1 The Basis of Life: Cells

Question 1

What is the basic unit of life?

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are the two main types of cells?

Answer 3

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic

Question 4

Fill in the blank: Bacteria are classified as __________ organisms.

Answer 4

Prokaryotic

Question 5

What is the primary genetic material in viruses?

Answer 5

RNA or DNA

Question 6

True or False: Viruses can reproduce independently.

Answer 6

False

Question 7

What structure do bacteria use for movement?

Answer 7

Flagella

Question 8

What is the primary function of the cell membrane?

Answer 8

To regulate what enters and exits the cell

Question 9

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of living organisms? A) Growth B) Reproduction C) Inability to respond to stimuli D) Metabolism

Answer 9

C) Inability to respond to stimuli

Question 10

What organelle is responsible for energy production in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 10

Mitochondria

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The process by which bacteria exchange genetic material is called __________.

Answer 11

Conjugation

Question 12

What type of virus specifically attacks bacteria?

Answer 12

Bacteriophage

Question 13

True or False: Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?

Answer 14

Protein synthesis

Question 15

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of viruses? A) They can reproduce independently B) They are made of cells C) They require a host to replicate D) They have a cell wall

Answer 15

C) They require a host to replicate

Question 16

What is homeostasis?

Answer 16

The maintenance of a stable internal environment in an organism

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The outer protective layer of a bacterial cell is known as the __________.

Answer 17

Cell wall

Question 18

What is the primary component of the bacterial cell wall?

Answer 18

Peptidoglycan

Question 19

True or False: All viruses have a lipid envelope.

Answer 19

False

Question 20

What is a pathogen?

Answer 20

An organism that causes disease

Question 21

Multiple Choice: Which structure is found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells? A) Cell membrane B) Nucleus C) Ribosomes D) DNA

Answer 21

B) Nucleus

Question 22

What is the purpose of the lysosome?

Answer 22

To break down waste materials and cellular debris

Question 23

Fill in the blank: The process of converting light energy into chemical energy in plants is called __________.

Answer 23

Photosynthesis

Question 24

What is the main difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?

Answer 24

The thickness of the peptidoglycan layer in their cell walls

Question 25

True or False: Viruses are considered living organisms.

Answer 25

False

Question 26

What is binary fission?

Answer 26

A method of asexual reproduction in bacteria

Question 27

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the control center of the cell.

Answer 27

Nucleus

Question 28

What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 28

To synthesize proteins and lipids

Question 29

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of living organisms? A) Growth B) Metabolism C) Photosynthesis D) Response to stimuli

Answer 29

C) Photosynthesis

Question 30

What is the function of the cell wall in plants?

Answer 30

To provide structure and support

Question 31

Fill in the blank: The __________ theory states that all living things are composed of cells.

Answer 31

Cell

Question 32

True or False: All bacteria are harmful.

Answer 32

False

Question 33

What is a virus's outer layer made of?

Answer 33

Protein coat (capsid)

Question 34

What are the two main classifications of bacteria based on their shape?

Answer 34

Cocci (spherical) and bacilli (rod-shaped)

Question 35

Fill in the blank: The __________ is responsible for packaging and distributing proteins in the cell.

Answer 35

Golgi apparatus

Question 36

What is an antibiotic?

Answer 36

A substance that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria

Question 37

True or False: Bacteria can be beneficial to humans.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

What type of cell division occurs in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 38

Mitosis and meiosis

Question 39

What is the primary role of chloroplasts?

Answer 39

Photosynthesis

Question 40

Fill in the blank: __________ are the building blocks of proteins.

Answer 40

Amino acids

Question 41

What is the term for the process by which viruses enter host cells?

Answer 41

Viral entry