1 The Particulate Nature of Matter

Question 1

Solids

Answer 1

• strong forces of attraction
• particles fixed and regular patterns
• atoms can only vibrate
• fixed volume and shape

Question 2

Liquids

Answer 2

• weaker attractive forces
• particles are closer together, unregular and unfixed
• particles can move and slide past each other
• fixed volume but no fixed shape

Question 3

Gases

Answer 3

• no forces
• particles move randomly
• collide with each other
• no fixed volume or shape

Question 4

Melting

Answer 4

• solid changes into liquid
• requires heat energy which transforms into kinetic energy
• occurs at melting point

Question 5

Boiling

Answer 5

• liquid changes into gas
• requires heat
• occurs at boiling point

Question 6

Freezing

Answer 6

• liquid changes into solid
• reverse of melting
• occurs at same temperature as melting
• quotes decrease in temperature

Question 7

Evaporation

Answer 7

• liquid changes into gas
• occurs at surface of liquids
• larger surface area = faster evaporation
• no heat is required

Question 8

Sublimitation

Answer 8

• solid changes directly into gas

- occurs at specific temperature

Question 9

Brownian Motion

Answer 9

• random movement of particles in a liquid or gas

Question 10

Diffusion

Answer 10

• different gases or different liquids mix due to random motion of particles
• move from high concentration area to low concentration area