1. The Development Of Imperialism c1857-c1890 - Relations With Indigenous Flashcards
Who were the Boers?
They were descendants of the 17th Century Dutch settlers. They had moved away from the administrative centres, were fiercely independent and didn’t accept any outside rule
What did the British authorities do towards the boers?
They began to follow the Boers and hostilities developed such as the development of new laws - in 1823, English was to be adopted as their official language & the emancipation of British slaves in 1833
What effect did the laws enforced by the British have on the Boers?
They struck the Boers deeply as it threatened their economic stability as their farms depended on free labour. They were unhappy with British rule which lead to a large number of Boers to move away from the cape colony
What was the Great Trek?
In 1852, the British allowed the Boers self government - the republic of Transvaal was born and orange free state. Relations remained relatively peaceful
When and why did British - boer relations change
In the middle of the 19th century, the British had recognised the Boers states although they still claimed some control over their affairs. However in the late 19th century, circumstances changed and the British came into conflict with both the Boers and indigenous people of Southern Africa
Who are the Bantu people?
Bantu peoples is used a general label for the 300-600 ethnic groups in Africa who speak Bantu languages. They inhibit an area stretching east and southward from central Africa across the African Great Lakes
What happened in 1867 for relations between Britain and the Boers?
Europeans discovered diamonds in West Griqualand, bordering the Orange free state. The discovery triggered a ‘diamond rush’ which attracted white settlers and indigenous Bantu people
What happened in 1868 and 1871 for relations between Britain and the Bantu?
In 1868 The British annexed Basutoland, claiming the indigenous Africans were seeking protection from the Boers. And in 1871, the British also took west Griqualand
What happened in 1873 for relations between Britain and the Bantu?
2000 Griqua people wanted to live outside the boundaries of colonial society to escape racial prejudice and so trekked eastwards to establish Griqualand east
What happened to Griqualand east
It was annexed by the british
What happened in 1875 for relations between Britain and the Boers?
The British went on to propose a federation of the British and boer territories, but the Boers gave a firm rejection. As a result the area suffered from instability
What happened in 1877-8 for relations between Britain and the Bantu?
In the Xhosa War, the British easily disarmed neighbouring communities and annexed them to the cape
What happened in 1877-79 for relations between Britain and the Boers?
The Boers were unsuccessful in their conflict with the pedi peoples as they maintained independence in eastern Transvaal. In response, the British announced the annexation of the Transvaal, claiming they needed to protect white European settlers against the zulus. The Boers reluctantly accepted British aid and Britain intern launched and invasion of zululand in jan 1879
What happened in 1879 for relations between Britain and the Bantu?
The Zulu army defeated the British at Isandlwana. However reinforcments were sent and the British army defeated the zulus at their capital, Ulundi
What happened in 1880 for relations between Britain and the Boers?
After the zulus were defeated, the Boers declared independence from Britain
