1. Russian sitch 1894

Question 1

Political problems in Russia

Answer 1

Opposition to autocracy -(harsh and repressive measures)
Demanded reform
Secret Police - Okhrana

Question 2

What measures did the Tsar put in place to control the people?

Answer 2

Centralised control of the police
Replacement of elected JPs with land captains
Rise of censorship
Tighter control of zemstva + reduction of peasant representation

Question 3

Economic problems

Answer 3

Lack of productivity compared to other nations (1894 industrialisation 8% economic growth)
Lack of free enterprise
Reliance on foreign investment
Rising exports
Backwards agriculture
Harsh winters = bad farming

Question 4

How did rising exports cause problems?

Answer 4

Sold more grains abroad leading to a famine in 1891.

Question 5

Social problems

Answer 5

Peasants = poor living stand
1891 famine led to 350k deaths
Poor housing / sanitation / lack of water supply - due to industrialisation
80% peasant population

Question 6

What year were political parties made legal?

Answer 6

1905

Question 11

Nature of the Tsar

Answer 11

Weak willed, poorly educated, lacked confidence - not fit to lead the country.
Based governing off of God
Weaknesses led to the end of the Romanov dynasty

Question 12

What was the issue with Russia’s size?

Answer 12

Very large - 8million m^2
Poor communication
Hard to trade
Poor distribution of food

Question 13

Which 2 groups argued over Russia’s character as a nation?

Answer 13

Westerners
Slavophiles

Question 14

Westerners

Answer 14

Russians who believed they had to take inspiration from the West to improve.

Question 15

Slavophiles

Answer 15

Russians who urged that nation should preserve itself as ‘holy Russia’ and glorifying the Slavonic culture and traditions