1 - Topography of the Nervous System Flashcards
What are the different components of the CNS and the PNS?
- CNS cannot regenerate but PNS can
- PNS has cauda equina
- Cauda equina made up of dorsal and ventral roots
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What is white and grey matter?
Grey: cell bodies and dendrities. Highly vascularised as metabolically active. In brain there is extra layer of grey matter on outside
White: made of axons and connects grey areas together. Fatty myelin makes it white
In the PNS grey matter is ganglion and white matter is peripheral nerve.
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Define the following 3 terms relating to divisions of white matter in the spinal cord:
- Funiculus
- Tracts
- Fasiculus
Funiculus: a segment of white matter which contains axons going up and down the spinal cord
Tracts: connection between two areas of grey matter where the axons are only running in one direction
Fasiculus: subdivision of a tract which supplies a distinct region of the body
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How is grey matter in the spinal cord split up?
- Into cell columns called Rexed’s laminae
- Motor neurones supplying a given muscle arise from multiple segments and form a nucleus
Remember that for brain, grey matter is outside
For spinal cord, grey matter is inside
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What is the definition of a fibre in the CNS and what are the three different types of fibre?
- Fibre: axon in association with its supporting cell e.g oligodendrocyte
- Association fibres connect the same hemisphere, commisural connect right and left hemisphere and projection connect cerebral hemispheres with cord/brainstem
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/432/333/632/a_image_thumb.png?1578985688)
What is a nucleus?
A collection of nerve cell bodies
What is the difference between dorsal and ventral roots?
- Dorsal: sensory
- Ventral: motor
What are the colliculi?
Reflex centre in the midbrain for rapid responses to sound and vision, e.g orientate head towards explosion
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/432/333/639/a_image_thumb.png?1578985962)
What are the functions of the brain stem?
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What are the main sulci in the brain and their significance? e.g central
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What is the function of the following and where on the inferior aspect of the brain are they located?
- Optic Chiasm
- Uncus
- Medullary Pyramids
- Parahippocampal Gyrus
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What is the function of the following:
- Corpus Callosum
- Thalamus
- Cingulate Gyrus
- Hypothalamus
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What is the function of the following:
- Fornix
- Tectum (not needed)
- Cerebellar Tonsil
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Where is CSF made, stored and reabsorbed?
- Made in the choroid plexus found in ventricles
- Has metabolic, immune and mechanical protection functions
- Circulates in ventricles and subarachnoid space then reabsorbed at arachnoid granulations
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Draw and explain the ventricular system of the brain.
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/432/333/672/a_image_thumb.png?1578988056)