1 - Water and pH

Question 1

Causes of high anion gap metabolic acidosis

Answer 1

MUDPILES

Methanol
Uremia
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Paraldehyde and Propylene Glycol
Isoniazid
Lactic acidosis (Sepsis, Shock)
Ethylene Glycol
Salicylates

Question 2

Negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration

Answer 2

pH

Question 3

Any substance that resists a change in pH when protons are produced or consumed

Answer 3

Buffer

Question 4

Chemical compound that has a total net charge of zero

Answer 4

Zwitterion

Question 5

pH at which the zwitterion is the predominant form of a chemical compound

Answer 5

Isoelectric pH

Question 6

used to calculate the concentration of a weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A-)

Answer 6

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

Question 7

If actual pH < pKa substance is

Answer 7

Protonated

Base is charged
Acid is uncharged

Question 8

If actual pH > pKa substance is

Answer 8

Deprotonated

Question 9

Electrons that can form hydrogen bonds

Answer 9

SON

Sulfur
Oxygen
Nitrogen

Question 10

Water molecules have a slight tendency to dissociate and form:

Answer 10

Hydronium (H30) and Hydroxide ions (OH)

Question 11

Most important EXTRAcellular buffer

Answer 11

Bicarbonate

Question 12

Most important INTRAcellular buffer

Answer 12

Proteins

Question 13

This means that water can act both as an acid and a base in a solution

Answer 13

Amphoteric

Question 14

Bond between a water molecule and another polar compound

Answer 14

Hydrogen Bond

Question 15

Accepts H+ ions

Answer 15

Base

Question 16

Donates protons

Answer 16

Acid

Question 17

pKa below 7

Answer 17

Acid

Question 18

pKa above 7

Answer 18

Base

Question 19

used to calculate the concentration of a weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A-)

Answer 19

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

Question 20

If actual pH < pKa substance is

Answer 20

Protonated

Base is charged
Acid is uncharged

Question 21

If actual pH > pKa substance is

Answer 21

Deprotonated

Question 22

Electrons that can form hydrogen bonds

Answer 22

SON

Sulfur
Oxygen
Nitrogen

Question 23

Water molecules have a slight tendency to dissociate and form:

Answer 23

Hydronium (H30) and Hydroxide ions (OH)

Question 24

Most important EXTRAcellular buffer

Answer 24

Bicarbonate

Question 25

Most important INTRAcellular buffer

Answer 25

Proteins

Question 26

This means that water can act both as an acid and a base in a solution

Answer 26

Amphoteric

Question 27

Bond between a water molecule and another polar compound

Answer 27

Hydrogen Bond

Question 28

Accepts H+ ions

Answer 28

Base

Question 29

Donates protons

Answer 29

Acid

Question 30

pKa below 7

Answer 30

Acid

Question 31

pKa above 7

Answer 31

Base

Question 32

used to calculate the concentration of a weak acid (HA) and its conjugate base (A-)

Answer 32

Henderson-Hasselbalch equation

Question 33

If actual pH < pKa substance is

Answer 33

Protonated

Base is charged
Acid is uncharged

Question 34

If actual pH > pKa substance is

Answer 34

Deprotonated

Question 35

Electrons that can form hydrogen bonds

Answer 35

SON

Sulfur
Oxygen
Nitrogen

Question 36

Water molecules have a slight tendency to dissociate and form:

Answer 36

Hydronium (H30) and Hydroxide ions (OH)

Question 37

Most important EXTRAcellular buffer

Answer 37

Bicarbonate

Question 38

Most important INTRAcellular buffer

Answer 38

Proteins

Question 39

This means that water can act both as an acid and a base in a solution

Answer 39

Amphoteric

Question 40

Bond between a water molecule and another polar compound

Answer 40

Hydrogen Bond

Question 41

Accepts H+ ions

Answer 41

Base

Question 42

Donates protons

Answer 42

Acid

Question 43

pKa below 7

Answer 43

Acid

Question 44

pKa above 7

Answer 44

Base