#1 Test Flashcards
Introduction
Situation established
Complicating incident
Start of the main conflict
Suspense
Uncertainty; important information with held (after complicating incident)
Flashback
- sudden switch in the story from the present to the past
- used to illustrate an important point or to aid in revealing more about characters (after suspense)
Crisis
-a moment of intense conflict (after the flashback)
Dilemma
2 undesirable choices (after crisis)
Foreshadowing
Hints or warnings of important events to come, especially the climax (after dilemma)
Climax
Turning point in conflict;
- point of highest emotional tension (after foreshadow)
Denouncement/ falling action
- we see IF the conflict has been resolved and how;
- events that were hidden, missed, or thought unimportant are something made clear here (after climax)
Conclusion
How the story ends (after falling action)
Basic plot line elements
1) introduction
2) complicating incident
3) raising action
4) climax
5) falling action
6) conclusion
Tone
Authors attitude towards his readers and his subjects
-tone is different from mood describes how the author feels towards his characters
First person
Told as if experiencing it first hand
- uses I, We, Us etc.
Third person omniscient
Has an all knowing, can enter the minds of all the characters
Second person
-you
Third person limited omniscient
Narrator is limited to the thoughts and feeling of only one major or minor character
Objective
The narrator has no special knowledge inside the characters minds or thoughts
Setting
- time
- place
- mood (atmosphere)
Characterization
- revealed through dialogue, action and description
- know them by what they say, think and do
Three principles of characterization
1) must have consistent behaviour
2) must be clearly motivated
3) must be plausible (realistic)
Simile
- comparison using like or as
Metaphor
A direct comparison between two things without using like or as
Hyperbole
A exaggerated comparison
Irony
A contrast between two elements
-intended meanings or outcome is different than expected
Verbal irony
Difference between what is said and the actual meaning (sarcasm)
-hyperbole, understatement, sarcasm
Dramatic irony
Says or believe something the what the reader knows
- character unaware of irony
- reader aware
Situational irony
When what takes place contrasts in what is expected, no parties expect the outcome
Theme
- central idea
- underlying purpose
- full sentence
- not to specific
Moral
Stated or implied lesson in the story
Types of conflict
Internal
- man vs. Self
External
- man vs. Man
- man vs. Environment
Protagonist
Central/ main character
Antagonist
Major character or force who opposed the protagonist
Character foil
A character whose behaviour, attitudes and/or opinions contrast the protagonist or another main character
Flat character
A limited, minor character with only one quality
Round character
Many character traits are shown
Dynamic character
Undergoes significant change
Static character
A character who doesn’t change
Stock/ stereotype
A flat character who appears so often his traits are known and predictable (wicked step mother)
Satire
Literary work that ridicules the subject in exaggeration, reversal, incongruity, parody
Exaggeration
Enlarge, increase or represent something beyond reasonable bounds
Incongruity
To have things out of place or are absurd in the surrounding
Reversal
To present something the opposite of normal order
Parody
To imitate techniques and/ or style of a person, place or thing
5 types of myths
1) creation
2) nature
3) ritual
4) catastrophic
5) etiological myths (origin myths)
Symbol
-any object, image, character, action beyond literal meaning
