1. States of matter

Question 1

structures of solids, liquids
and gases in terms of particle separation, arrangement and motion.

Answer 1

regular structure, only vibrate about fixed position

can move around, touching, collide less often

move freely, collide, do not touch

Question 2

Explain, in terms of kinetic particle theory, the effects of temperature and pressure on the volume of a gas

Answer 2

particles have more energy and move faster, strike inner surface more so pressure increases.

increase in pressure causes molecules to move closer together so molecules collide more frequently so temp rises

volume decreased- intermolecular bond form so temperature inc, mol move faster so pressure increases

Question 3

heating and cooling curve. time against temperature

Answer 3

flat line- process takes place so temperature remains constant as heat energy is obtained to overcome forces of attraction between particles/ molecules so relative movement take place.

gradient changing- the process is done so temperature increases/decreases.

cooling curve- liquid to solid- negative gradient till melting point and then flat line.

heating- increase- flat melting- increase- flat boiling

Question 4

diffusion definition and comparison

Answer 4

high concentration to low concentration as a result of random movement.

lower relative
molecular mass so move faster and diffuse quickly