1. Welsh Alphabet Flashcards
a
short: “a” as in “ham”, e.g., “mam”
long: “a” as in “hard”, e.g., “tad”
b
as in “boy”, e.g., “bara”
c
as in “cat” (never the “s” sound as in “cent”), e.g., “cant”
ch
a non-English sound as in Scottish “ch” in “loch”, e.g., “bach”
d
as in “dog”, e.g., “dros”
dd
“th” (voiced) as in “the” (never the voiceless “th” sound as in “thin, e.g., “bedd”
e
short: “e” as in “then”, e.g., “pen”
long: similar to “e” in “then spoken in a southern drawl, e.g., “hen”
f
as in “of”, e.g., “afal”
ff
as in “off”, e.g., “ffÙl”
g
as in “god”, e.g., “glan”
ng
as in “long”, e.g., “ing”
h
as in “hat”, e.g., “hen”
i
short: “i” as in “sit”, e.g., “inc”
long: “ee” as in “seen”, e.g., “hir”
j
as in “jam”, e.g., “jar”
l (lower case L)
as in “lamp”, e.g., “lol”
ll (lower case L’s)
an aspirated ‘l’ which does not occur in English, sounded by placing the tongue so as to say ‘l’ and hissing out of one side of the mouth, e.g., “llan”
m
as in “man”, e.g., “mab”
n
as in “name”, e.g., “nos”
o
short: “o” as in “gone”, e.g., “llon”
long: as in “more”, e.g., “to”
p
as in “pet”, e.g., “pen”
ph
an aspirated ‘p’ occurring only as a mutated form, sounded as in “graph”, e.g., “tri phen”
r
as in “rat”, e.g., “caru”
rh
an aspirated ‘r’ which does not occur in English; the difference between ‘rh’ and ‘r’ is similar to that betwen ‘wh’ and ‘w’ in “when” and “went”, e.g., “rhan”
s
as in “sit”, e.g., “sant”
t
as in “top”, e.g., “tan”
th
as in “thin”, e.g., “cath”
u
short: as in “sit”, e.g., “sut”
long: as in “seen”, e.g., “un”
w
as in “wind”, e.g., “wedi”
short: as in “look”, e.g., “cwm”
long: as in “fool”, e.g., “mwg”
y
short: as in “sit”, e.g., “cyn” (clear sound)
short: as in “gun”, e.g., “yn” (obscure sound)
long: as in “seen”, e.g., “dyn” (clear sound)
