1 Review Questions

Question 1

What does the skeleton consist of?

Answer 1

The skeleton is broken down into the axial skeleton, the appendicular skeleton, and the joint to the body.

Question 2

The axial skeleton is made up of the;

Answer 2

Skull or cranium, the vertebral column (c1 to coccyx), the ribs, and the sternum.

Question 3

The vertebral column is made up of five groups.

Answer 3

The cervical spine has 7 vertebrae, the thoracic spine has 12 vertebrae, the lumbar spine has 5 vertebrae, the sacral spine has 4 fused vertebrae, in the coccygeal group has 3 to 5 vertebrae

Question 4

The appendicular skeleton includes the

Answer 4

Shoulder girdle, the pelvic, and the bones of the extremities of the body

Question 5

Joints can be discussed in two different groups.

Answer 5

The first group involves the amount of movement the joint allows. The second group discusses the axis of movement for the joint.

Question 6

Types of joints and movement allowed (1st group)

Answer 6

Fibrous joints allow 0 movement (sutures of skull)
Cartilaginous joints allow limited movement (intervertebral disks)
Synovial joints allow considerable movement (elbows and knees)

Question 7

Axis of movement (2nd group)

Answer 7

Uni-axial  = 1 axis, hinges, elbow 
Biaxial = 2 perpendicular, ankle or wrist
Multi-axial = all 3 axes of space, shoulder or hip

Question 8

What are the three fibrous connective tissues that cover the 430 or so muscles of the body?

Answer 8

Epimysium, Perimysium, Endomysium

Question 9

Epimysium

Answer 9

Is the outer most layer of connective tissue. This layer is contiguous with the tendons in the body in the muscle as a whole.

Question 10

Perimysium

Answer 10

The second layer of connective tissue. Covers the bundles of muscle fibers.

Question 11

Endomysium

Answer 11

The third in the smallest fibrous connective tissue. This is the inside of the peeymsium, and it is used to cover the muscle fibers individually.

Question 12

What is myosin and actin?

Answer 12

Two types of myofilaments. These filaments are contained in the myofibrils and are used for the contraction of muscle cells.

Question 13

What is myosin?

Answer 13

Myosin filaments have a hinge point, a fibrous tail, and a globular head. This head is used for the interaction it has with actin.

Question 14

What is actin?

Answer 14

Actin strands have 2 strands in a double helix shape. These two together and make up sarcomeres and are organized longitudinally

Question 15

What is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the myofibril, causing tension development in a muscle?

Answer 15

Calcium ions that bind to troponin

Question 16

What type of muscular contraction occurs in the pectoralis major during the slow, controlled, downward phase of a bench press?

Answer 16

Eccentric

Question 17

Each muscle fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue called?

Answer 17

Endomysium

Question 18

Under the ________ the muscle fibers are grouped into bundles (fasiculi)

Answer 18

Epimysium