1 - Terms

Question 1

Ethos (Greek) and Mores (Latin) are terms having to do with “custom,” ”habit,” and “behavior

Answer 1

Ethics and Morality

Question 2

study of morality

Answer 2

Ethics

Question 3

a system of rules for guiding human conduct, and principles for evaluating those rules

Answer 3

Morality

Question 4

moral rules can be understood as____ which is very similar to _______

Answer 4

“rules of conduct”

“policies”

Question 5

for guiding our conduct as individuals (at the MICRO-level)

Answer 5

Directives

Question 6

for guiding our conduct as individuals (at the MACRO-level)

Answer 6

Social Policies

Question 7

are rules (of conduct) that guide our actions and thus direct us to behave in certain ways

Answer 7

Directives

Question 8

The rules of conduct in a moral system are evaluated against standards called____

Answer 8

Principles

Question 9

refer to the series of rules provided to an individual by an external source

Answer 9

Ethics

Question 10

refer to an individual’s own principles regarding right and wrong

Answer 10

Morals

Question 11

Evaluative standards used

to justify rules of conduct

Answer 11

Principles of Evaluation

Question 12

The term ____ comes from the Latin valere, which translates roughly into having worth or being of worth

Answer 12

Value

Question 13

are ultimately derived from a society’s system of values

Answer 13

Moral Principles

Question 14

Any value that serves some further end or good is called ____ because it is tied to some external standard

Answer 14

Instrumental Value

Question 15

Values such as life and happiness are ___ because they are valued for their own sake

Answer 15

Intrinsic Value

Question 16

Once we bring in the notion of ____ we begin to take the “moral point of view”

Answer 16

Impartiality

Question 17

study morality from the perspective of philosophical methodology

Answer 17

Ethicists

Question 18

they appeal to logical arguments to justify their positions

Answer 18

Ethicists

Question 19

often claim to have all of the answers regarding morality

Answer 19

Moralists

Question 20

also exhibit characteristics that have been described as “preachy” and “judgmental”

Answer 20

Moralists

Question 21

Ethicists approach the study of moral issues and controversies by way of standards that are both ___ and _____

Answer 21

rational (based on logic)

impartial (open to others to verify)

Question 22

It is a complex situation that often involves an apparent mental conflict between moral imperatives, in which to obey one would result in transgressing another

Answer 22

Ethical Dilemma

Question 23

Ethical dilemma is also known as ____

Answer 23

Moral Dilemma

Question 24

The largest branch of ethics, it deals with how individuals can figure out the correct moral action that they should take

Answer 24

Normative Ethics

Question 25

This branch of ethics seeks to understand the nature of ethical properties and judgments such as if truth values can be found and the theory behind moral principals

Answer 25

Meta-Ethics

Question 26

Branch of ethics and is the study of applying theories from philosophers regarding ethics in everyday life

Answer 26

Applied Ethics

Question 27

This branch of ethics questions how individuals develop their morality, why certain aspects of morality differ between cultures and why certain aspects of morality are generally universal

Answer 27

Moral Ethics

Question 28

This branch of ethics is more scientific in its approach and focuses on how juman beings actually operate in the real world, rather than attempt to theorize about how they should operate

Answer 28

Descriptive Ethics

Question 29

____ is any association of persons made to achieve common objectives

Usually it is a firm or a company created to undertake commercial business with the objective of making money

Answer 29

Enterprise

Question 30

An attitude applied to people, organizational resources and environment

Answer 30

Respect

Question 31

A promise made without the intention of fulfilling it

Answer 31

False Promises

Question 32

The process of charging money or other advantages while performing an act for which a person is entrusted

Answer 32

Bribery

Question 33

The willful misappropriation of a thing that was given in confidence

Answer 33

Breach of Trust

Question 34

is defined as the output that a person produces towards his or her job

Answer 34

Productivity

Question 35

When a person violates the rights of the others, the behavior is called ___

Answer 35

Aggressive Behavior

Question 36

While on job you need to interact with different people. Most of your and other people’s rights are regarding this interaction

Answer 36

Interpersonal Behavior

Question 37

This behavior means that you also violate the rights of the person violating yours

Answer 37

Return Aggression Behavior

Question 38

This behavior means that you will not do anything but keep on cursing yourself from within

Answer 38

Non Assertive Behavior

Question 39

This behavior means that you will be as specific and clear as possible about what you want, think, and feel

Answer 39

Assertive Behavior

Question 40

A written set of guidelines issued by an organization to its workers and management to help them conduct their actions in accordance with its primary values and ethical standards

Answer 40

Code of Ethics

Question 41

Employees must accurately represent their qualifications, educational backgrounds, experience and professional credentials

Answer 41

Competence

Question 42

A term used to describe the situation in which a public official or fiduciary (trustee) who, contrary to the obligation and absolute duty to act for the benefit of the public or a designated individual, exploits the relationship for personal benefit

Answer 42

Conflict of Interest

Question 43

The study of moral issues and decisions confronting individuals and organizations involved in engineering

Answer 43

engineering ethics

Question 44

The study of related questions about moral conduct, character, ideals and relationships of peoples and organizations involved in technological development

Answer 44

engineering ethics

Question 45

Rules and standards (written & unwritten) governing the conduct of engineers in their role as professionals

Answer 45

engineering ethics

Question 46

It encompasses the more general concept of ethics but applies it more specifically to situations involving engineers in their professional life

Answer 46

Professional Ethics

Question 47

“The unexamined life is not worth living.”

Answer 47

Socrates, c.470-399 B.C.

Question 48

“The happy life is thought to be virtuous; now a virtuous life requires exertion, and does not consist in amusement.”

Answer 48

Aristotle, 384-322 B.C.

Question 49

A type of virtue; to think about a moral problem clearly and completely

Answer 49

Prudence (mind)

Question 50

A type of virtue; control attraction to positive emotions

Answer 50

Temperance (emotions)

Question 51

A type of virtue; control aversion for negative emotions

Answer 51

Fortitude (emotions)

Question 52

A type of virtue; choose according to truth and fairness

Answer 52

Justice (will)

Question 53

the branch of ethics dealing with duty, moral obligation, and moral commitment

Answer 53

Deontology

Question 54

It judges the morality of an action based on adherence to a rule or set of rules

Answer 54

Deontology

Question 55

emphasizes the role of one’s character and the virtues that one’s character embodies for determining or evaluating ethical behavior

Answer 55

Virtue Ethics

Question 56

the theory that human actions derive their moral

worth solely from their outcomes or consequences

Answer 56

Consequentialism

Question 57

the theory that ethical decisions should be made on the basis of the expected outcome or consequences of the action

Answer 57

Consequentialism