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IB Chemistry HL > 1. Stoichiometric Relationships > Flashcards

1. Stoichiometric Relationships Flashcards

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1
Q

Proximity of particles

Solids, liquids, gases

A

Close together
Slightly further apart
Far apart

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2
Q

Energy of particles

Solids, liquids, gases

A

Lower energy
Larger energy
Most energy

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3
Q

Movement of particles

Solids, liquids, gases

A

Vibrate and rotate in fixed positions
Move about quite freely while in close proximity
Rapid, random movement

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4
Q

Forces of attraction between particles

Solids, liquids, gases

A

Strong
Moderate
Small

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5
Q

Volume of one mole of gas at STP

A

22.7 mol dm-3

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6
Q

Volume of one mole of gas at SATP

A

24.8 mol dm-3

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7
Q

What is the law of conservation of mass?

A

During any chemical change, the total mass of the products remains equal to the total mass of the reactants

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8
Q

What is the law of constant composition?

A

A chemical compound always contains the same elements in the same proportion by mass

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9
Q

How is ppm calculated?

A

mg/dm^3

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10
Q

Why is a primary standard chosen?

A

Because it has high purity and stability, allowing the substance to be accurately weighed, such that an accurately known concentration can be used reliably for the calibration of other standards

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11
Q

What is a standard solution?

A

A solution with a known concentration

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12
Q

Assumptions of ideal gases [3]

A

Negligible volume
Negligible attractive forces
Elastic collisions, no loss of KE

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13
Q

When does a real gas behave like an ideal gas?

A

High temperatures, low pressures

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14
Q

What remains the same in the Maxwell-Boltzmann speed distribution? [2]

A

Distribution of speeds

Average KE of gas particles

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15
Q

What changes in the Maxwell-Boltzmann speed distribution?

A

Individual molecular speeds

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16
Q

Assumptions of Kinetic-Molecular Theory [5]

A
  1. Negligible volume
  2. Negligible FOA
  3. Continual & random motion
  4. Perfectly elastic collisions
  5. KE directly proportional to T
17
Q

What does the area under the curve for the Maxwell-Boltzmann Speed Distribution represent?

A

Total no. of molecules with full range of possible speeds

18
Q

What happens to the curve as temperature increases?

A

Area under curve remains constant
Curve shifts to the right cos of higher average energy
Flatter distribution since more are moving at higher speeds

19
Q

If everything remains constant but the type of gas, what will affect the speed of the molecules?

A

The mass of the molecules or atoms.

Lighter gases will move, on average, faster than heavier gases

IB Chemistry HL (7 decks)

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