#1- Thou Shalt Not Forget

Question 1

When reading measurements from a graduated instrument…

Answer 1

You must estimate by reading in between the graduated markings. This can give one more sig fig in your measurement

Question 2

When ranking measuring devices from least to most precise

Answer 2

5. Beaker(not for volume)
6. Graduated cylinder
7. Volumetric flasks (only one line)
8. Serological pipette
9. Burette

Question 3

Density=Mass/Volume
When is it used?

Answer 3

Used in stoich to convert between mass and volume

Question 4

The percent composition by mass for a pure compound…

Answer 4

Does not change. % must add up to 100

Question 5

Percent yield=…

Answer 5

Experimental mass(Physical) /Theoretical mass(Calculated)

Question 6

Percent error=…

Answer 6

|Experimental-Theoretical|/Theoretical

Question 7

Mass spectrometry graphs depict…

Answer 7

The atomic masses and relative abundancies of isotopes

Question 8

Isotopes of an element have the same number of ____, but have different numbers of ____, and therefore have a different _____ ______

Answer 8

Same PROTONS, different NEUTRONS, different MASS NUMBER

Question 9

Empirical formula is…
Remembering Rhyme?

Answer 9

The simplest whole number ratio of moles(atoms) in the compound

Rhyme: Percent to mass, mass to mole(divide % by molar mass), divide by small, times until whole

Question 10

Aufbau valence electron order:

Answer 10

(1s^2),(2s^2),(2p^6),(3s^2),(3p^6),(4p^2),(3d^10),(4p^6),(5s^2)

Question 11

Electron configuration for cations(+ charge):

Answer 11

Remove the electrons from the outermost shells first. First p, than s, than d

Question 12

When reading a PES graph, the higher the peak the ______ electrons there are in that sublevel

Answer 12

The MORE electrons there are in that sublevel

Question 13

When reading a PES graph, a _____ binding energy means that the electrons are ______ to the nucleus

Answer 13

A LARGER binding energy, electrons are CLOSER to the nucleus

Question 14

Molecular formula for a compound is… (in relation to empirical)

Answer 14

… a whole number multiple of the empirical formula ratio

Question 15

Coulomb’s Law:

Answer 15

The attractive force between an atom’s protons and electrons is directly proportional to the number of protons (effective charge = Zeff) and indirectly proportional to the square of the distance between the nucleus and the electrons

Question 16

When an electron is in a higher energy level, it is ____ away from the nucleus, therefore has ____ coulombic attraction to the nucleus and is therefore easier to remove (lower 1st ionization energy)

Answer 16

It is FARTHER away, has LESS coulombic attraction

Question 17

Moving across a row on the periodic table, the Zeff _______, therefore the valence electrons are more attracted to the nucleus, therefore the atomic radius _______ and the ionization energy ________

Answer 17

the Zeff INCREASES, therefore the atomic radius DECREASES and the ionization energy INCREASES

Question 18

Elements in the same group have _____ chemical and physical properties

Answer 18

SIMILAR chemical and physical properties

Question 19

On the periodic table metals are on the ____ side of the zig-zag line and the nonmetals are on the ___ side of this line

Answer 19

Metals = Left
Nonmetals = right

Question 20

Cations (+) are _______ than their atoms since you are ______ valence electrons that are farther from the nucleus

Answer 20

SMALLER than their atoms, REMOVING valence electrons

Question 21

Anions (-) are ____ than their atoms since ______ eletrons increases electron-electron repulsions without increasing nuclear charge

Answer 21

LARGER than their atoms since ADDING electrons increases…