A

Irritable bowel syndrome or IBS

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163
Q

Most people produce an enzyme in the small intestine that breaks down lactose. a lack of this enzyme results from the uncomfortable symptoms of flatus and diarrhea when diary foods are consumed, this condition is called

A

Lactose intolerance and is abbreviated LI

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164
Q

A disorder that is characterized by difficulty absorbing one or more nutrients is called
An example is the inability to absorb fat molecules resulting in a life-threatening disease called lipopenia

A

Malabsorption syndrome

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165
Q

Inflammation of the pancreas

A

Pancreatitis

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166
Q

Inflammation of one or both parotid gland is called

If caused by a virus it’s usually referred to as mumps

A

Parotitis

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167
Q

Inflammation of the saliva gland

A

Sialoadenitis

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168
Q

The term peptic is a constructed term that means pertaining to digestion and erosion into the inner wall of an organ along the G.I. tract is generally called a

A

Peptic ulcer

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169
Q

The peritoneum is the extensive membrane that lines the inner wall of the Abdominopelvic cavity and covers most of its organs.
Inflammation of this membrane is called

A

Peritonitis

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170
Q

Small growth it is usually a benign growth that may occur in the nose throat or large intestine the presence of many polyps is called
Literal meaning condition of small growths

A

Polyposis

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171
Q

A combining form meaning rectum or anus is proct/o.

Inflammation of the anus and usually the rectum as well is called

A

Proctitis

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172
Q

A drooping or prolapse of the rectum is a condition called

A

Proctoptosis

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173
Q

Severe twisting of the intestine that leads to obstruction is called

A

Volvulus

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174
Q

An-

A

Without, absence of

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175
Q

Anti-

A

Against, opposite of

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176
Q

Dia-

A

Through

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177
Q

Endo-

A

Within

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178
Q

Abdomin/o

A

Abdomen

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179
Q

Acid/o

A

A solution or substance with a pH less than seven

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180
Q

Append/o

A

Appendix

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181
Q

Cheil/o

A

Lip

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182
Q

Cholecyst/o

A

Gallbladder

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183
Q

Choledoch/o

A

Common bile duct

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184
Q

Col/o

A

Colon

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185
Q

Fec/o

A

Feces

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186
Q

ile/o

A

To roll, ileum

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187
Q

Lapar/o

A

Abdomen

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188
Q

Lith/o

A

Stone

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189
Q

Nas/o

A

Nose

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190
Q

Polyp/o

A

Small growth

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191
Q

Pylor/o

A

Pylorus

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192
Q

Vag/o

A

Vagus nerve

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193
Q

-centesis

A

Surgical puncture

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194
Q

-ectomy

A

Surgical excision, removal

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195
Q

-emetic

A

Pertaining to vomiting

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196
Q

-gram

A

A record or image

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197
Q

-plasty

A

Surgical repair

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198
Q

-rrhaphy

A

Suturing

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199
Q

-rrhea

A

Discharge

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200
Q

-scopy

A

Process of viewing

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201
Q

-spasmodic

A

Pertaining to a sudden involuntary muscle contraction

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202
Q

-stomy

A

Surgical creation of an opening

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203
Q

-tomy

A

Incision, to cut

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204
Q

A surgical puncture through the abdominal wall to remove fluid is a procedure called

A

Abdominocentesis

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205
Q

An agent that reduces the acidity of the stomach cavity is called an

A

Antacid

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206
Q

A drug that prevents or stops the vomiting reflex

literal meaning pertaining to against vomiting

A

Antiemetic

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207
Q

A drug that reduces Peristalsis activity in the G.I. tract which arrest the muscular spasms involved in diarrhea is called

A

Antispasmodic

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208
Q

The surgical removal of an appendix is called

A

Appendectomy

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209
Q

An agent that stimulates strong waves of peristalsis of the colon is called this which means purging cleansing
this is also used to treat the symptoms of constipation

A

Cathartic

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210
Q

An agent that causes mild waves of peristalsis of is called a

A

Laxative

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211
Q

The procedure for suturing a lip is called

A

Cheilorraphy

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212
Q

The surgical removal of the gallbladder is called

A

Cholecystectomy

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213
Q

The procedure of producing an x-ray image of the gallbladder is known as

A

Cholecystogram

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214
Q

The surgery that involves the removal of one or more obstructive gallstones from the common bile duct is called

A

Choledocholithotomy

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215
Q

A congenital defect in which the bones supporting the roof of the mouth or hard palate failed to fuse during fetal development leaving a space between oral cavity and nasal cavity.
it is often accompanied by an opening in the upper left

A

Cleft palate

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216
Q

Surgical removal of the segment of the colon is called

A

Colectomy

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217
Q

When this procedure is performed on the colon it is called a
literal meaning surgical creation of an opening

A

Colostomy

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218
Q

A clinical lab test performed to detect blood in the feces is called

A

Fecal occult blood test

abbreviated FOBT

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219
Q

Surgical removal of a part of the stomach or in extreme cases the entire organ is called

A

Gastrectomy

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220
Q

The cleansing procedure in which the stomach is irrigated with a prescribed solution is known as
this is performed after ingestion of toxic substances or drug overdoses to remove irritants before or after surgery

A

Gastric lavage

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221
Q

Irrigation procedure may be performed on the colon to remove unwanted unwanted substances is called

A

Colonic irrigation

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222
Q

If the unwanted material is in fecal blockage in the colon or Rectum a blank is used

A

Enema

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223
Q

The process of feeding a patient through a tube inserted into the nose that extends through the esophagus to enter the stomach is called

A

Gavage

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224
Q

Visual examination of the GI tract that is made possible by the use of an endoscope

A

GI endoscopy

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225
Q

Procedure used to examine the esophagus

A

Escophagoscopy

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226
Q

Procedure used to view the stomach

A

Gastroscopy

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227
Q

Process which examines the esophagus stomach and duodenum

A

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

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228
Q

Process to view the abdominal cavity

A

Laparoscopy

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229
Q

Process to examine views of the colon

A

Colonoscopy

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230
Q

Process to view or examine the sigmoid colon

A

Sigmoidoscopy

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231
Q

Process to observe the rectum

A

Proctoscopy

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232
Q

Several diagnostic techniques that provide radiographic examination of the G.I. tract

A

G.I. series

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233
Q

A barium swallow barium shake or barium meal is ingested to provide x-ray images of the esophagus stomach and duodenum for this procedure

A

Upper G.I. series UGI

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234
Q

The administration of barium sulfate into the colon and rectum for a lower G.I. series LGI of x-rays

A

Barium enema be

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235
Q

Surgical removal of diseased tissue in the gums or gingivae is called

A

Gingivectomy

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236
Q

injury that involves a severe bite to the tongue often requires surgery to close the wound with sutures. This surgery is called

A

Glossorrhaphy

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237
Q

Surgical removal of hemorrhoids is performed during a

A

Hemorrhoidectomy

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238
Q

A surgical creation of an opening through the abdominal wall and into the ileum of the small intestine is called
This is performed to establish an alternate anus for the passage of feces usually following a radical colonectomy in which the entire colon is removed

A

ileostomy

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239
Q

The surgical procedure that involves an incision through the abdominal wall, often from the base of the sternum to the pubic bone is called

A

Laparotomy

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240
Q

The surgical removal of polyps is known as

A

Polypectomy

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241
Q

The surgical repair of the pylorus region of the stomach which may include repair of the pyloric valve is known as

A

Pyloroplasty

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242
Q

If a pathogen is a suspected cause of a disease that affects the G.I. tract a test may be performed called a

A

Stool culture and sensitivity

CNS

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243
Q

The surgical dissection of branches of the vagus nerve may be performed in an effort to reduce gastric juice secretion as a treatment for chronic gastric ulcers this procedure is called

A

Vagotomy

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244
Q

BE

A

Barium enema

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245
Q

C & S

A

Stool culture and sensitivity

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246
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

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247
Q

FOBT

A

Fecal occult blood test

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248
Q

GERD

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

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249
Q

GI

A

Gastrointestinal

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250
Q

IBD

A

Inflammatory bowel disease

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251
Q

IBS

A

Irritable bowel syndrome

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252
Q

LGI

A

Lower GI series

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253
Q

LI

A

Lactose intolerance

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254
Q

N & V

A

Nausea and vomiting

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255
Q

UGI

A

Upper GI series

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256
Q

Albumin/o

A

Albumin, a protein

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257
Q

Blast/o

A

Germ, Bud, developing cell

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258
Q

Glomerul/o

A

Little ball, glomerulus

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259
Q

Gluc/o

A

Sweet, sugar

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260
Q

Glyc/o,

glycos/o

A

Sweet, sugar

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261
Q

Meat/o

A

Opening, passage

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262
Q

Nephr/o

A

Kidney

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263
Q

Pyel/o

A

Renal pelvis

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264
Q

Ren/o

A

Kidney

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265
Q

Ureter/o

A

Ureter

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266
Q

Urethr/o

A

Urethra

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4
5
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267
Q

Ur/o

Urin/o

A

Urine

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268
Q

The sanitation engineer of the body maintaining the purity and health of the body’s fluids by removing unwanted waste materials and recycling other materials

A

The urinary system

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269
Q

They filter gallons of fluids from the bloodstream every day, removing metabolic waste, toxins, excess ions and water that leave the body as urine while returning needed materials back into the blood

A

Kidneys

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270
Q

Kidneys perform other vital functions such as

A 
Regulation of:
blood pressure, 
pH within body fluids, 
water and salt concentrations
 red blood cell production
271
Q

The urethra, urinary bladder, and ureters are each protected by a

A

Mucous membrane

272
Q

In addition to…other sources of disease may afflict the urinary system, including tumors, stones, inherited disorders, and cardiovascular disease

A

Infections

273
Q

Because…originates from the bloodstream and the urinary system releases urine on a regular basis, urine testing provides a convenient means for testing general health

A

Urine

274
Q

The clinical treatment of urinary disease is a medical discipline known as

A

Urology

275
Q

A physician specializing in the field of urinary disease

A

Urologist

276
Q

The field that specializes in the treatment of kidney disease is

A

Nephrology

277
Q

A physician specializing in the field of kidney disease

A

Nephrologist

278
Q

Poly-

A

Excessive, over, many

279
Q

Azot/o

A

Urea, nitrogen

280
Q

Bacteri/o

A

Bacteria

281
Q

Glycos/o

A

Sweet, sugar

282
Q

Hem/o

Hemat/o

A

Blood

283
Q

Ket/o

Keton/o

A

Ketone

284
Q

Noct/o

A

Night

285
Q

Olig/o

A

Few in number

286
Q

Protein/o

A

Protein

287
Q

Py/o

A

Pus

288
Q

-emia

A

Condition of blood

289
Q

-urea

A

Urine

290
Q

-uresis

A

Urination

291
Q

-uria

A

Pertaining to urine, urination

292
Q

A clinical procedure that examines the composition of urine using a variety of tests, including microscopy.

A

Urinalysis

293
Q

Albumin is a protein normally present in the bloodstream. If it appears in the urine, it is a physical sign of abnormal renal filtration. This condition is called

A

Albuminuria

294
Q

The inability to pass urine is a sign of blockage of the urinary tract or kidney failure, it’s called

Without urination

A

Anuresis

295
Q

Anuria

A

Pertaining to without urine

296
Q

The sign of abnormally high levels of urea and other nitrogen-containing compounds in the bold is called

A

Azotemia

297
Q

The abnormal presence of bacteria in the urine is a sign of a urinary tract infection and is called

A

Bacteriuria

298
Q

The excessive discharge of urine is a sign of the endocrine disorders known as diabetes insipidus and diabetes Mellitus
Literal meaning “urination through”

A

Diuresis

299
Q

Difficulty or pain experience during urination

A

Dysuria

300
Q

The abnormal presence of glucose in the urine is a sign of an endocrine disease, such as diabetes mellitus or kidney disorder or perhaps both
the sign is called

A

Glycosura

301
Q

The abnormal presence of blood in the urine is a sign of urinary disease
it is called
pertaining to bloody urine or urination

A

Hematuria

302
Q

The abnormal presence of ketone bodies in the urine is called

A

Ketonuria

303
Q

The need to urinate frequently at night is a possible symptom of diabetes mellitus or benign prostatic hyperplasia BPH

A

Nocturia

304
Q

When the volume of urine declines to less then 500 ML within 24 hour period is known as… And is a possible sign of a kidney disorder
It can also be a sign of congestive heart failure, dehydration, or blockage in the urinary tract

A

Oliguria

305
Q

Chronic excessive urination is a common sign of an endocrine disease usually diabetes insipidus a diabetes mellitus the sign is called
it is also known as diuresis

A

Polyuria

306
Q

The presence of any protein in the urine is called

A

Proteinuria

307
Q

The presence of pus in the urine is called

A

Pyuria

308
Q

En-

A

Within, upon, on, over

309
Q

Hypo-

A

Deficient, abnormally low, below

310
Q

Epi-

A

Upon, over, above, on top

311
Q

Cyst/o

A

Bladder, sac

312
Q

Hydr/o

A

Water

313
Q

Spadias/o

A

Rip, tear

314
Q

Sten/o

A

Narrow

315
Q

-cele

A

Hernia, swelling, protrusion

316
Q

-uresis

A

Urination

317
Q

An inflammation of the urinary bladder is called

Usually caused by a bacterial infection that travels up the urethra

A

Cystitis

318
Q

An infection of the urinary bladder and the urethra is called

A

Urethrocystitis

319
Q

A herniation of the urinary bladder is called a

A

Cystocele

320
Q

A stone or a calculus in the urinary bladder if it’s too large pass through the urethra medical intervention is required to eliminate it

A

Cystolith

321
Q

And involuntarily release of urine which usually occurs due to a lack of bladder control among children or the elderly is known as
When this occurs during sleep it is known as nocturnal enuresis or bedwetting

A

Enuresis

322
Q

A congenital defect resulting in the abnormal positioning of the urinary meatus is known as
Literal meaning a rip or tear upon

A

Epispadias

323
Q

Any disease of the glomeruli is called a

A

Glomerulonephropathy

324
Q

Inflammation of the glomeruli

which is known as

A

Glomerulonephritis

325
Q

If the exit of urine out of the kidneys becomes blocked by an obstruction in the ureter, the urine will back up to cause distention of the renal pelvis
this condition is known as

A

Hydronephrosis

326
Q

The change in the location of the urinary meatus is ventral

literally means a rip or tear below

A

Hypospadias

327
Q

The inability to control urination is called

A

Urinary incontinence

328
Q

And involuntary discharge of urine occurs during a cough, sneeze, or strained movement

A

Stress incontinence

329
Q

Inflammation of a kidney is known as

A

Nephritis

330
Q

A tumor originating from kidney tissue that includes developing embryonic cells. it’s also called Wilms’ tumor after the 19th century German physician who published the first description of the disease

A

Nephroblastoma

331
Q

The presence of one or more stones or calculi within a kidney is called

A

Nephrolithiasis

332
Q

A general term for a tumor arising from kidney tissue is

A

Nephroma

333
Q

And abnormal enlargement of one or both kidneys is called

A

Nephromegaly

334
Q

The condition of a downward displacement “drooping” of a kidney is known as

A

Nephroptosis

335
Q

Nephroptosis is commonly called

A

Floating kidney

336
Q

A kidney condition characterized by the presence of numerous cysts occupying much of the kidney tissue is called
Pertaining to many bladders

A

Polycystic kidney disease

337
Q

Inflammation of the renal pelvis is called

A

Pyelitis

338
Q

An inflammatory condition of the renal pelvis and nephrons is called

A

Pyelonephritis

339
Q

A condition of abnormal narrowing is known as

A

Stricture

340
Q

Ureteral stricture

A

Ureter is narrowed

341
Q

Urethral stricture

A

The urethra is narrowed

342
Q

Ureterovesical stricture

A

The junction of the ureter and bladder are narrowed

343
Q

Another medical term that refers to the abnormal narrowing it may be used as an alternate term for stricture in each of these terms

A

Stenosis

344
Q

Ureteral stricture or narrowing

A

ureterostenosis

345
Q

An excess of urea and other nitrogenous wastes are present in the blood
this is caused by failure of the kidneys to remove urea and is associated with renal insufficiency or renal failure

A

Uremia

346
Q

Inflammation of a ureter is called

A

Ureteritis

347
Q

Herniated ureter is called a

A

Ureterocele

348
Q

The presence of one or more stones or calculi within a ureter is called

A

Ureterolithiasis

349
Q

The abnormal accumulation of urine within the urinary bladder is called
Results from an inability to void or urinate

A

Urinary retention

350
Q

An acute stoppage of urine formation by the kidneys is known as

A

Urinary suppression

351
Q

The kidneys cease to function

A

Acute renal failure

352
Q

Commonly called by its abbreviation of a UTI it’s an infection of urinary organs usually the urethra and urinary bladder

A

Urinary tract infection

353
Q

Son/o

A

Sound

354
Q

Tom/o

A

To cut

355
Q

Vesic/o

A

Bladder

356
Q

-gram

A

A record or image

357
Q

-graphy

A

Recording process

358
Q

-logy

A

Study or science of

359
Q

-lysis

A

Loosen, dissolve

360
Q

-meter

A

Measure, measuring instrument

361
Q

-pexy

A

Surgical fixation, suspension

362
Q

-plasty

A

Surgical repair

363
Q

-rrhaphy

A

Suturing

364
Q

-scopy

A

Process of viewing

365
Q

-tripsy

A

Surgical crushing

366
Q

A clinical lab test that measures urea concentration in a sample of blood as an indicator of kidney function abbreviated BUN

A

Blood urea nitrogen

367
Q

Is a normal component of urine and is a by-product of muscle metabolism
Elevated levels of this indicate a problem during kidney filtration suggesting kidney disease

A

Creatinine

368
Q

The surgical removal of the urinary bladder is called

A

Cystectomy

369
Q

An x-ray procedure producing an image of the urinary bladder with injection of a contrast medium or dye is called

A

Cystography

370
Q

An x-ray image of the urinary bladder is called

A

Cystogram

371
Q

If the procedure includes the ureters, it’s called a

A

Cystoureterography

372
Q

The image obtained from the procedure including the ureters is called

A

Cystoureterogram

373
Q

If the procedure includes the urethra it is called

A

Cystourethrography

374
Q

The image from the procedure that includes the urethra is called

A

Cystourethrogram

375
Q

X-rays are taken before during and after urination to observe bladder function is called

A

Voiding cystourethrogram

VCUG

376
Q

A procedure in which an incision is made to the urinary bladder wall to remove a stone is called

A

Cystolithotomy

377
Q

Surgical repair of the urinary bladder is a procedure called

A

Cystoplasty

378
Q

Suturing the urinary bladder wall is a procedure called

A

Cystorrhaphy

379
Q

A procedure using a modified endoscope to view the interior of the urinary bladder is known as

A

Cystoscopy

380
Q

The surgical creation of an artificial opening into the urinary bladder is a procedure called

A

Cystostomy

381
Q

Because the term cystotomy refers to an incision into the urinary bladder wall it’s also called a ….because both cyst and vesic are word roots meaning bladder

A

Vesicotomy

382
Q

A surgical procedure that destroys living tissue with an electrical current is called…
it is commonly used to remove tumors and polyps from the interior wall of the urinary bladder

A

Fulguration

383
Q

A procedure that pushes a patient’s blood through permeable membranes within an instrument. it is performed to artificially remove nitrogenous wastes and excess ions that accumulate during normal body metabolism temporarily replacing the function of the kidney filtration for patients with kidney disease and kidney failure

A

Hemodialysis

384
Q

A surgical technique that applies concentrated soundwaves to pulverize or dissolve stones into smaller pieces that may then pass with urine through the urethra is called

A

Lithotripsy

385
Q

In the procedure ESWL ultrasonic energy from a source outside of the body is used on stones are too large to pass through the urethra it’s also a noninvasive technique and avoids the risk of surgery

A

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy

386
Q

A surgical procedure that removes the kidney is called

A

Nephrectomy

387
Q

An x-ray technique producing an image of a kidney after injection of contrast medium or dye is called nephrography
The x-Ray image of the kidney obtained in this procedure is called

A

Nephrogram

388
Q

The medical field that studies and treats disorders associated with the kidneys is called

A

Nephrology

389
Q

A surgical procedure during which abnormal adhesions are removed from the kidney loosening the organ

A

Nephrolysis

390
Q

Surgical fixation of a kidney is sometimes necessary if the kidney is abnormally loose within the abdominal cavity such as in the condition nephroptosis or floating kidney

A

Nephropexy

391
Q

Visual examination of kidney nephrons may be performed in the procedure known as…
during which a modified fiber-optic endoscope called a nephroscope is used

A

Nephroscopy

392
Q

Ultrasound procedure that provides an image of a kidney for diagnostic analysis is known as

A

Nephrosonography

393
Q

The procedure that surgically creates an opening through the body wall and into the kidneys is called

A

Nephrostomy

394
Q

A diagnostic procedure that images the kidney with sectional x-rays to observe internal details of kidney structure is known as nephrotomography. The image from this procedure is called

A

Nephrotomogram

395
Q

It’s a process that removes toxins and other wastes as a replacement for kidney function this process is done from the peritoneal cavity rather than directly from the bloodstream

A

Peritoneal dialysis

396
Q

An x-ray image of the renal pelvis is a useful diagnostic tool that is often used to examine kidney related disorders

A

Pyelogram

397
Q

A combination of clinical lab tests are performed on a urine specimen is called
literal meaning analysis of urine

A

Urinalysis

UA

398
Q

The process of inserting the urinary catheter is called

A

Urinary catheterization

399
Q

The procedural use of an endoscope to observe internal structures of the urinary system is generally known as

A

Urinary endoscopy

400
Q

An instrument that measures the specific gravity (density of substances in water) in a sample of urine is known as

A

Urinometer

401
Q

The medical field specializing in disorders of the urinary system is called urology a physician who treats patients in this discipline is called a

A

Urologist

402
Q

Surgery that is performed to stabilize the position of the urinary bladder is called

A

Vesicourethral suspension

403
Q

Blood urea nitrogen

A

BUN

404
Q

Cath

A

Catheter, catheterization

405
Q

Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy

A

ESWL

406
Q

Hemodialysis

A

HD

407
Q

Intravenous pyelogram

A

IVP

408
Q

Retrograde pyelogram

A

RP

409
Q

Specific gravity

A

SG

410
Q

Urinalysis

A

UA

411
Q

Urinary tract infection

A

UTI

412
Q

Voiding cystourethrogram

A

VCUG

413
Q

Amni/o

Amnion/o

A

Amnion

414
Q

Andr/o

A

Male

415
Q

Balan/o

A

Glans penis

416
Q

Cervic/o

A

Neck, cervix

417
Q

Chori/o

A

Membrane, chorion

418
Q

Cyes/o

Cyesi/o

A

Pregnancy

419
Q

Embry/o

A

Embryo

420
Q

Epididym/o

A

Epididymis

421
Q

Episi/o

A

Vulva

422
Q

Fet/o

A

Fetus

423
Q

Gravid/o

Gravidar/o

A

Pregnancy

424
Q

Mamm/o

A

Breast

425
Q

Mast/o

A

Breast

426
Q

Men/o

Menstru/o

A

Mouth

Menstruation

427
Q

Orchi/o

Orchid/o

A

Testis

428
Q

Pen/o

A

Penis

429
Q

Prostat/o

A

Prostate gland

430
Q

Semin/o

A

Seed

sperm

431
Q

Sperm/o

Spermat/o

A

Seed

sperm

432
Q

Test/o

A

Testis

testicle

433
Q

Testicul/o

A

Little testis

Testicle

434
Q

Urethr/o

A

Urethra

435
Q

Vas/o

A

Vessel

436
Q

In both sexes the …. system performs the role of producing sex cells called gametes in preparation for fertilization and development of new offspring

A

Reproductive system

437
Q

The male sex hormone testosterone is also produced by the

A

Testes

438
Q

The female hormones estrogen and progesterone are produced by cells within the

A

Ovaries

439
Q

When a new life has been conceived the developing embryo enters into the segment of life called

A

Prenatal development

440
Q

Blank is often referred to by it’s abbreviation OB

A

Obstetrics

441
Q

Blank manages the health care of both the male and female reproductive systems

A

Reproductive medicine

442
Q

Because the male urethra is responsible for transporting both urine and semen, disease of the male reproductive systems are usually treated within the field of urology by a

A

Urologist

443
Q

Disease of the female reproductive system are generally treated by a physician called a

A

Gynecologist

444
Q

Gynecologists. Specialize in the field

A

Gynecology

445
Q

For many people the most common threat to health exposure to …during sexual contact

A

Pathogens

446
Q

Once established these pathogens may spread throughout the body through STD

A

Sexually transmitted disease

447
Q

Balan/o

A

Glans penis

448
Q

Zo/o

A

Animal

Living

449
Q

The inability to produce or ejaculate sperm is a sign of male infertility know as
Condition of without seed

A

Aspermia

450
Q

The absence of living sperm in semen is called

Condition of without living seed

A

Azoospermia

451
Q

An abnormal condition of discharge from the glans is called

Symptom of gonorrhea

A

Balanorrhea

452
Q

The sexually transmitted infection syphilis may be diagnosed by the presence of small ulcers on the skin of the penis called

A

Chancres

453
Q

And abnormally low sperm count is the most common sign of male infertility combining the word part that means fewer number with the word part meaning condition of sperm the term that results is a condition

A

Oligospermia

454
Q

Wart olike lesions on the skin and mucous membranes is called

A

Papillomas

455
Q

A sign of infection by sexually-transmitted human papilloma virus in they’re commonly called genital warts

A

Papilloma

456
Q

Inflammation of the prostate gland is
called
it is usually a sign of either BPH or prostate cancer

A

Prostatitis

457
Q

An abnormal discharge from the prostate gland is known as

A

Prostatorrhea

458
Q

The condition of testicular pain is known as

A

Testalgia
Orchialgia
Orchidalgia

459
Q

Inflammation of the urethra is called

A

Urethritis

460
Q

Para-

A

Alongside

Abnormal

461
Q

Andr/o

A

Male

462
Q

Crypt/o

A

Hidden

463
Q

Varic/o

A

Dilated vein

464
Q

-ism

A

Condition or disease

465
Q

-plasia

A

Formation, growth

466
Q

A disease afflicting only males

A

Andropathy

467
Q

Condition of without testis

A

Anorchism

468
Q

Inflammation of the glans penis is a disorder called

A

Balanitis

469
Q

Among many men older than 50 the prostate gland enlarges to constrict the urethra passing through it this is known as

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

BPH

470
Q

The condition of an undescended testis is called

A

Cryptorchidism

471
Q

Inflammation of the epididymis is called

A

Epididymitis

472
Q

When the epididymis and one or both testes are inflamed the condition is known as

A

Orchiepididymitis

473
Q

This is also known as impotence

A

Erectile dysfunction

ED

474
Q

The swelling of the scrotum caused by fluid accumulation

A

Hydrocele

475
Q

A hardness or induration of the erectile tissue within the penis is a condition known as
If the induration is greater on one side it will cause a curvature of the penis

A

Peyronie disease

476
Q

A congenital narrowing of the prepuce opening is known as

A

Phimosis

477
Q

If the glans penis becomes strangulated the condition is called
And must be surgically corrected to immediately avoid complications

A

Paraphimosis

478
Q

An abnormally persistent erection of the penis often accompanied by pain and tenderness
most common cause of this is a drug overdose

A

Priapism

479
Q

The prostate gland is subject to an aggressive form of cancer commonly known as

A

Prostate Cancer and also know as

prostatic carcinoma

480
Q

A cancer originating from the testis is known as

A

Testicular carcinoma

481
Q

Occurs when the spermatic cord becomes twisted, causing a reduced blood flow to the testis if not corrected within a few hours by surgery the affected testicular tissue can die

A

Testicular torsion

482
Q

Herniation of the veins within the spermatic cord is a condition known as

A

Vericocele

483
Q

Trans-

A

Through, beyond, across

484
Q

Vesicul/o

A

Small bag

485
Q

A collection of therapies that addresses erectile dysfunction is called

A

Anti-impotence therapy

486
Q

The surgical repair of the glans penis is therefore called

A

Balanoplasty

487
Q

A common routine procedure in many parts of the world is the removal of the prepuce. known as

A

Circumcision

488
Q

A physical exam that involves the insertion of a finger into the rectum to feel the size and shape of the prostate gland through the wall of the rectum

A

Digital rectal examination

DRE

489
Q

The surgical removal of a hydrocele is a procedure called

A

Hydrocelectomy

490
Q

The surgical removal of the testis is called

A

Orchidectomy

491
Q

A bilateral orchidectomy is commonly called

A

Castration

492
Q

Surgical fixation of a testis is sometimes required to draw an undescended testis into the scrotum the procedure is called

A

Orchidopexy

493
Q

A general term for surgical repair of a testis is

A

Orchidoplasty

494
Q

The surgical insertion of a prosthesis or artificial device to correct erectile dysfunction

A

Penile implant

495
Q

The surgical removal of the prostate gland is a procedure called

A

Prostatectomy

496
Q

A clinical test that measures levels of the protein, prostate-specific antigen in the blood

A

Prostate specific antigen

PSA

497
Q

A procedure that treats BPH through non-invasive removal of prostate tissue

A

Transurethral resection of the prostate gland

TURP

498
Q

The department within the hospital or clinic that treats urinary tract problems of both sexes is called

A

Urology

499
Q

A male can elect to become sterile or unable to produce and ejaculate sperm by undergoing a

A

Vasectomy

500
Q

A surgery to reverse a vasectomy is known as

A

Vasovasostomy

501
Q

A procedure to remove the seminal vesicles is called

A

Vesiculectomy

502
Q

Colp/o

A

Vagina

503
Q

Metr/o

A

Uterus

504
Q

Salping/o

A

Trumpet

505
Q

-rrhagia

A

Abnormal discharge

506
Q

-salpinx

A

Trumpet

507
Q

The absence of a menstrual discharge in a woman of childbearing age is a symptom of reproductive disease it is called

A

Amenorrhea

508
Q

Symptom of vaginal pain

A

Colpodynia

509
Q

A symptom of profuse vaginal bleeding

A

Colporrhagia

510
Q

A symptom of abnormal pain during menstruation

A

Dysmenorrhea

511
Q

Retained menstrual blood in the fallopian tube is called

A

Hematosalpinx

512
Q

Fluid accumulation is another symptom of a disease associated with the Fallopian tube called

A

Hydrosalpinx

513
Q

A white or yellow discharge from the vagina which is a sign of infection

A

Leukorrhea

514
Q

A condition of pain in the breast is called

A

Mastalgia

515
Q

The sign of profuse bleeding during menstruation is called

A

Menorrhagia

516
Q

Abnormal discharge from the uterus

A

Metrorrhagia

517
Q

Abnormal discharge from the uterus during and between menstrual periods

A

Memometrorrhagia

518
Q

The term for the symptom of abdominal pain occurring during ovulation is a German word this occurs when bleeding from ovulation irritates the paratonia him

A

Mittelschmerz

519
Q

Abnormal reduced discharge during menstruation may also be a sign of reproductive disease it is called

A

Oligomenorrhea

520
Q

The discharge of pus from a fallopian tube is called

A

Pyosalpinx

521
Q

Endo-

A

Within

522
Q

Ex-

A

Outside, away from

523
Q

Pre-

A

To come before

524
Q

Fibr/o

A

Fiber

525
Q

Lei/o

A

Smooth

526
Q

Oophor/o

A

Ovary

527
Q

Ovar/o

A

Ovary

528
Q

Vagin/o

A

Sheath, vagina

529
Q

Vesic/o

A

Bladder

530
Q

-astresia

A

Closure or absence of a normal body opening

531
Q

-s

A

Plural

532
Q

Condition of without breast

A

Amastia

533
Q

More than two elevated areas on the chest or abdomen with Ariola and a nipple

A

Polymastia

534
Q

A malignant tumor arising from breast tissue is known as

The most common form is called infiltrating ductal carcinoma abbreviated IDC

A

Breast cancer

535
Q

A form of cervical cancer arises from cells of the cervix which change in appearance before developing into a spreading malignancy it is called

A

Carcinoma in situ of the cervix

CIS

536
Q

Malignant tumor of the cervix is known as

A

Cervical cancer

537
Q

The most common form of squamous so carcinoma arising from the epithelial cells lining the opening into the uterus is called

A

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

CIN

538
Q

Inflammation of the cervix is a condition known as

A

Cervicitis

539
Q

The most common form of cervicitis occurs when the inner lining of the cervix becomes inflamed.
It’s called

A

Endocervicitis

540
Q

Protrusion of the urinary bladder against the wall of the vagina may occur if the attachments between the two organs weaken this is called

A

Cystocele

541
Q

A protrusion of the rectum against the wall of the vagina

A

Rectocele

542
Q

A malignant tumor arising from the endometrial tissue lining of the uterus is called

A

Endometrial cancer

543
Q

The abnormal growth of endometrial tissue may occur throughout areas of the pelvic cavity including the external walls of uterus, fallopian tubes, urinary bladder and even on the peritoneum

A

Endometriosis

544
Q

Inflammation of the endometrium is a condition called

A

Endometritis

545
Q

One or more benign, fibrosis cysts develops within the breast it is an inherited condition that has no known association with breast cancer

A

Fibrocystic breast disease

546
Q

An abnormal passage from one organ or cavity to another

A

Fistula

547
Q

Occurring between the vagina in the rectum is called

A

Rectovaginal fistula

548
Q

Located between the urinary bladder and the vagina this is called

A

Vesicovaginal fistula

549
Q

This means closure of the uterus

A

Hysteratresia

550
Q

The muscular wall of the uterus is the origin of benign tumors known as
literal meaning tumor of smooth muscle

A

Leiomyoma

551
Q

Inflammation of the breast is a condition known as

A

Mastitis

552
Q

A breast that is abnormally pendulous or drooping is a condition known as

A

Mastoptosis

553
Q

Any disease of an ovary is known as

A

oophoropathy

554
Q

Inflammation of an ovary

A

oophoritis

555
Q

Inflammation of an ovary and Fallopian tube is called

A

oophorosalpingitis

556
Q

Aside from breast cancer the most lethal form of reproductive cancer in women is

A

Ovarian cancer

557
Q

A cyst on an ovary that is usually benign and asymptomatic, although in some cases it may cause pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea

A

Ovarian cyst

558
Q

A hormonal disturbance characterized by lack of ovulation menorrhea and infertility is called

A

Polycystic ovary syndrome

559
Q

An inflammation involving some or all of the female organs within the pelvic cavity is called

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease

PID

560
Q

A collection of symptoms including nervous tension, irritability, breast pain edema, and headache which usually occur during the 10 days proceeding menstruation is called

A

Premenstrual syndrome

PMS

561
Q

The uterus is suspended by ligaments. If they weaken, often due to a congenital deformity or trauma, the uterus may become displaced to droop downward into the vagina.
This condition is called

A

Prolapsed uterus

562
Q

Inflammation of a Fallopian tube is called

A

Salpingitis

PID

563
Q

A protrusion or herniation of a fallopian tube wall is known as

A

Salpingocele

564
Q

A severe bacterial infection characterized by a sudden high fever skin rash mental confusion acute renal failure an abnormal liver function
Caused by a type of Staphylococcus and is most common in menstruating women who use non-cotton tampons

A

Toxic shock syndrome

TSS

565
Q

Inflammation of the vagina is known as

A

Vaginitis

566
Q

The usual symptoms of redness and swelling are accompanied by thinning of the vaginal wall and loss of moisture usually due to a depletion of estrogen

A

Atrophic vaginitis

567
Q

Inflammation of the external genitals or vulva is called

A

Vulvitis

568
Q

When the vagina is also inflamed, the condition is known as

A

Vulvovaginitis

569
Q

Gyn/o

Gynec/o

A

Woman

570
Q

A minor surgical procedure that involves a surgical extraction of tissue for microscopic analysis is called a

A

Biopsy
bx
Bx

571
Q

To remove precancerous or cancerous tissue from the cervix, the anterior part of the cervix can be removed in

A

Cervical conization

572
Q

A cone shaped section of the cervix removed if the cancers developed
the cervix may be removed in a

A

Cervicectomy

573
Q

Removal of the vagina is a surgery called or alternatively called vaginectomy

A

Colpectomy

574
Q

Surgical repair of the vagina is a procedure called

A

Colpoplasty

575
Q

A colpoplasty often includes suturing the wall of the vagina in a procedure called

A

Colporrhapy

576
Q

In endoscopic evaluation of the vagina is called

A

Colposcopy

577
Q

A common procedure that is used for both diagnostic and treatment purposes is called

A

Dilation and curettage

D&C

578
Q

If the endometrium requires more treatment then can be provided by a D&C a …may be applied
lasers,electricity, or heat may be used to destroy the endometrium

A

Endometrial ablation

579
Q

The branch of medicine focusing on women is known as

A

Gynecology

GYN

580
Q

A physician known as an obstetrician gynecologist combines these two areas of expertise abbreviated as

A

OB/GYN

581
Q

Also the study of diseases that affect women is known as

A

gynopathology

582
Q

As a common therapy for hormonal management this may be used and can be very effective in correcting disrupted menstrual and ovarian cycles

A

Hormone replacement therapy

HRT

583
Q

The surgical removal of the uterus is called

A

Hysterectomy

584
Q

The surgical procedure that may be used to correct a prolapsed uterus by strengthening its connections to the abdominal wall to correct its position is called
literal meaning surgical fixation of the uterus

A

Hysteropexy

585
Q

A non-invasive diagnostic technique that uses a modified endoscope called a hysteroscope to evaluate the uterine cavity is called

A

Hysteroscopy

586
Q

To evaluate the external appearance of the uterus and other organs of the pelvic cavity a laparoscope is inserted through a small incision through the lower abdominal wall during a

A

Laparoscopy

587
Q

An x-ray procedure that produces an x-ray image of the breast, called a mammogram, is called a

A

Mammography

588
Q

The surgical repair of one or both breasts is called a

A

Mammoplasty

589
Q

Thus a procedure involving the removal of breast tissue is

A

mastectomy

590
Q

One entire breast is removed while leaving underlying muscles and lymph nodes intact

A

Simple mastectomy

591
Q

The entire affected breast is removed along with muscles and lymph nodes of the chest

A

Radical mastectomy

592
Q

The affected breast and lymph nodes are removed but the muscles are left intact

A

Modified radical mastectomy

593
Q

Removal of the cancerous lesions only which conserves the breast

A

Lumpectomy

594
Q

Surgical removal of an ovary is performed in a

A

oophorectomy

595
Q

A common diagnostic procedure that screens for precancerous cervical dysplasia and cervical cancer is known as the

A

Papanicolaou smear - Pap smear

596
Q

The surgical removal of a Fallopian tube is performed in the procedure called a

A

Salpingectomy

597
Q

Surgical fixation of a Fallopian tube may become necessary if the ligaments that support the tube within the pelvic cavity weaken
the procedure is called

A

Salpingopexy

598
Q

The procedure to open a blocked fallopian tube water drain fluid from an inflamed tube is called

A

Salpingostomy

599
Q

A noninvasive diagnostic procedure that uses ultrasound waves to visualize the uterus within the pelvic cavity is called

A

Sonohysterography

600
Q

Ultrasound probe is inserted into the vagina to record images of the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes this is called

A

Transvaginal sonography

601
Q

The most common form of female sterilization as a contraceptive measure is called ..
during which the Fallopian tubes are severed and closed to prevent the migration of sperm upward into the tubes

A

Tubal ligation

602
Q

An instrument used during a gynecological exam

it’s a used to open the vaginal orifice wide enough to permit visual examination of the vagina and cervix

A

Vaginal speculum

603
Q

The surgical removal of the vulva is called a

A

vulvectomy

604
Q

Lact/o

A

Milk

605
Q

Pseudo/o

A

False

606
Q

Toc/o

A

Birth

607
Q

-cyesis

A

Pregnancy

608
Q

-emesis

A

Vomiting

609
Q

The abnormal discharge of in the amniotic fluid is a sign of a ruptured amniotic sac the sign is called

A

Amniorrhea

610
Q

Condition of difficult labor

A

Dystocia

611
Q

The symptom of severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy is called
the term literally means excessive vomiting when pregnant

A

Hyperemesis gravidarum

612
Q

An abnormal spontaneous discharge of milk usually between nursings of after weaning is known as

A

Lactorrhea

613
Q

An excessive production of amniotic fluid during fetal development is called

A

Polyhydramnios

614
Q

A sensation of being pregnant when a true pregnancy does not exist is called which literally means false pregnancy

A

Pseudocyesis

615
Q

The premature separation of the placenta from uterine wall is called

A

Abruptio placentae

616
Q

An abnormal childbirth in which the buttocks, feet or knees appear through the birth canal first is commonly called a

A

Breech presentation

617
Q

An abnormality present at birth

A

Congenital anomaly

618
Q

A condition that places a pregnant woman and her child at risk is a circulatory disorder called

A

Pregnancy induced hypertension

PIH

619
Q

A pregnancy occurring outside the uterus is called

A

Ectopic pregnancy

620
Q

Red blood cells are destroyed due to an incompatibility between the mother’s blood and the babies blood is called

A

erythroblastosis fetalis

621
Q

A neonatal condition caused by excessive alcohol consumption by the mother during pregnancy is known as

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

FAS

622
Q

A lung disorder of neonates particularly premature infants in which certain cells of the lungs fail to mature at birth to cause lung collapse that can result in suffocation is called

A

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

NRDS

623
Q

A condition in which the placenta is abnormally attached to the uterine wall in the lower portion of the uterus is called

A

Placenta previa

624
Q

This may be contracted by exposure to animal feces most commonly from household cats
means condition of toxic form

A

Toxoplasmosis

625
Q

A term derived from the Latin word Oporto means miscarry is abortion
it is the termination of pregnancy by expulsion of the embryo or fetus from the uterus a natural expulsion is called a

A

Miscarriage or spontaneous abortion SAB

626
Q

An abortion induced by surgery or drugs is called a

A

Therapeutic abortion

TAB

627
Q

A procedure that involves penetration of the amnion with a syringe and aspiration of a small amount of amniotic fluid for analysis is known as literal meaning surgical puncture of amnion

A

Amniocentesis

628
Q

An alternative to the nonsurgical birth of a child to the birth canal person can be accomplished by surgically removing the child through the abdomen uterus

A

cesarean section

629
Q

Literally means against conception or prevention of birth is the term for

A

Contraception

630
Q

To reduce pain during childbirth the patient may request a

A

Epidural block

631
Q

To prevent tearing of the vulva and perineum during childbirth a procedure can be done to widen the vaginal opening it is called

A

Episiotomy

632
Q

Procedure that measures the size of a fetus is called

A

Fetometry

633
Q

The field of medicine concerned with prenatal development pregnancy childbirth and the postpartum period is called

A

obstetrics

634
Q

A physician who practices in the field of of obstetrics

A

Obstetrician

635
Q

Infection by the Yestlike fungus Candida Alva Conness is often sexually transmitted to cause infection known as

A

Candidiasis

636
Q

The most common bacterial STI in North America is
symptoms include urethral a vaginal discharge and pelvic pain among woman, urethritis and proctitis in men and inflammation of the eye, conjunctiva in newborns can lead to blindness

A

Chlamydia

637
Q

This is the most common viral STI in North America it is caused by
the herpes simplex virus type 2 or HSV-2, it’s characterized by periodic outbreaks of ulcer like sores on the genital and anorectal skin and mucous membranes

A

Genital herpes

638
Q

And STI that is caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae is called
it produces ulcer like lesions on the mucous membranes and skin of the genital region and is characterized by urethral discharge

A

Gonorrhea

639
Q

Hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of the liver that has many different forms that are categorized as type A through E in this commonly called version of hepatitis the causes of virus that is primarily transmitted via blood exchange

A

Hepatitis B

640
Q

A virus that is extremely common in the human population and is transmitted during intercourse forms from the symptoms of papillomas or genital warts which are transient vesicles on the penis or within the vagina

A

Human papillomavirus

641
Q

And STI that is caused by bacterium called a spirochete is known as
it’s transmitted by sexual contact and usually first appears as red painless pustules on the skin that a erode to form small ulcers

A

Syphilis

642
Q

And STI caused by the protozoan trichomonas which is an amoeba like single celled organism is called
its spread by sexual contact and affects both men and women

A

trichomoniassis

643
Q

AIDS

A

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

644
Q

BPH

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

645
Q

Bx, bx

A

Biopsy

646
Q

CIN

A

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

647
Q

CIS

A

Carcinoma in situ

648
Q

C-section

A

Cesarean section

649
Q

D&C

A

Dilation and curettage

650
Q

DRE

A

Digital rectal exam

651
Q

ED

A

Erectile dysfunction

652
Q

FAS

A

Fetal alcohol syndrome

653
Q

FBD

A

Fibrocystic breast disease

654
Q

GYN

A

Gynecology

655
Q

HBV

A

Hepatitis B virus

656
Q

HIV

A

Human immunodeficiency virus

657
Q

HPV

A

Human papillomavirus

658
Q

HRT

A

Hormone replacement therapy

659
Q

HSV-2

A

Herpes simplex virus type 2

660
Q

IDC

A

Infiltrating ductal carcinoma

661
Q

NRDS

A

Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

662
Q

OB

A

obstetrics

663
Q

OB/GYN

A

Obstetrics/gynecology

664
Q

Papanicolaou smear test

A

Pap smear

665
Q

PID

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease

666
Q

PIH

A

Pregnancy induced hypertension

667
Q

PMS

A

Premenstrual syndrome

668
Q

PSA

A

Prostate specific antigen

669
Q

SAB

A

Spontaneous abortion

670
Q

STI

A

Sexually transmitted infection

671
Q

TAB

A

Therapeutic abortion

672
Q

TSS

A

Toxic shock syndrome

673
Q

TURP

A

Transurethral resection of the prostate

674
Q

TVS

A

Transvaginal sonography

Chapters 10-12 (1 decks)

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